scholarly journals Interactive effects of PTSD and substance use on suicidal ideation and behavior in military personnel: Increased risk from marijuana use

2019 ◽  
Vol 36 (11) ◽  
pp. 1072-1079
Author(s):  
Nicholas P. Allan ◽  
Lisham Ashrafioun ◽  
Kateryna Kolnogorova ◽  
Amanda M. Raines ◽  
Charles W. Hoge ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
Military Personnel ◽  
Marijuana Use ◽  
Interactive Effects ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
And Behavior

scholarly journals Investigating Differential Protective Effects of Marriage on Substance Use by Sexual Identity Status

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 69-80
Author(s):  
Karen Trocki ◽  
Amy Mericle ◽  
Laurie A. Drabble ◽  
Jamie L. Klinger ◽  
Cindy B. Veldhuis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Sexual Identity ◽  
Sexual Minority ◽  
Sexual Minorities ◽  
Marijuana Use ◽  
Identity Status ◽  
Interactive Effects ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Minority Status ◽  
Increased Risk

Background: Research suggests that marriage is protective against substance use. However, few studies have examined whether this protective effect differs for sexual minorities, a population at increased risk for substance use. Using data from four waves of the cross-sectional U.S. National Alcohol Survey (NAS; 2000, 2005, 2010, and 2015), we investigated whether the protective effects of marriage varied by sexual identity. Methods: Sex-stratified logistic regression models were used to examine independent and interactive effects of current marital status (being married vs. not) and sexual minority status (lesbian/gay/bisexual vs. heterosexual) on high-intensity drinking, alcohol use disorder, and marijuana use in the past year. Results: Among both women and men, sexual minority status was generally associated with higher odds of these outcomes and marriage was consistently associated with lower odds. Differential effects of marriage by sexual identity with respect to marijuana use were found only among men; marriage was significantly associated with decreased odds of marijuana use among heterosexual men but increased odds among sexual minority men. Conclusions: Marriage may be less consistently protective against hazardous drinking and marijuana use among sexual minorities than heterosexuals. Findings underscore the importance of both quantitative and qualitative studies designed to better understand disparities in substance use across both sexual identity and relationship statuses.

scholarly journals Depressive symptoms carry an increased risk for suicidal ideation and behavior in bipolar disorder without any additional contribution of mixed symptoms

2019 ◽  
Vol 246 ◽  
pp. 775-782 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jess G. Fiedorowicz ◽  
Jane E. Persons ◽  
Shervin Assari ◽  
Michael J. Ostacher ◽  
Peter Zandi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
Additional Contribution ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
And Behavior

scholarly journals Suicidal ideation and behavior in adults with major depressive disorder treated with vortioxetine: post hoc pooled analyses of randomized, placebo-controlled, short-term and open-label, long-term extension trials

CNS Spectrums ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 352-362 ◽  
Author(s):  
Atul R. Mahableshwarkar ◽  
John Affinito ◽  
Elin Heldbo Reines ◽  
Judith Xu ◽  
George Nomikos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Major Depressive Disorder ◽  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Open Label ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Post Hoc

ObjectivesThis study aimed to evaluate the risk of suicidal ideation and behavior associated with vortioxetine treatment in adults with major depressive disorder (MDD).MethodsSuicide-related events were evaluated post hoc using 2 study pools: one short-term pool of 10 randomized, placebo-controlled studies (6–8 weeks) and another long-term pool that included 3 open-label extension studies (52 weeks). Evaluation of suicide-related events was performed using Columbia-Suicide Severity Rating Scale (C-SSRS) scores and treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs) data.ResultsAt baseline, the percentage of patients reporting any C-SSRS ideation or behavior events in short-term studies was similar between placebo (14.7%), vortioxetine (19.8%, 13.0%, 11.2%, and 13.7% for 5-, 10-, 15-, and 20-mg groups, respectively), and duloxetine active reference (13.2%) and did not change throughout the 6- to 8-week treatment period for placebo (17.0%), vortioxetine (19.3%, 13.5%, 12.6%, and 15% for 5-, 10-, 15-, and 20-mg groups, respectively), or duloxetine (11.3%). The incidence of suicide-related events for TEAEs in the short-term pool was 0.4% for placebo, 0.2% or 1.0% for vortioxetine 5 mg or 10 mg, and 0.7% each for vortioxetine 15 mg and 20 mg, as well as duloxetine. After 52-week treatment with vortioxetine, suicidal ideation based on C-SSRS was 9.8%, C-SSRS suicidal behavior was 0.2%, and the incidence of suicide-related events based on TEAEs was <1%. There were no completed suicides in any study.ConclusionsVortioxetine is not associated with increased risk of suicidal ideation or behavior in MDD patients.

