Time reproduction in finger tapping tasks by children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder and/or dyslexia

Dyslexia ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 299-315 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margaret C. Tiffin-Richards ◽  
Marcus Hasselhorn ◽  
Michael L. Richards ◽  
Tobias Banaschewski ◽  
Aribert Rothenberger
Keyword(s):  
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Attention Deficit ◽  
Finger Tapping ◽  
Time Reproduction ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder

scholarly journals Temporal reproduction and its neuroanatomical correlates in adults with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and their unaffected first-degree relatives

2016 ◽  
Vol 46 (12) ◽  
pp. 2561-2569 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. A. Pironti ◽  
M.-C. Lai ◽  
S. Morein-Zamir ◽  
U. Müller ◽  
E. T. Bullmore ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Attention Deficit ◽  
Adult Adhd ◽  
Grey Matter ◽  
Grey Matter Volume ◽  
Typically Developing ◽  
Time Reproduction ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
First Degree Relatives ◽  
Temporal Reproduction

BackgroundLittle is known about time perception, its putative role as cognitive endophenotype, and its neuroanatomical underpinnings in adults with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).MethodTwenty adults with ADHD, 20 unaffected first-degree relatives and 20 typically developing controls matched for age and gender undertook structural magnetic resonance imaging scans. Voxel-based morphometry with DARTEL was performed to obtain regional grey-matter volumes. Temporal processing was investigated as a putative cognitive endophenotype using a temporal reproduction paradigm. General linear modelling was employed to examine the relationship between temporal reproduction performances and grey-matter volumes.ResultsADHD participants were impaired in temporal reproduction and unaffected first-degree relatives performed in between their ADHD probands and typically developing controls. Increased grey-matter volume in the cerebellum was associated with poorer temporal reproduction performance.ConclusionsAdults with ADHD are impaired in time reproduction. Performances of the unaffected first-degree relatives are in between ADHD relatives and controls, suggesting that time reproduction might be a cognitive endophenotype for adult ADHD. The cerebellum is involved in time reproduction and might play a role in driving time performances.

scholarly journals The incidence of dysgraphia in Arabic language in children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Amira Salah Lotfy ◽  
Mohammed El Sayed Darwish ◽  
Ehab Sayed Ramadan ◽  
Rania Makram Sidhom
Keyword(s):  
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Attention Deficit ◽  
Arabic Language ◽  
Finger Tapping ◽  
Fine Motor ◽  
Normal Children ◽  
Spelling Errors ◽  
Children With Adhd ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Adhd Children

Abstract Background Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a brain disorder marked by an ongoing pattern of inattention and/or hyperactivity-impulsivity that interferes with functioning or development. Although children with ADHD made much more spelling errors, they had a distinct pattern of letter insertions, replacements, transpositions, and omissions. This mistake type is sometimes referred to as graphemic buffer errors, and it is caused by a lack of attention required for motor planning. The aim of study was to assess the incidence of dysgraphia in Arabic language in children with ADHD for better helping, diagnosis and management of those children. Results Ten percent of ADHD children had normal handwriting with no disability, 40% had excellent handwriting with a minimum of disability and 50% of ADHD children showed mild to moderate disability. There were significant differences between ADHD children and control children regarding results of each item on the subtest of handwriting of dysgraphia disability scale (DDS), respecting lines, spacing between words, letter direction, spelling a sentence, and punctuation. Drawing affected in ADHD children. The finger tapping speed was affected in almost ADHD children. Conclusions Dysgraphia highly presents in our sample of ADHD children with poor fine motor skills in ADHD children than normal children. ADHD children have illegible handwriting, not respecting lines, insufficient space between and within words, multiple spelling errors, and omissions of letters or words. Graphesthesia and stereognosis are affected more in ADHD children than in control children drawing and finger tapping speed affected in ADHD children.

scholarly journals Gender and hand dominance on fine motor skills among Grade 1–7 learners with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder

2019 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 92-102
Author(s):  
Refilwe Gloria Pila-Nemutandani ◽  
Basil Joseph Pillay ◽  
Anneke Meyer
Keyword(s):  
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Motor Skills ◽  
Attention Deficit ◽  
Finger Tapping ◽  
Fine Motor ◽  
Dominant Hand ◽  
Hand Dominance ◽  
Fine Motor Skills ◽  
Motor Speed ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder

Children diagnosed with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder encounter difficulties in many activities in their daily lives that require motor coordination skills. The aim of this study was to establish whether children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder have deficits in fine motor skills. Eighty male and female learners diagnosed with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder matched with 80 non-attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder from the North West and Limpopo provinces (South Africa), aged 7–13  years, participated in the study. All participants completed the grooved pegboard test, the maze coordination task, and the finger tapping test. These instruments measure various functions of motor speed and eye–hand coordination. The findings reveal that children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder performed significantly poorer than the control group with regard to the grooved pegboard and maze coordination tasks, but not with the finger tapping task. There were no gender differences in all the tests. Performance on the maze coordination task with the non-dominant hand was poorer for the attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder group with regard to the time taken to complete the task. However, no hand dominance differences were found on the grooved pegboard and finger tapping tests. The study revealed a relationship between attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder symptomatology and motor problems with regard to complex tasks of accuracy, but not on a simple task of motor speed. It is, therefore, recommended that since children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder show motor deficiencies, motor skill training should be considered as part of the intervention, as these skills are needed for many daily activities and academic competencies.

scholarly journals Altered Cortical Activation Associated with Mirror Overflow Driven by Non-Dominant Hand Movement in Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu Luo ◽  
Christine Chen ◽  
Jack H Adamek ◽  
Deana Crocetti ◽  
Stewart H Mostofsky ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Attention Deficit ◽  
Voluntary Movement ◽  
Hand Movement ◽  
Cortical Activation ◽  
Finger Tapping ◽  
Dominant Hand ◽  
Children With Adhd ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Oscillation Analysis

ABSTRACTMirror overflow is involuntary movement that accompanies unilateral voluntary movement on the opposite side of the body, and is commonly seen in Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). Children with ADHD show asymmetry in mirror overflow between dominant and non-dominant hand, yet there are competing mechanistic accounts of why this occurs. Using EEG during a sequential, unimanual finger-tapping task, we found that children with ADHD exhibited significantly more mirror overflow than typically developing (TD) controls, especially during the tapping of the non-dominant hand. Furthermore, source-level EEG oscillation analysis revealed that children with ADHD showed decreased alpha (8-12 Hz) event-related desynchronization (ERD) compared with controls in both hemispheres, but only during tapping of the non-dominant hand. Moreover, only the ERD ipsilateral to the mirror overflow during non-dominant hand movement correlated with both magnitude of overflow movements and higher ADHD symptom severity (Conners ADHD Hyperactivity/Impulsiveness scale) in children with ADHD. TD controls did not show these relationships. Our findings suggest that EEG differences in finger-tapping in ADHD are related primarily to voluntary movement in the non-dominant hand. Our results are also consistent with the Ipsilateral Corticospinal Tract (CST) Hypothesis, which posits that the atypical persistence of mirror overflow in ADHD may originate in the sensorimotor areas ipsilateral to mirror overflow and be transmitted via non-decussating CST fibers.

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