scholarly journals Androgen sensitivity gateway to COVID ‐19 disease severity

2020 ◽  
Vol 81 (7) ◽  
pp. 771-776 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos Gustavo Wambier ◽  
Andy Goren ◽  
Sergio Vaño‐Galván ◽  
Paulo Müller Ramos ◽  
Angelina Ossimetha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Disease Severity ◽  
Androgen Sensitivity

scholarly journals Sex differences in COVID-19: the role of androgens in disease severity and progression

Endocrine ◽  
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed S. Mohamed ◽  
Thiago C. Moulin ◽  
Helgi B. Schiöth
Keyword(s):  
Disease Severity ◽  
Patient Outcomes ◽  
Receptor Gene ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Critical Factor ◽  
Androgen Receptor Gene ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Sensitivity Tests ◽  
Androgen Sensitivity

Abstract Purpose Throughout the SARS-CoV2 pandemic, multiple reports show higher percentages of hospitalization, morbidity, and mortality among men than women, indicating that men are more affected by COVID-19. The pathophysiology of this difference is yet not established, but recent studies suggest that sex hormones may influence the viral infectivity process. Here, we review the current evidence of androgen sensitivity as a decisive factor for COVID-19 disease severity. Methods Relevant literature investigating the role of androgens in COVID-19 was assessed. Further, we describe several drugs suggested as beneficial for COVID-19 treatment related to androgen pathways. Lastly, we looked at androgen sensitivity as a predictor for COVID-19 progression and ongoing clinical trials on androgen suppression therapies as a line of treatment. Results SARS-COV2 virus spike proteins utilize Transmembrane protease serine 2 (TMPRSS2) for host entry. Androgen receptors are transcription promoters for TMPRSS2 and can, therefore, facilitate SARS-COV2 entry. Variants in the androgen receptor gene correlate with androgen sensitivity and are implicated in diseases like androgenetic alopecia and prostate cancer, conditions that have been associated with worse COVID-19 outcomes and hospitalization. Conclusion Androgen’s TMPRSS2-mediated actions might explain both the low fatalities observed in prepubertal children and the differences between sexes regarding SARS-COV2 infection. Androgen sensitivity may be a critical factor in determining COVID-19 disease severity, and sensitivity tests can, therefore, help in predicting patient outcomes.

Vitamin D levels are not associated with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease severity in a Brazilian population

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Jeniffer Danielle M. Dutra ◽  
Quelson Coelho Lisboa ◽  
Silvia Marinho Ferolla ◽  
Carolina Martinelli M. L. Carvalho ◽  
Camila Costa M. Mendes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Disease Severity ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Hypovitaminosis D ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Vitamin D Levels ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Abstract. Some epidemiological evidence suggests an inverse correlation between non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) frequency and vitamin D levels. Likewise, a beneficial effect of vitamin D on diabetes mellitus (DM) and insulin resistance has been observed, but this is an unsolved issue. Thus, we aimed to investigate the prevalence of hypovitaminosis D in a NAFLD Brazilian population and its association with disease severity and presence of comorbidities. In a cross-sectional study, the clinical, biochemical and histological parameters of 139 NAFLD patients were evaluated according to two different cut-off points of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels (20 ng/mL and 30 ng/mL). The mean age of the population was 56 ± 16 years, most patients were female (83%), 72% had hypertension, 88% dyslipidemia, 46% DM, 98% central obesity, and 82% metabolic syndrome. Serum vitamin D levels were < 30 ng/mL in 78% of the patients, and < 20 ng/mL in 35%. The mean vitamin D level was 24.3 ± 6.8 ng/mL. The comparison between the clinical, biochemical and histological characteristics of the patients according to the levels of vitamin D showed no significant difference. Most patients with NAFLD had hypovitaminosis D, but low vitamin D levels were not related to disease severity and the presence of comorbidities.

Characterizing driving behaviors in multiple sclerosis: Cognition versus disease severity

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valerie D. Weisser ◽  
Kevin Manning ◽  
Allison Blasco ◽  
Nicole Sesitito ◽  
Jocelyn Ang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Disease Severity ◽  
Driving Behaviors
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