Spatiotemporal expression pattern of Myt/NZF family zinc finger transcription factors during mouse nervous system development

2013 ◽  
Vol 243 (4) ◽  
pp. 588-600 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fumio Matsushita ◽  
Toshiki Kameyama ◽  
Yuzo Kadokawa ◽  
Tohru Marunouchi
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Transcription Factors ◽  
Expression Pattern ◽  
Zinc Finger ◽  
System Development ◽  
Nervous System Development ◽  
Spatiotemporal Expression

scholarly journals Spatiotemporal expression of IgLON family members in the developing mouse nervous system

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sydney Fearnley ◽  
Reesha Raja ◽  
Jean-François Cloutier
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Developmental Disorders ◽  
System Development ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Family Members ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Nervous System Development ◽  
Spatiotemporal Expression ◽  
Developing Nervous System

AbstractDifferential expression of cell adhesion molecules in neuronal populations is one of the many mechanisms promoting the formation of functional neural circuits in the developing nervous system. The IgLON family consists of five cell surface immunoglobulin proteins that have been associated with various developmental disorders, such as autism spectrum disorder, schizophrenia, and major depressive disorder. However, there is still limited and fragmented information about their patterns of expression in certain regions of the developing nervous system and how their expression contributes to their function. Utilizing an in situ hybridization approach, we have analyzed the spatiotemporal expression of all IgLON family members in the developing mouse brain, spinal cord, eye, olfactory epithelium, and vomeronasal organ. At one prenatal (E16) and two postnatal (P0 and P15) ages, we show that each IgLON displays distinct expression patterns in the olfactory system, cerebral cortex, midbrain, cerebellum, spinal cord, and eye, indicating that they likely contribute to the wiring of specific neuronal circuitry. These analyses will inform future functional studies aimed at identifying additional roles for these proteins in nervous system development.

scholarly journals ngn-1/neurogenin Activates Transcription of Multiple Terminal Selector Transcription Factors in the Caenorhabditis elegans Nervous System

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 1949-1962 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elyse L. Christensen ◽  
Alexandra Beasley ◽  
Jessica Radchuk ◽  
Zachery E. Mielko ◽  
Elicia Preston ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Transcription Factors ◽  
Caenorhabditis Elegans ◽  
Cell Fate ◽  
Neural Development ◽  
System Development ◽  
Neuronal Cell ◽  
Nervous System Development ◽  
Link Type ◽  
Neuroblast Migration

Proper nervous system development is required for an organism’s survival and function. Defects in neurogenesis have been linked to neurodevelopmental disorders such as schizophrenia and autism. Understanding the gene regulatory networks that orchestrate neural development, specifically cascades of proneural transcription factors, can better elucidate which genes are most important during early neurogenesis. Neurogenins are a family of deeply conserved factors shown to be both necessary and sufficient for the development of neural subtypes. However, the immediate downstream targets of neurogenin are not well characterized. The objective of this study was to further elucidate the role of ngn-1/neurogenin in nervous system development and to identify its downstream transcriptional targets, using the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans as a model for this work. We found that ngn-1 is required for axon outgrowth, nerve ring architecture, and neuronal cell fate specification. We also showed that ngn-1 may have roles in neuroblast migration and epithelial integrity during embryonic development. Using RNA sequencing and comparative transcriptome analysis, we identified eight transcription factors (hlh-34/NPAS1, unc-42/PROP1, ceh-17/PHOX2A, lim-4/LHX6, fax-1/NR2E3, lin-11/LHX1, tlp-1/ZNF503, and nhr-23/RORB) whose transcription is activated, either directly or indirectly, by ngn-1. Our results show that ngn-1 has a role in transcribing known terminal regulators that establish and maintain cell fate of differentiated neural subtypes and confirms that ngn-1 functions as a proneural transcription factor in C. elegans neurogenesis.

scholarly journals The zinc finger/RING domain protein Unkempt regulates cognitive flexibility

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Elin Vinsland ◽  
Pranetha Baskaran ◽  
Simeon R. Mihaylov ◽  
Carl Hobbs ◽  
Hannah Wood ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Zinc Finger ◽  
Cognitive Flexibility ◽  
System Development ◽  
Nervous System Development ◽  
Mtor Signaling ◽  
Conditional Knockout ◽  
Ring Domain ◽  
Domain Protein

