CHALLENGING THE MYTH OF AN “EPIDEMIC” OF COMMON MENTAL DISORDERS: TRENDS IN THE GLOBAL PREVALENCE OF ANXIETY AND DEPRESSION BETWEEN 1990 AND 2010

2014 ◽  
Vol 31 (6) ◽  
pp. 506-516 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amanda J. Baxter ◽  
Kate M. Scott ◽  
Alize J. Ferrari ◽  
Rosana E. Norman ◽  
Theo Vos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Common Mental Disorders ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Global Prevalence

The Influence of Social Factors on Common Mental Disorders

1990 ◽  
Vol 156 (5) ◽  
pp. 704-713 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Goldberg ◽  
Keith Bridges ◽  
Diane Cook ◽  
Barbara Evans ◽  
David Grayson
Keyword(s):  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Social Factors ◽  
Common Mental Disorders ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Symptom Dimensions ◽  
Personality Variables ◽  
Over Time

This study distinguishes between processes that cause individuals to experience symptoms – destabilisation – and those that are associated with loss of symptoms over time – restitution. It is shown that different clinical, social, and personality variables are associated with each of these processes. Where destabilisation is concerned, it is shown that different variables were associated with the development of symptoms of anxiety and those of depression. Different variables were associated with restitution, and they did not show the same relationship with the symptom dimensions of anxiety and depression as those which were associated with destabilisation.

Using five questions to screen for five common mental disorders in primary care: diagnostic accuracy of the Anxiety and Depression Detector

2006 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 108-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adrienne J. Means-Christensen ◽  
Cathy D. Sherbourne ◽  
Peter P. Roy-Byrne ◽  
Michelle G. Craske ◽  
Murray B. Stein
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Diagnostic Accuracy ◽  
Common Mental Disorders ◽  
Anxiety And Depression

CHOOSING AND USING SELF-HELP MATERIALS

2002 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 243-248 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chris Williams
Keyword(s):  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Common Mental Disorders ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Self Help ◽  
Number Of Factors ◽  
Effective Treatments

Self-help approaches are popular with patients and can be effective treatments for common mental disorders such as anxiety and depression (Gould & Clum, 1993; Marrs, 1995; Scogin, Bynum, Stephens, & Calhoon, 1990; and Cuijpers, 1997). In spite of this, it is clear that a number of factors should also influence us in how we choose and use self-help materials with our patients.

scholarly journals The association between involuntary subordination and common mental disorders among men who have sex with men (MSM) in Shanghai, China

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuxian Zhang ◽  
Suping Wang ◽  
Zezhou Wang ◽  
Ying Wang ◽  
Xueqin Jiang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Social Comparison ◽  
Common Mental Disorders ◽  
Univariate Analysis ◽  
Risk Groups ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Submissive Behavior ◽  
Sex With Men ◽  
Anxiety Depression

Abstract Background Involuntary subordination is a mechanism that switches off fighting behaviors when a losing organism is unable to continue in a struggle. The study aim was to investigate the association between involuntary subordination and the common mental disorders of anxiety and depression among men who have sex with men (MSM) in Shanghai, China. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted of 547 MSM in four Shanghai districts. Sociodemographic and psychosocial participant data were collected. Logistic regression was used to assess the association between anxiety, depression, and involuntary subordination. Results 12.2 and 30.9% Of the MSM demonstrated high levels of anxiety and depression respectively. Univariate analysis showed that involuntary subordination and the involuntary subordination constructs of defeat, social comparison, submissive behavior, and entrapment were associated with anxiety and depression. Multivariate analysis indicated that defeat (ORm = 1.091, 95% CI = 1.004–1.185) and entrapment (ORm = 1.174, 95% CI = 1.079–1.278) were significantly associated with anxiety. Defeat (ORm = 1.265, 95% CI = 1.166–1.372), social comparison (ORm = 1.119, 95% CI = 1.061–1.181), entrapment (ORm = 1.132, 95% CI = 1.047–1.224), and submissive behavior (ORm = 0.897, 95% CI = 0.825–0.975) were significantly associated with depression. Conclusions The findings confirmed an association between anxiety, depression, and involuntary subordination among MSM. These findings could form the basis of a new, integrated, and holistic approach to the identification of high-risk groups and the development of interventions for anxiety and depression among MSM.

