Role of p21-activated kinase in cell polarity and directional mesendoderm migration in theXenopusgastrula

2009 ◽  
Vol 238 (7) ◽  
pp. 1709-1726 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martina Nagel ◽  
Olivia Luu ◽  
Nicolas Bisson ◽  
Bojan Macanovic ◽  
Tom Moss ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Polarity ◽  
P21 Activated Kinase

scholarly journals Critical Role of Vimentin Phosphorylation at Ser-56 by p21-activated Kinase in Vimentin Cytoskeleton Signaling

2006 ◽  
Vol 281 (45) ◽  
pp. 34716-34724 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qing-Fen Li ◽  
Amy M. Spinelli ◽  
Ruping Wang ◽  
Yana Anfinogenova ◽  
Harold A. Singer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Critical Role ◽  
P21 Activated Kinase

scholarly journals The role of GPI-anchored proteins in chondrogenesis and cell polarity

2008 ◽  
Vol 319 (2) ◽  
pp. 482
Author(s):  
Molly J. Ahrens ◽  
Andrew T. Dudley
Keyword(s):  
Cell Polarity

scholarly journals Electrostatic plasma membrane targeting contributes to Dlg function in cell polarity and tumorigenesis

Development ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. dev.196956
Author(s):  
Juan Lu ◽  
Wei Dong ◽  
Yan Tao ◽  
Yang Hong
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Membrane ◽  
Tumor Suppressor ◽  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Cell Polarity ◽  
Significant Role ◽  
Discs Large ◽  
Cortical Localization ◽  
Polarity Proteins ◽  
Positively Charged

Discs large (Dlg) is an essential polarity protein and a tumor suppressor originally characterized in Drosophila but is also well conserved in vertebrates. Like the majority of polarity proteins, plasma membrane (PM)/cortical localization of Dlg is required for its function in polarity and tumorigenesis, but the exact mechanisms targeting Dlg to PM remain to be fully elucidated. Here we show that, similar to the recently discovered polybasic polarity proteins such as Lgl and aPKC, Dlg also contains a positively charged polybasic domain that electrostatically binds the PM phosphoinositides PI4P and PI(4,5)P2. Electrostatic targeting by the polybasic domain contributes significantly to the PM localization of Dlg in follicular and early embryonic epithelial cells, and is crucial for Dlg to regulate both polarity and tumorigenesis. The electrostatic PM targeting of Dlg is controlled by a potential phosphorylation-dependent allosteric regulation of its polybasic domain, and is specifically enhanced by the interactions between Dlg and another basolateral polarity protein and tumor suppressor Scrib. Our studies highlight an increasingly significant role of electrostatic PM targeting of polarity proteins in regulating cell polarity.

scholarly journals Up-regulation of P21-activated kinase 1 in osteoarthritis chondrocytes is responsible for osteoarthritic cartilage destruction

2020 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wanli Ma ◽  
Xiaohe Wang ◽  
Chunhui Wang ◽  
Mingzhi Gong ◽  
Peng Ren
Keyword(s):  
Articular Cartilage ◽  
Cartilage Destruction ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Osteoarthritic Cartilage ◽  
Resident Cell ◽  
Joint Disorder ◽  
Osteoarthritis Chondrocytes ◽  
P21 Activated Kinase ◽  
Pak1 Expression

Abstract Osteoarthritis is mainly caused by a degenerative joint disorder, which is characterized by the gradual degradation of articular cartilage and synovial inflammation. The chondrocyte, the unique resident cell type of articular cartilage, is crucial for the development of osteoarthritis. Previous studies revealed that P21-activated kinase-1 (PAK1) was responsible for the initiation of inflammation. The purpose of the present study was to determine the potential role of PAK1 in osteoarthritis. The level of PAK1 expression was measured by Western blot and quantitative real-time PCR in articular cartilage from osteoarthritis model rats and patients with osteoarthritis. In addition, the functional role of aberrant PAK1 expression was detected in the chondrocytes. We found that the expression of PAK1 was significantly increased in chondrocytes treated with osteoarthritis-related factors. Increased expression of PAK1 was also observed in knee articular cartilage samples from patients with osteoarthritis and osteoarthritis model rats. PAK1 was found to inhibit chondrocytes proliferation and to promote the production of inflammatory cytokines in cartilages chondrocytes. Furthermore, we found that PAK1 modulated the production of extracellular matrix and cartilage degrading enzymes in chondrocytes. Results of the present studies demonstrated that PAK1 might play an important role in the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis.

scholarly journals Role of WASP in cell polarity and podosome dynamics of myeloid cells

2011 ◽  
Vol 90 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 198-204 ◽  
Author(s):  
James Monypenny ◽  
Hsiu-Chuan Chou ◽  
Inmaculada Bañón-Rodríguez ◽  
Adrian J. Thrasher ◽  
Inés M. Antón ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Polarity ◽  
Myeloid Cells

The role of p21-activated kinase 3 (PAK3) in activating protein 1 (AP-1) induced oncogenesis

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nina Holderness ◽  
Howard Donninger ◽  
Michael J. Birrer ◽  
Virna Leaner
Keyword(s):  
P21 Activated Kinase

Lipid Rafts in Protein Sorting and Cell Polarity in Budding Yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae

2002 ◽  
Vol 383 (10) ◽  
pp. 1475-1480 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Bagnat ◽  
K. Simons
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Cell Surface ◽  
Lipid Rafts ◽  
Cell Polarity ◽  
Budding Yeast ◽  
Protein Sorting ◽  
Yeast Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Functional Consequences ◽  
Acyl Chains

Abstract Cellular membranes contain many types and species of lipids. One of the most important functional consequences of this heterogeneity is the existence of microdomains within the plane of the membrane. Sphingolipid acyl chains have the ability of forming tightly packed platforms together with sterols. These platforms or lipid rafts constitute segregation and sorting devices into which proteins specifically associate. In budding yeast, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, lipid rafts serve as sorting platforms for proteins destined to the cell surface. The segregation capacity of rafts also provides the basis for the polarization of proteins at the cell surface during mating. Here we discuss some recent findings that stress the role of lipid rafts as key players in yeast protein sorting and cell polarity.

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