Is orthorexia nervosa a healthy way of being or a mental health disorder? Commentary on He et al. (2020)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Phillipa Hay
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Health Disorder ◽  
Orthorexia Nervosa

Is Pacific language ability protective of prevalence of mental disorders among Pacific peoples in New Zealand?

2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eirenei Taua'i ◽  
Rose Richards ◽  
Jesse Kokaua
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Mental Health Services ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Health Services ◽  
Common Mental Disorders ◽  
Mental Health Disorder ◽  
Positive Role ◽  
Pacific People ◽  
Language Promotion

Aims: To explore associations between experiences of mental illness, migration status and languages spoken among Pacific adults living in NZ. Methods: SURVEY FREQ and SURVEY LOGISTIC procedures in SAS were applied to data from Te Rau Hinengaro: The New Zealand (NZ) Mental Health Survey, a survey of 12,992 New Zealand adults aged 16 and over in 2003/2004. Pacific people were over sampled and this paper focuses on the 2374 Pacific participants but includes, for comparison, 8160 non-Maori-non-Pacific (NMNP) participants. Results: Pacific migrant respondents had the lowest prevalence of mental disorders compared to other Pacific peoples. However, Pacific immigrants were also less likely to use mental health services, suggesting an increased likelihood of experiencing barriers to available mental health care. Those who were born in NZ and who were proficient in a Pacific language had the lowest levels of common mental disorders, suggesting a protective effect for the NZ-born population. Additionally, access to mental health services was similar between NZ-born people who spoke a Pacific language and those who did not. Conclusions: We conclude that, given the association between Pacific language and reduced mental disorder, there may be a positive role for Pacific language promotion in efforts to reduce the prevalence of mental health disorder among Pacific communities in NZ.

Social support and mental health status of internal migrants in Beijing

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Ying Zhou ◽  
Jianhua Wang
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Social Support ◽  
Health Status ◽  
Marital Status ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Mental Health Disorder ◽  
Mental Health Status ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Monthly Income ◽  
Internal Migrants

We investigated the mental health status of 320 internal migrants in Beijing according to gender, age, marital status, and monthly income, and examined the relationship between their mental health status and social support mechanisms. Participants completed the self-report Symptom Checklist-90-R and Social Support Rating Scale. Results showed that their mental health was significantly worse than the Chinese adult norm as assessed in 2017. Participants' social support varied according to age, marital status, and monthly income. Female participants younger than 30 years old with a monthly income lower than 3,000 yuan comprised the group with the most mental health disorder symptoms. They thus required greater personal attention to their health. The results suggested that social support can predict mental health among internal migrants. Directions for further research are discussed.

scholarly journals Culture and psychopathology: An attempt at reconsidering the role of social learning

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Peter Fonagy ◽  
Chloe Campbell ◽  
Matthew Constantinou ◽  
Anna Higgitt ◽  
Elizabeth Allison ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Affect Regulation ◽  
Developmental Psychopathology ◽  
Mental Health Disorder ◽  
Cultural Environment ◽  
Single Model ◽  
Developmental Approach ◽  
The Social ◽  
P Factor

Abstract This paper proposes a model for developmental psychopathology that is informed by recent research suggestive of a single model of mental health disorder (the p factor) and seeks to integrate the role of the wider social and cultural environment into our model, which has previously been more narrowly focused on the role of the immediate caregiving context. Informed by recently emerging thinking on the social and culturally driven nature of human cognitive development, the ways in which humans are primed to learn and communicate culture, and a mentalizing perspective on the highly intersubjective nature of our capacity for affect regulation and social functioning, we set out a cultural-developmental approach to psychopathology.

scholarly journals A novel ACT-based video game to support mental health through embedded learning: a mixed-methods feasibility study protocol

BMJ Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. e041667
Author(s):  
Darren J Edwards ◽  
Andrew H Kemp
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mixed Methods ◽  
Video Game ◽  
Emotional Regulation ◽  
Cognitive Skills ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Qualitative Interviews ◽  
Mental Health Disorder ◽  
Acceptance And Commitment ◽  
Randomised Controlled

IntroductionIn recent years, serious video games have been used to promote emotional regulation in individuals with mental health issues. Although these therapeutic strategies are innovative, they are limited with respect to scope of treatment, often focusing on specific cognitive skills, to help remediate a specific mental health disorder.ObjectiveHere, we propose a protocol for assessing the feasibility of a novel acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT)-based video game for young adults.Methods and analysisThe Medical Research Council (MRC) framework will be used for developing a complex intervention to design and test the feasibility of an ACT-based video game intervention using a mixed-methods approach involving qualitative and quantitative data. The primary outcomes will include feasibility testing of recruitment processes and the acceptability of the intervention through qualitative interviews, attendance and rates of attrition. Secondary outcomes will involve a series of quantitative questionnaires to obtain effect sizes for power analysis, allowing for the ideal sample size for an appropriately powered, randomised controlled trial to be determined.Ethics and disseminationThis study has been approved by the Psychology Department Research Ethics Committee (2020-4929-3923) at Swansea University in the UK. Dissemination activities will involve publications in peer-reviewed journals, presentations at local and national conferences and promotion through social media.Trial registration numberNCT04566042.

