scholarly journals Gene expression in the efferent ducts, epididymis, and vas deferens during embryonic development of the mouse

2010 ◽  
Vol 239 (9) ◽  
pp. 2479-2491 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth M. Snyder ◽  
Christopher L. Small ◽  
Daniela Bomgardner ◽  
Bingfang Xu ◽  
Ryan Evanoff ◽  
...  
Author(s):  
D. Marsh

As a result of vasectomy, spermatozoa are confined to the epididymis and vas deferens, where they degenerate, releasing antigens that enter the circulation or are engulfed by macrophages. Multiple antigens of the sperm can elicit production of autoantibodies; circulating anti-sperm antibodies are found in a large percentage of vasectomized men, indicating the immunogenicity of the sperm. The increased prevalence of macrophages in the liomen of the rhesus monkey testicular efferent ducts after vasectomy led to further study of this region. Frozen sections were used for evaluation of immunopathological status by fluorescence microscopy with fluorescein-conjugated antibody. Subsequent granular deposits of immune complexes were revealed by positive immunofluorescence staining for complement. The immune complex deposition in the basement membrane surrounding the efferent ducts implies that this region is involved in antigen leakage (Fig. 1).


2021 ◽  
Vol 120 (3) ◽  
pp. 354a
Author(s):  
Anand P. Singh ◽  
Ping Wu ◽  
Eric F. Wieschaus ◽  
Jared E. Toettcher ◽  
Thomas Gregor

2007 ◽  
Vol 236 (3) ◽  
pp. 880-885 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Zuzarte-Luis ◽  
J.A. Montero ◽  
N. Torre-Perez ◽  
J.A. Garcia-Porrero ◽  
J.M. Hurle

2010 ◽  
Vol 193 (3) ◽  
pp. 242-251 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yongfei Zhu ◽  
Jiangbo Zhu ◽  
Xuying Wan ◽  
Yuping Zhu ◽  
Tianbao Zhang

Biology Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. bio055343 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Chu ◽  
An Nguyen ◽  
Spenser S. Smith ◽  
Zuzana Vavrušová ◽  
Richard A. Schneider

ABSTRACTPrecisely altering gene expression is critical for understanding molecular processes of embryogenesis. Although some tools exist for transgene misexpression in developing chick embryos, we have refined and advanced them by simplifying and optimizing constructs for spatiotemporal control. To maintain expression over the entire course of embryonic development we use an enhanced piggyBac transposon system that efficiently integrates sequences into the host genome. We also incorporate a DNA targeting sequence to direct plasmid translocation into the nucleus and a D4Z4 insulator sequence to prevent epigenetic silencing. We designed these constructs to minimize their size and maximize cellular uptake, and to simplify usage by placing all of the integrating sequences on a single plasmid. Following electroporation of stage HH8.5 embryos, our tetracycline-inducible promoter construct produces robust transgene expression in the presence of doxycycline at any point during embryonic development in ovo or in culture. Moreover, expression levels can be modulated by titrating doxycycline concentrations and spatial control can be achieved using beads or gels. Thus, we have generated a novel, sensitive, tunable, and stable inducible-promoter system for high-resolution gene manipulation in vivo.


Author(s):  
Benjamin M. Hogan ◽  
Heather Verkade ◽  
Graham J. Lieschke ◽  
Joan K. Heath

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