scholarly journals Unhealthy eating and weight dissatisfaction in adolescents who never, occasionally, or regularly use smokeless tobacco (Swedish snus)

2019 ◽  
Vol 52 (7) ◽  
pp. 846-854 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deborah L. Reas ◽  
Line Wisting ◽  
Kristin Stedal ◽  
Camilla Lindvall Dahlgren
Author(s):  
Nezar Noor Al-hebshi ◽  
Fahd Ali Alharbi ◽  
Mohammed Mahri ◽  
Tsute Chen

Smokeless tobacco (ST) products vary significantly in their oral carcinogenicity. Much is known about the differences in chemical, but not bacterial, constituents of these products. In this study, we explore the composition and function of the bacteriome in ST products from 4 countries using q-PCR and 16S rRNA-based next generation sequencing. The bacterial load (16S rRNA copies/gram) was lowest in Swedish snus (3.4E+6) and highest in Yemeni shammah (6.6E+11). A total of 491 species-level taxa, many of which are potentially novel, belonging to 178 genera and 11 phyla were identified. Species richness and diversity were highest for Swedish snus and lowest for Yemeni shammah. Bacillus, Paenibacillus, and Oceanobacillus spp. were the most abundant in American snuff; species of Pseudomonas, Massilia, Propionibacterium, Puniceispirillum and Gloeothece predominated in Swedish snus. In Sudanese toombak, Facklamia, Desemzia, Atopostipes and Lysinibacillus spp. accounted for the majority of the bacteriome. Yemeni shammah exclusively contained Bacillus spp. PICRUSt functional prediction showed that genes encoding cadmium/zinc and nickel transport systems were enriched in the presumptively “high carcinogenicity” products. The bacteriome of ST products thus differed qualitatively, quantitatively and functionally. The relevance of these differences, particularly with respect to nickel and cadmium, to oral carcinogenesis warrants further investigation.


2016 ◽  
Vol 76 ◽  
pp. 94-101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Nilsson ◽  
Mileva Mićić ◽  
Jelena Filipović ◽  
Ana Valenta Šobot ◽  
Dunja Drakulić ◽  
...  

Author(s):  
Liqun Wang ◽  
Stephen Stanfill ◽  
Liza Valentin-Blasini ◽  
Clifford H. Watson ◽  
Roberto Bravo Cardenas

SummaryGlobally, smokeless tobacco (ST) includes a wide array of chemically diverse products generally used in the oral cavity. Although ST has been widely investigated, this study was undertaken to determine the levels of sugars (mono- and di-saccharides), alditols, and humectants present in major ST categories/subcategories by using high performance liquid chromatography coupled with a triple quadrupole mass spectrometer (HPLC-MS/MS). The products studied included chewing tobacco (loose leaf, plug, twist), US moist snuff, Swedish snus, creamy snuff, dry snuff, dissolvable tobacco products, and tobacco-coated toothpicks. The highest mean sugar level was detected in chewing tobacco (9.3–27.5%, w/w), followed by dissolvable tobacco (2.1%); all other products were lower than 1%. Creamy snuff had the highest mean alditol levels (22.6%), followed by dissolvable tobacco (15.4%); all others had levels lower than 1%. The detected mean humectant levels ranged from non-detectable to 5.9%. This study demonstrates the broad chemical diversity among ST. This research may aid researchers and public health advocates investigating the exposures and risks of ST. [Beitr. Tabakforsch. Int. 28 (2019) 203–213]


Oral Diseases ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 50-53 ◽  
Author(s):  
UK Zatterstrom ◽  
M Svensson ◽  
L Sand ◽  
H Nordgren ◽  
JM Hirsch

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. H. Gerrits ◽  
J. B. F. De Wit ◽  
R. G. Kuijer ◽  
D. T. D. De Ridder

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