Early developmental stress negatively affects neuronal recruitment to avian song system nucleus HVC

2015 ◽  
Vol 76 (1) ◽  
pp. 107-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariam Honarmand ◽  
Christopher K. Thompson ◽  
Adriana Schatton ◽  
Silke Kipper ◽  
Constance Scharff
Keyword(s):  
Developmental Stress ◽  
Song System ◽  
Neuronal Recruitment ◽  
Avian Song ◽  
Early Developmental

scholarly journals Unilateral vocal nerve resection alters neurogenesis in the avian song system in a region-specific manner

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jake V. Aronowitz ◽  
Alice Perez ◽  
Christopher O’Brien ◽  
Siaresh Aziz ◽  
Erica Rodriguez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brain Regions ◽  
Motor Pathway ◽  
Neuron Survival ◽  
Song System ◽  
General Rules ◽  
Caudomedial Nidopallium ◽  
Area X ◽  
Side Dominance ◽  
Avian Song ◽  
Behavioral Feedback

AbstractNew neurons undergo a critical period soon after migration during which the behavior of the animal may result in the survival or culling of these cells. In the songbird song system, new neurons may be maintained in the song motor pathway with respect to motor progression toward a target song--during juvenile song learning, seasonal song restructuring, and experimentally manipulated song variability. However, it is not known whether the quality of song per se, without progressive improvement, may also influence new neuron survival. To test this idea, we experimentally altered song acoustic structure by unilateral denervation of the syrinx. We found no effect of aberrant song on numbers of new neurons in the HVC of the song motor pathway, a loss of left-side dominance in new neurons in the auditory region caudomedial nidopallium (NCM), and a bilateral decrease in new neurons in the basal ganglia nucleus Area X. We propose new neuron survival may be determined in response to behavioral feedback in accordance with the function of new neurons within a given brain region. Studying the effects of singing behaviors on new neurons across multiple brain regions that subserve singing may give rise to general rules underlying the regulation of new neuron survival across taxa and brain regions more broadly.

scholarly journals Adolescent Stress Confers Resilience to Traumatic Stress Later in Life: Role of the Prefrontal Cortex

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Evelin Cotella ◽  
Nawshaba Nawreen ◽  
Rachel Moloney ◽  
Susan Martelle ◽  
Kristen Oshima ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Pyramidal Neurons ◽  
Cortical Excitability ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Developmental Stress ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Adolescent Stress ◽  
Neuronal Recruitment ◽  
Patch Clamp Electrophysiology ◽  
And Behavior

Abstract: Background: Stress during adolescence is usually associated with psychopathology later in life. However, under certain circumstances, developmental stress can promote an adaptive phenotype, allowing individuals to cope better with adverse situations in adulthood, thereby contributing to resilience. Methods: Sprague Dawley rats (50 males, 48 females) were subjected to adolescent chronic variable stress (adol CVS) for 2-weeks at PND45. At PND 85, a group was subjected to single prolonged stress (SPS). After a week, animals were evaluated in an auditory-cued fear conditioning paradigm and neuronal recruitment during reinstatement was assessed by Fos expression. Patch clamp electrophysiology (17-35 cells/group) was performed in male rats to examine physiological changes associated with resilience. Results: Adol CVS blocked fear potentiation evoked by SPS. We observed that SPS impaired extinction (males) and enhanced reinstatement (both sexes) of the conditioned freezing response. Prior adol CVS prevented both effects. SPS effects were associated with a reduction of infralimbic (IL) cortex neuronal recruitment after reinstatement in males and increased engagement of the central amygdala in females, both also prevented by adol CVS, suggesting different neurocircuits involved in generating resilience between sexes. We explored the mechanism behind reduced IL recruitment by studying the intrinsic excitability of IL pyramidal neurons. SPS reduced excitability of IL neurons and prior adol CVS prevented this effect. Conclusion: Our data indicate that adolescent stress can impart resilience to the effects of traumatic stress on neuroplasticity and behavior. Our data provide a mechanistic link behind developmental stress induced behavioral resilience and prefrontal (IL) cortical excitability.

How does testosterone act to regulate a multifaceted adaptive response? Lessons from studies of the avian song system

2019 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gregory F. Ball ◽  
Farrah N. Madison ◽  
Jacques Balthazart ◽  
Beau A. Alward
Keyword(s):  
Adaptive Response ◽  
Song System ◽  
Avian Song

scholarly journals An introduction to birdsong and the avian song system

1997 ◽  
Vol 33 (5) ◽  
pp. 495-500 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eliot A. Brenowitz ◽  
Daniel Margoliash ◽  
Kathy W. Nordeen
Keyword(s):  
Song System ◽  
Avian Song

scholarly journals Parasites affect song complexity and neural development in a songbird

2005 ◽  
Vol 272 (1576) ◽  
pp. 2037-2043 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karen A Spencer ◽  
Katherine L Buchanan ◽  
Stefan Leitner ◽  
Arthur R Goldsmith ◽  
Clive K Catchpole
Keyword(s):  
Neural Development ◽  
Initial Growth ◽  
Developmental Stress ◽  
Plasmodium Relictum ◽  
Song Complexity ◽  
Underlying Basis ◽  
Song Control ◽  
Developmental Conditions ◽  
Early Developmental ◽  
The Brain

There is now considerable evidence that female choice drives the evolution of song complexity in many songbird species. However, the underlying basis for such choice remains controversial. The developmental stress hypothesis suggests that early developmental conditions can mediate adult song complexity by perturbing investment in the underlying brain nuclei during their initial growth. Here, we show that adult male canaries ( Serinus canaria ), infected with malaria ( Plasmodium relictum ) as juveniles, develop simpler songs as adults compared to uninfected individuals, and exhibit reduced development of the high vocal centre (HVC) song nucleus in the brain. Our results show how developmental stress not only affects the expression of a sexually selected male trait, but also the structure of the underlying song control pathway in the brain, providing a direct link between brain and behaviour. This novel experimental evidence tests both proximate and ultimate reasons for the evolution of complex songs and supports the Hamilton–Zuk hypothesis of parasite-mediated sexual selection. Together, these results propose how developmental costs may help to explain the evolution of honest advertising in the complex songs of birds.

Expression of the potassium-chloride co-transporter, KCC2, within the avian song system

2018 ◽  
Vol 526 (6) ◽  
pp. 944-956
Author(s):  
Christopher E. Vaaga ◽  
Kimberly E. Miller ◽  
Ágnes L. Bodor ◽  
David J. Perkel
Keyword(s):  
Potassium Chloride ◽  
Song System ◽  
Avian Song
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