Preliminary evaluation of a culturally adapted CBT-based online programme for depression and anxiety from a lower middle-income country

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Madeeha Latif ◽  
Falahat Awan ◽  
Mirrat Gul ◽  
M. Omair Husain ◽  
M. Ishrat Husain ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Randomized Controlled Trial ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Common Mental Disorders ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Self Help ◽  
Culturally Adapted

Abstract Online cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT), self-help and guided self-help (GSH) interventions have been found to be efficacious and cost-effective for treatment of anxiety and depression, but there are limited data from low- and middle-income countries on culturally adapted digital interventions for these common mental disorders. The aim of this study was to investigate the feasibility and acceptability of an online culturally adapted CBT-based guided self-help (CaCBT-GSH) for patients with anxiety and depression in Pakistan. This randomized controlled trial recruited 39 participants from primary care in Karachi, Pakistan and randomized them to two groups. The intervention group received seven modules of CaCBT-GSH plus treatment as usual (TAU) over 12 weeks. The control group was a waitlist control plus TAU. The primary outcomes were feasibility and acceptability. Clinical outcomes included results from the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) and the WHO Disability Assessment Schedule 2 (WHODAS 2). Assessments were carried out at baseline and at 12 weeks. All 39 individuals who met eligibility criteria for the study agreed to participate. Adherence to the intervention was excellent, with 85% (17/20) completing more than five modules. Statistically significant improvements were found in all clinical outcomes in the intervention group. This was the first trial of an online CaCBT-GSH intervention, which was found to be feasible and acceptable to Pakistani patients with anxiety and depression. CaCBT-GSH may help improve symptoms, depression, anxiety and overall functioning in this population. The results provide rationale for a larger, confirmatory randomized controlled trial of digital CaCBT-GSH. Key learning aims (1) Leveraging digital and virtual platforms to deliver psychosocial interventions may contribute to addressing the significant treatment gap in low-resource settings. (2) CBT-informed guided self-help is feasible and acceptable in the treatment of common mental disorders in Pakistan. (3) The results of this study merit a larger, appropriately powered confirmatory randomized controlled trial to determine clinical and cost effectiveness.

scholarly journals The global prevalence of common mental disorders: a systematic review and meta-analysis 1980–2013

2014 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 476-493 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zachary Steel ◽  
Claire Marnane ◽  
Changiz Iranpour ◽  
Tien Chey ◽  
John W Jackson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Common Mental Disorders ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Global Prevalence

A Dimensional Model for Common Mental Disorders

1996 ◽  
Vol 168 (S30) ◽  
pp. 44-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Goldberg
Keyword(s):  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Common Mental Disorders ◽  
Dimensional Space ◽  
Somatic Symptoms ◽  
Composite International Diagnostic Interview ◽  
Diagnostic Interview ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Dimensional Model ◽  
Homogeneous Groups ◽  
Third Dimension

Although categorical diagnoses are valued by clinicians and those wishing to collect homogeneous groups of patients for research projects, in the field of non-psychotic mental disorders they correspond poorly to actual clinical syndromes. Indeed, patients often satisfy several sets of categorical criteria simultaneously. A more parsimonious representation of symptomatology can be obtained by using a dimensional model for symptoms – with two correlated axes corresponding to anxiety and depression for ratings derived from the Present State Examination. The Composite International Diagnostic Interview is likely to produce a third dimension – somatic symptoms – because of a radically different symptom content. Preliminary data analysis indicates that the somatic symptoms dimension correlates with both anxiety and depression. Symptomatic individuals in particular areas of dimensional space will satisfy several criteria for categorical diagnoses, and thus display comorbidity. However, evidence that these disorders are distinct is far from persuasive, as they appear to share several common causes.

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