Cx36 expression in the AII-mediated rod pathway is activity dependent in the developing rabbit retina

2015 ◽  
Vol 76 (5) ◽  
pp. 473-486 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hung-Ya Tu ◽  
Chuan-Chin Chiao
Keyword(s):  
Rabbit Retina ◽  
Activity Dependent ◽  
Rod Pathway

Developmental expression of protein kinase C immunoreactivity in rod bipolar cells of the rabbit retina

1996 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 817-831 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giovanni Casini ◽  
Achille Grassi ◽  
Luigi Trasarti ◽  
Paola Bagnoli
Keyword(s):  
Protein Kinase C ◽  
Amacrine Cell ◽  
Plexiform Layer ◽  
Bipolar Cells ◽  
Cell Populations ◽  
Rabbit Retina ◽  
Kinase C ◽  
Eye Opening ◽  
Rod Bipolar Cells ◽  
Rod Pathway

AbstractRod bipolar cells constitute the second-order neuron in the rod pathway. Previous investigations of the rabbit retina have evaluated the development of other components of the rod pathway, namely the dopaminergic and All amacrine cell populations. To gain further insights into the maturation of this retinal circuitry, we studied the development of rod bipolar cells, identified with antibodies directed to the α isoform of protein kinase C (PKC), in the rabbit retina. Lightly immunostained PKC-immunoreactive (IR) somata are first observed at postnatal day (PND) 6 in the distal inner nuclear layer (INL). Immunostaining is also observed in the outer plexiform layer (OPL), indicating the presence of PKC-IR dendrites. PKC-IR axons are present in the INL oriented toward the inner plexiform layer (IPL). Several of them terminate with enlarged structures resembling growth cones. At PND 8, some immunostained terminal bulbs, characteristic of rod bipolar cells, are detected in the proximal IPL. PKC-IR cells at PND 11 (eye opening) display stronger immunostaining and more mature characteristics than at earlier ages. The dendritic arborizations of these cells in the OPL and their axon terminals in the IPL attain mature morphology at later ages (PND 30 or older). The density of PKC-IR cells shows a peak at PND 11 followed by a drastic decrease up to adulthood. The total number of PKC-IR cells increases from PND 6 to PND 11 and then it remains almost unchanged until adulthood. The mosaic of PKC-IR cells is nonrandom in some retinal locations at PND 6, but the overall regularity index at PND 6 is lower than at older ages. The present data provide a comprehensive evaluation of the development of rod bipolar cells in the postnatal rabbit retina and are consistent with those previously reported for dopaminergic and All amacrine cell populations, indicating that different components of the rod pathway follow a similar pattern of maturation, presumably allowing the rod pathway to be functional at eye opening.

Cone bipolar cells as interneurons in the rod, pathway of the rabbit retina

1994 ◽  
Vol 347 (1) ◽  
pp. 139-149 ◽  
Author(s):  
Enrica Strettoi ◽  
Ramon F. Dacheux ◽  
Elio Raviola
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Cells ◽  
Rabbit Retina ◽  
Rod Pathway ◽  
Cone Bipolar Cells

Chronic Laser Exposure Effects on Rabbit Retina

1972 ◽  
Vol 30 ◽  
pp. 54-55
Author(s):  
Burton B. Silver ◽  
Theodore Lawwill
Keyword(s):  
Laser Irradiation ◽  
Laser Light ◽  
Broad Band ◽  
Argon Laser ◽  
Atropine Sulfate ◽  
Ultrastructural Changes ◽  
Laser Exposure ◽  
Rabbit Retina ◽  
Histological Changes ◽  
Threshold Doses

Dutch-belted 1 to 2.5 kg anesthetized rabbits were exposed to either xenon or argon laser light administered in a broad band, designed to cover large areas of the retina. For laser exposure, the pupil was dilated with atropine sulfate 1% and pheny lephrine 10%. All of the laser generated power was within a band centered at 5145.0 Anstroms. Established threshold for 4 hour exposures to laser irradiation are in the order of 25-35 microwatts/cm2. Animals examined for ultrastructural changes received 4 hour threshold doses. These animals exhibited ERG, opthalmascopic, and histological changes consistent with threshold damage.One month following exposure the rabbits were killed with pentobarbitol. The eyes were immediately enucleated and dissected while bathed in 3% phosphate buffered gluteraldehyde.

Malfunctional Reorganization in the Developing Limbo-Prefrontal System in Animals: Implications for Human Psychoses?

2001 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 8-14
Author(s):  
Gertraud Teuchert-Noodt ◽  
Ralf R. Dawirs
Keyword(s):  
Prefrontal Cortex ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Dentate Gyrus ◽  
Cognitive Functions ◽  
Experimental Approach ◽  
Regulatory Mechanisms ◽  
Hippocampal Dentate Gyrus ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Invasive Method ◽  
Activity Dependent

Abstract: Neuroplasticity research in connection with mental disorders has recently bridged the gap between basic neurobiology and applied neuropsychology. A non-invasive method in the gerbil (Meriones unguiculus) - the restricted versus enriched breading and the systemically applied single methamphetamine dose - offers an experimental approach to investigate psychoses. Acts of intervening affirm an activity dependent malfunctional reorganization in the prefrontal cortex and in the hippocampal dentate gyrus and reveal the dopamine position as being critical for the disruption of interactions between the areas concerned. From the extent of plasticity effects the probability and risk of psycho-cognitive development may be derived. Advance may be expected from insights into regulatory mechanisms of neurogenesis in the hippocampal dentate gyrus which is obviously to meet the necessary requirements to promote psycho-cognitive functions/malfunctions via the limbo-prefrontal circuit.

Compartment-resolved imaging of activity dependent dynamics of cortical blood volume and oximetry

2005 ◽  
Vol 25 (1_suppl) ◽  
pp. S681-S681 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amiram Grinvald ◽  
Rina Hildesheim ◽  
Ivo Vanzetta
Keyword(s):  
Blood Volume ◽  
Activity Dependent
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