scholarly journals MRI biomarkers of small vessel disease and cognition: A cross‐sectional study of a cognitively normal Mexican American cohort

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Raul Vintimilla ◽  
James Hall ◽  
Kevin King ◽  
Meredith N. Braskie ◽  
Leigh Johnson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mexican American ◽  
Small Vessel Disease ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Small Vessel ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Cognitively Normal ◽  
Vessel Disease

scholarly journals Small Vessel Disease and Dietary Salt Intake: Cross-Sectional Study and Systematic Review

2017 ◽  
Vol 26 (12) ◽  
pp. 3020-3028 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen D.J. Makin ◽  
Ghaida F. Mubki ◽  
Fergus N. Doubal ◽  
Kirsten Shuler ◽  
Julie Staals ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Salt Intake ◽  
Small Vessel Disease ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Small Vessel ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Dietary Salt ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Dietary Salt Intake ◽  
Vessel Disease

scholarly journals Dietary Patterns Are Not Associated with Brain Atrophy or Cerebral Small Vessel Disease in Older Adults with and without Type 2 Diabetes

2019 ◽  
Vol 149 (10) ◽  
pp. 1805-1811 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fateme Zabetian-Targhi ◽  
Velandai K Srikanth ◽  
Kylie J Smith ◽  
Wendy H Oddy ◽  
Richard Beare ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Brain Structure ◽  
Small Vessel Disease ◽  
Brain Mri ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Vessel Disease

ABSTRACT Background Unhealthy dietary patterns (DPs) are associated with poorer cognition, but few studies have investigated the underlying brain structural mechanisms. Objective We aimed to examine the relations between DPs, brain structure, and cognition in older people with and without type 2 diabetes. Methods This cross-sectional study consisted of a sample of people with (n = 343) and without type 2 diabetes (n = 346) aged 55–90 y. The 80-item Cancer Council of Victoria FFQ was used to assess dietary intake. Two DPs (prudent and traditional) for people with type 2 diabetes and 3 DPs (prudent, traditional, and Western) for those without type 2 diabetes were derived using principal component analysis. Neuropsychological tests assessed 6 cognitive domains. Brain MRI was performed to obtain gray, white matter, and hippocampal volumes and markers of small vessel disease (microbleeds, infarcts, and white matter hyperintensities). Multivariable linear regression was used to assess the cross-sectional associations between DPs, brain MRI, and cognitive variables. Results For those without type 2 diabetes, higher adherence to the Western DP was associated with lower gray matter volume (β = −3.03 95% CI: −5.67, −0.38; P = 0.03). The addition of a cardiovascular risk score, mood, and physical activity weakened associations such that they were no longer significant (β = −1.97 (95% CI: −4.68, 0.74) P = 0.15) for the Western DP. There were no significant associations for the other DPs in people with and without type 2 diabetes. Conclusions In this cross-sectional study, DPs were not independently associated with brain structure in people with or without type 2 diabetes. Future prospective studies are needed to clarify the role of vascular risk factors on associations between DPs and brain health.

Increased Premature Cerebral Small Vessel Diseases in Dialysis Patients: A Retrospective Cross-Sectional Study

Nephron ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Ke Zheng ◽  
Yangzhong Zhou ◽  
Yujun Qian ◽  
Haiyun Wang ◽  
Fei Han ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Small Vessel Disease ◽  
Brain Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cerebrovascular Diseases ◽  
Normal Serum ◽  
Small Vessel ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Dialysis Patients ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Cerebral Small Vessel Diseases

<b><i>Background:</i></b> Growing data indicate a higher prevalence of cerebrovascular diseases in patients with ESRD. Cerebral small-vessel disease (CSVD) is an important risk factor of stroke and dementia. A comprehensive assessment of CSVD in a dialysis population is needed. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> In this retrospective cross-sectional study, we enrolled 179 dialysis patients and 351 controls matched by sex and age with normal serum creatinine. The presence and locations of 3 main features of CSVD in dialysis patients, including lacunes, cerebral microbleeds (CMBs), and white matter hyperintensities (WMHs), were evaluated with brain magnetic resonance imaging and compared with controls. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to identify risk factors. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Compared with controls, the prevalence of CSVD was significantly increased in dialysis patients (odds ratio [OR] 2.66, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.26–5.62). Among them, risks of CMBs and WMHs were increased in dialysis (OR 4.01, 95% CI 1.78–9.42; 3.91, 95% CI 1.67–9.15), except for lacunes. The age of subjects with CSVD detected was significantly younger in the dialysis group (<i>p</i> = 0.002). Unlike controls, basal ganglia were most affected by lacunes and CMBs in dialysis patients. In dialysis patients, multivariate analysis further revealed that aging, smoking, and hyperlipidemia were significantly associated with CSVD, while dialysis modality was not significant. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> We demonstrated a higher prevalence and early-onset tendency of CSVD in dialysis patients, especially for CMBs and WMHs. Dialysis patients showed different patterns and associated factors for CSVD.

scholarly journals Cross-sectional Study on MyocardialInfarction in Young Adults in an EmergencyDepartment of a Rural Tertiary Care Hospital, Davanagere,Karnataka, India

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
CH Karthik Reddy ◽  
Mahesh Krishnamurthy ◽  
Ashray Vasanthapuram ◽  
Girish Narayan ◽  
SS Narendra
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Vessel Disease

Introduction: The incidence of Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS) in the young has been increasing globally. Research in this population has been limited in developed countries or urban areas in developing countries. Identifying the various epidemiologic features in this age group is crucial to understand the disease. Aim: To describe the clinical characteristics of young adults presenting with ACS in a rural tertiary care hospital. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study included 50 patients diagnosed with ACS. Data were collected from consecutive patients between the ages of 18 to 45 years diagnosed with ACS between January 2014 to January 2015 in the Emergency Medicine Department of a tertiary care hospital in Davanagere, India. Data were collected on demographic characteristics, risk factors, laboratory tests, and angiographic findings. Range, mean and percentages were calculated for continuous and categorical variables, respectively. A 95% confidence intervals were calculated for all variables. Results: The mean age was 38.1±5.8 years with male preponderance 46 (92%). Risk factors were smoking 36 (72%), diabetes 17 (34%), hypertension 6 (12%) and Body Mass Index (BMI) >23 kg/m2, 36 (72%). Anterior Wall Myocardial Infarction (AWMI) was observed in 35 (70%) of subjects with angiography revealing Single Vessel Disease (SVD) 28 (56%), Double Vessel Disease (DVD) 5 (10%), Triple Vessel Disease (TVD) 3 (6%) and Myocardial Infarction with Non-Obstructive Coronary Artery Disease (MINOCA) 11 (22%). Three patients died during their course of treatment before initiating an interventional procedure. Conclusion: Smoking, diabetes mellitus and elevated BMI are associated with ACS among young patients. Interventions targeting these risk factors among younger individuals should be developed.

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