Dynamic Change in Socio-Emotional Development during Childhood and Adolescence

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lydia Gabriela Speyer ◽  
Hildigunnur Anna Hall ◽  
Anastasia Ushakova ◽  
Michelle Luciano ◽  
Aja Louise Murray ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Early Childhood ◽  
Conduct Problems ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Dynamic Change ◽  
Mental Health Disorder ◽  
Reciprocal Relation ◽  
Emotional Difficulties ◽  
Childhood And Adolescence ◽  
Peer Problems

Objective: Adolescence is a crucial period in the development of psychopathology with nearly 1 in 5 adolescents suffering from a mental health disorder. In addition, more than 40 percent of adolescents with a lifetime psychiatric disorder are estimated to suffer from a co-occurring mental health disorder. Mechanisms underlying the development of comorbidities are still not well understood. Method: Graphical Vector Autoregression models were used to analyse the temporal, contemporaneous and between-person relations of socio-emotional strengths difficulties in early childhood compared to adolescence. Mental health and related socio-emotional traits were measured longitudinally at ages 4, 7, 8, 9, 11, 13, and 16 in the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (N = 11279) using the subscales of the Strength and Difficulties Questionnaires (conduct problems, hyperactivity/inattention, emotional symptoms, peer problems and prosociality). Results: Results suggest that the period of adolescence is characterised by many more dynamic relations between socio-emotional difficulties than the early childhood period. In particular, the adolescence model highlights bidirectional connections between conduct problems and peer problems as well as between peer problems and emotional problems. The childhood model indicates that conduct problems and prosociality share a reciprocal relation. It further suggests peer problems as a potential mediating factor between conduct problems and emotional difficulties. Conclusion: This study emphasises that the different domains of psychosocial functioning dynamically influence each other over- and within-time. Adolescence is characterised by an increase in temporal connections reflecting the increased vulnerability to the onset of mental health problems during that period.

The Association Between Mental Health Disorders and Non-Infectious Scleritis: A Prevalence Study and Review of the Literature

2021 ◽  
pp. 112067212110676
Author(s):  
Ahmad Abdel-Aty ◽  
Ninani Kombo
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Inflammatory Disease ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Systemic Disease ◽  
Mental Health Disorders ◽  
Mental Health Disorder ◽  
Psychological Effects ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Ocular Inflammatory Disease ◽  
Health Disorders

Chronic inflammatory diseases can cause significant psychosocial stress in affected patients. Few studies have examined the psychological effects of ocular inflammatory disease and no studies have examined the psychological effects of scleritis. In this study we evaluate the prevalence of mental health disorders in scleritis patients and we conduct a comprehensive review of the literature on the mental health effects of ocular inflammatory diseases. 162 patients (195 eyes) presenting to a tertiary care center with scleritis were identified. At least one comorbid mental health disorder was diagnosed in 35 patients (21.6%), most commonly major depression in 11.7%, generalized anxiety disorder in 9.3%, and substance use disorder in 6.2%. There were no significant differences in the length of an episode of scleritis or in the probability of symptom resolution between patients with a mental health disorder and other patients. In a review of the literature, 30 manuscripts met the inclusion criteria. The majority of manuscripts (83.3%) were focused on uveitis patients. Eight of these studies were focused on patients with uveitis in the context of systemic disease. The most commonly reported mental health disorders reported were anxiety and depression. An average of 31.3% of patients with ocular inflammatory disease had depression and 35.0% had anxiety. Similar to other chronic illnesses, ocular inflammatory disease may be a significant psychosocial stressor. Future studies will further elucidate the relationship between these diseases and mental health.

Off-label antipsychotic use patterns among Texas Medicaid adults 2013–2016

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (14) ◽  
pp. 1045-1053
Author(s):  
Shuang Chen ◽  
Jamie C Barner ◽  
Eun Cho
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Mental Health Disorder ◽  
Off Label Use ◽  
Mental Health Diagnosis ◽  
Lower Odds ◽  
Off Label ◽  
Use Patterns ◽  
Second Generation Antipsychotic ◽  
Health Diagnosis

Aim: To describe trends in off-label antipsychotic use among Texas Medicaid adults and examine whether demographic and clinical characteristics were associated with off-label use. Methods: Three diagnostic groups (i.e. no diagnosis, on label and off-label) were created based on mental health disorder diagnoses and related antipsychotic prescriptions. Results: During 2013–2016, the prevalence of off-label antipsychotic use decreased from 22.5% to 17.4% and the proportions of no mental health diagnosis remained stable (7.3–9.4%). Patients aged ≥25 years and second-generation antipsychotic users had significantly lower odds of receiving antipsychotics off-label or with no diagnosis. Conclusion: Compared with previous Medicaid database studies, the proportions of off-label antipsychotic use and antipsychotic use with no concurrent psychiatric diagnosis were notably lower.

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