AbstractCorrect orchestration of nervous system development is a profound challenge that involves coordination of complex molecular and cellular processes. Mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling is a key regulator of nervous system development and synaptic function. The mTOR kinase is a hub for sensing inputs including growth factor signaling, nutrients and energy levels. Activation of mTOR signaling causes diseases with severe neurological manifestations, such as tuberous sclerosis complex and focal cortical dysplasia. However, the molecular mechanisms by which mTOR signaling regulates nervous system development and function are poorly understood. Unkempt is a conserved zinc finger/RING domain protein that regulates neurogenesis downstream of mTOR signaling in Drosophila. Unkempt also directly interacts with the mTOR complex I component Raptor. Here we describe the generation and characterisation of mice with a conditional knockout of Unkempt (UnkcKO) in the nervous system. Loss of Unkempt reduces Raptor protein levels in the embryonic nervous system but does not affect downstream mTORC1 targets. We also show that nervous system development occurs normally in UnkcKO mice. However, we find that Unkempt is expressed in the adult cerebellum and hippocampus and behavioural analyses show that UnkcKO mice have improved memory formation and cognitive flexibility to re-learn. Further understanding of the role of Unkempt in the nervous system will provide novel mechanistic insight into the role of mTOR signaling in learning and memory.

scholarly journals SOX Transcription Factors as Important Regulators of Neuronal and Glial Differentiation During Nervous System Development and Adult Neurogenesis

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Milena Stevanovic ◽  
Danijela Drakulic ◽  
Andrijana Lazic ◽  
Danijela Stanisavljevic Ninkovic ◽  
Marija Schwirtlich ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Transcription Factors ◽  
Adult Neurogenesis ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
System Development ◽  
Nervous System Development ◽  
Glial Differentiation ◽  
Neural Lineage ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
Sox Proteins

The SOX proteins belong to the superfamily of transcription factors (TFs) that display properties of both classical TFs and architectural components of chromatin. Since the cloning of the Sox/SOX genes, remarkable progress has been made in illuminating their roles as key players in the regulation of multiple developmental and physiological processes. SOX TFs govern diverse cellular processes during development, such as maintaining the pluripotency of stem cells, cell proliferation, cell fate decisions/germ layer formation as well as terminal cell differentiation into tissues and organs. However, their roles are not limited to development since SOX proteins influence survival, regeneration, cell death and control homeostasis in adult tissues. This review summarized current knowledge of the roles of SOX proteins in control of central nervous system development. Some SOX TFs suspend neural progenitors in proliferative, stem-like state and prevent their differentiation. SOX proteins function as pioneer factors that occupy silenced target genes and keep them in a poised state for activation at subsequent stages of differentiation. At appropriate stage of development, SOX members that maintain stemness are down-regulated in cells that are competent to differentiate, while other SOX members take over their functions and govern the process of differentiation. Distinct SOX members determine down-stream processes of neuronal and glial differentiation. Thus, sequentially acting SOX TFs orchestrate neural lineage development defining neuronal and glial phenotypes. In line with their crucial roles in the nervous system development, deregulation of specific SOX proteins activities is associated with neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs). The overview of the current knowledge about the link between SOX gene variants and NDDs is presented. We outline the roles of SOX TFs in adult neurogenesis and brain homeostasis and discuss whether impaired adult neurogenesis, detected in neurodegenerative diseases, could be associated with deregulation of SOX proteins activities. We present the current data regarding the interaction between SOX proteins and signaling pathways and microRNAs that play roles in nervous system development. Finally, future research directions that will improve the knowledge about distinct and various roles of SOX TFs in health and diseases are presented and discussed.

scholarly journals Expression patterns of the E2F family of transcription factors during mouse nervous system development

1997 ◽  
Vol 66 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 13-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Dagnino ◽  
C.J. Fry ◽  
S.M. Bartley ◽  
P. Farnham ◽  
B.L. Gallie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Transcription Factors ◽  
System Development ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Nervous System Development

Proteoglycans in the Developing Brain: New Conceptual Insights for Old Proteins

2000 ◽  
Vol 80 (4) ◽  
pp. 1267-1290 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christine E. Bandtlow ◽  
Dieter R. Zimmermann
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Core Protein ◽  
System Development ◽  
Protein Structures ◽  
Nervous System Development ◽  
Axonal Pathfinding ◽  
Spatiotemporal Expression ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Heterogeneous Class

Proteoglycans are a heterogeneous class of proteins bearing sulfated glycosaminoglycans. Some of the proteoglycans have distinct core protein structures, and others display similarities and thus may be grouped into families such as the syndecans, the glypicans, or the hyalectans (or lecticans). Proteoglycans can be found in almost all tissues being present in the extracellular matrix, on cellular surfaces, or in intracellular granules. In recent years, brain proteoglycans have attracted growing interest due to their highly regulated spatiotemporal expression during nervous system development and maturation. There is increasing evidence that different proteoglycans act as regulators of cell migration, axonal pathfinding, synaptogenesis, and structural plasticity. This review summarizes the most recent data on structures and functions of brain proteoglycans and focuses on new physiological concepts for their potential roles in the developing central nervous system.

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