Translating research into clinical practice across the developmental spectrum: Examining the clinical utility of the short treatment allocation tool for eating disorders

2016 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
pp. 235-238 ◽  
Author(s):  
Josie Geller ◽  
Jennifer S. Coelho ◽  
Suja Srikameswaran ◽  
Pei-Yoong Lam ◽  
Megumi Iyar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Clinical Utility ◽  
Short Treatment ◽  
Treatment Allocation

scholarly journals The Short Treatment Allocation Tool for Eating Disorders: current practices in assigning patients to level of care

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Josie Geller ◽  
Leanna Isserlin ◽  
Emily Seale ◽  
Megumi M. Iyar ◽  
Jennifer S. Coelho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Level Of Care ◽  
Short Treatment ◽  
Treatment Allocation ◽  
Current Practices

scholarly journals In Pursuit of an Effective Treatment: the Past, Present and Future of Clinical Trials in Inclusion Body Myositis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. M. Snedden ◽  
J. B. Lilleker ◽  
H. Chinoy
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Effective Treatment ◽  
Inclusion Body ◽  
Therapeutic Effect ◽  
Outcome Measures ◽  
Inclusion Body Myositis ◽  
Cytotoxic T Cells ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Trial Methodology ◽  
Short Treatment

Abstract Purpose of review No clinical trial in sporadic inclusion body myositis (IBM) thus far has shown a clear and sustained therapeutic effect. We review previous trial methodology, explore why results have not translated into clinical practice, and suggest improvements for future IBM trials. Recent findings Early trials primarily assessed immunosuppressive medications, with no significant clinical responses observed. Many of these studies had methodological issues, including small participant numbers, nonspecific diagnostic criteria, short treatment and/or assessment periods and insensitive outcome measures. Most recent IBM trials have instead focused on nonimmunosuppressive therapies, but there is mounting evidence supporting a primary autoimmune aetiology, including the discovery of immunosuppression-resistant clones of cytotoxic T cells and anti-CN-1A autoantibodies which could potentially be used to stratify patients into different cohorts. The latest trials have had mixed results. For example, bimagrumab, a myostatin blocker, did not affect the 6-min timed walk distance, whereas sirolimus, a promotor of autophagy, did. Larger studies are planned to evaluate the efficacy of sirolimus and arimoclomol. Summary Thus far, no treatment for IBM has demonstrated a definite therapeutic effect, and effective treatment options in clinical practice are lacking. Trial design and ineffective therapies are likely to have contributed to these failures. Identification of potential therapeutic targets should be followed by future studies using a stratified approach and sensitive and relevant outcome measures.

scholarly journals A Review of Diagnostic Impact of Amyloid Positron Emission Tomography Imaging in Clinical Practice

2018 ◽  
Vol 46 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 154-167 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yejin Kim ◽  
Paul Rosenberg ◽  
Esther Oh
Keyword(s):  
Positron Emission Tomography ◽  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Pet Imaging ◽  
Clinical Utility ◽  
Patient Management ◽  
Emission Tomography ◽  
Amyloid Pet ◽  
Diagnostic Confidence ◽  
Positron Emission ◽  
Amyloid Pet Imaging

Background: Molecular imaging of brain amyloid for the diagnosis of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) using positron emission tomography (PET) has been approved for use in clinical practice by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) since 2012. However, the clinical utility and diagnostic impact of amyloid PET imaging remain controversial. We conducted a review of the recent studies investigating clinical utility of amyloid PET imaging with focus on changes in diagnosis, diagnostic confidence, and patient management. Summary: A total of 16 studies were included in the final analysis. Overall rate of changes in diagnosis after amyloid PET ranged from 9 to 68% (pooled estimate of 31%, 95% CI 23–39%). All studies reported overall increase in diagnostic confidence or diagnostic certainty after amyloid PET. Changes in patient management ranged from 37 to 87%; the most common type of change in management reported was either the initiation or discontinuation of planned AD medications. Key Messages: Amyloid PET imaging led to moderate to significant changes in diagnosis, diagnostic confidence, and subsequent patient management. It may be most useful in patients with high level of diagnostic uncertainty even after the completing the standard workup.

Eating Disorders in Males

2017 ◽  
pp. 309-326
Author(s):  
Tiffany A. Brown ◽  
Scott Griffiths ◽  
Stuart B. Murray
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Clinical Treatment ◽  
Treatment Approaches ◽  
Clinical Presentations ◽  
Male Eating Disorders ◽  
Assessment Measures ◽  
Males With Eating Disorders

Eating disorders have been traditionally thought of as female disorders, with males representing a rare and atypical minority of presentations. As a result, males with eating disorders have been uniquely stigmatized. However, contemporary evidence has illustrated an increasing prevalence of male eating disorders, although males continue to be underrepresented in treatment studies and often go undetected in clinical practice. This chapter provides an overview of the prevalence of eating disorders in males, highlights distinct differences in clinical presentations, and provides recommendations for tailoring clinical treatment approaches. It also describes useful clinical resources related to males and eating disorders, including useful assessment measures and website resources.

scholarly journals The clinical assessment of acts of violence: mental mechanisms and subjectivity

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 135-144 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rajan Nathan ◽  
Peter Wilson
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Risk Management ◽  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Clinical Assessment ◽  
Clinical Utility ◽  
Individual Case ◽  
Evidence Base ◽  
Routine Clinical Practice ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
The Individual

SUMMARYApproaches to assessing violence in clinical practice have been influenced by developments in the field of risk assessment. As a result, there has been a focus on identifying and describing factors associated with violence. However, a factor-based approach to assessing violence in individual cases has limited clinical utility. In response, the benefits of a formulation-based approach have been promoted. This approach is enhanced by an understanding of the specific mental mechanisms that increase the likelihood of violence in the individual case. Although there is an empirical evidence base for mental mechanisms associated with violence, this literature has not been distilled and synthesised in a way that informs routine clinical practice. In this article the authors present the key mechanisms that are known to be associated with violence in a way that is relevant to the clinical assessment of violence and, in turn, can inform clinical and risk management.

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