scholarly journals Navigating the Pain and Suicide Conundrum

2020 ◽  
pp. 137-151
Author(s):  
Martin D. Cheatle ◽  
Simmie L. Foster ◽  
Nicole K. Y. Tang
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Chronic Pain ◽  
Substance Use ◽  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
Risk Mitigation ◽  
Intervention Strategies ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
And Behavior

Individuals who suffer from chronic pain typically experience a number of medical, social, and psychiatric comorbidities that greatly affect their quality of life. Patients with pain often experience depression and anxiety, and the prevalence of suicidal ideation and behavior is not inconsequential in this patient population. Suicide in patients with chronic pain has been a silent epidemic, but there is an emerging literature in this area. This chapter provides a review of the prevalence of suicide in both patients with pain and those with pain and substance use disorders, risk factors for suicide, possible mediators, assessment of risk for suicide, and risk mitigation and intervention strategies.

Profiles of Alcohol and Marijuana Use Among Simultaneous Alcohol and Marijuana Users: Individual Differences in Demographics and Substance Use

2020 ◽  
pp. 002204262097961
Author(s):  
Ashley N. Linden-Carmichael ◽  
Hannah K. Allen
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Emerging Adults ◽  
Latent Profile Analysis ◽  
Profile Analysis ◽  
Marijuana Use ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Use Patterns ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Problematic Substance ◽  
Use Behavior

Simultaneous alcohol and marijuana (SAM) use—or use of both substances with overlapping effects—is common among emerging adults and is linked to increased risk for problematic substance use outcomes. The current study identified subgroups of emerging adult SAM users based on their typical alcohol and marijuana use patterns and compared groups on key individual characteristics. Latent profile analysis uncovered four profiles of SAM users ( n = 522): Light Users (LU; 49.0%), Moderate Drinkers With Frequent Marijuana Use (MDFM; 37.9%), Moderate Drinkers With High Peak Levels (MDHP; 5.4%), and Heavy/Frequent Users (HFU; 7.7%). Group differences by demographic characteristics were found, with LU more likely to be college attendees/graduates than MDFM. In addition, HFU were more likely to be Greek-affiliated than both LU and MDFM. Groups also differed based on other drug use behavior and preferred route of marijuana administration. Findings demonstrate diversity among SAM users based on typical substance use patterns.

Suicide and Medical Aid in Dying

2021 ◽  
pp. 329-337
Author(s):  
Hayley Pessin ◽  
Elie Isenberg-Grzeda ◽  
Reena Jaiswal ◽  
Monique James
Keyword(s):  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
Assisted Death ◽  
Medically Ill ◽  
Medical Assistance In Dying ◽  
Patients With Cancer ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Aid In Dying ◽  
Hastened Death ◽  
Screening Assessment ◽  
And Behavior

Identification, assessment, and the clinical management of individuals at risk for suicide continue to be vital topics for clinicians working with cancer patients, as patients with cancer are at increased risk for suicidal ideation and behavior when compared to the general population and other medically ill populations. This chapter will describe suicidality in cancer, its prevalence rates, and risk factors, and will provide best practices and clinical guidelines for screening, assessment, and intervention with patients who express suicidal ideation or a desire for hastened death. The related constructs of medical assistance in dying (MAID), physician-assisted death (PAD), and euthanasia will be defined and discussed as well.

Trauma-Related Shame, Sexual Assault Severity, Thwarted Belongingness, and Perceived Burdensomeness Among Female Undergraduate Survivors of Sexual Assault

Crisis ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 134-140 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher R. DeCou ◽  
Stephanie P. Kaplan ◽  
Julie Spencer ◽  
Shannon M. Lynch
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
Sexual Assault ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Psychosocial Risk ◽  
Thwarted Belongingness ◽  
Female Undergraduate ◽  
Perceived Burdensomeness ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
And Behavior

Abstract. Background and Aim: This study evaluated trauma-related shame as a mediator of the association between sexual assault severity and perceived burdensomeness and thwarted belongingness. Method: A total of 164 female undergraduates who reported attempted or completed sexual assault completed self-report measures of sexual assault, trauma-related shame, perceived burdensomeness, and thwarted belongingness. Results: Using path analysis, trauma-related shame mediated the association between sexual assault severity and perceived burdensomeness, and between sexual assault severity and thwarted belongingness. Limitations: The findings of this study are limited by the retrospective, self-report, and cross-sectional nature of these data, and do not allow for causal inference. Conclusion: Trauma-related shame warrants additional investigation as a mechanism that explains the association between sexual assault and psychosocial risk factors for suicidal ideation and behavior.

Premilitary Suicide Attempts and Severity of Suicidal Ideation Among Military Personnel and Veterans

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bobbie N. Ray-Sannerud ◽  
Annabelle O. Bryan ◽  
Neysa Etienne ◽  
Chad E. Morrow
Keyword(s):  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
Military Personnel ◽  
Suicide Attempts
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