scholarly journals THE IMPACT OF STRESSFUL LIFE EVENTS ON RELAPSE OF GENERALIZED ANXIETY DISORDER

2012 ◽  
Vol 29 (5) ◽  
pp. 386-391 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer L. Francis ◽  
Ethan Moitra ◽  
Ingrid Dyck ◽  
Martin B. Keller
Keyword(s):  
Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Life Events ◽  
Generalized Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Stressful Life Events ◽  
Stressful Life ◽  
Generalized Anxiety ◽  
The Impact

The impact of generalized anxiety disorder and stressful life events on risk for major depressive episodes

2006 ◽  
Vol 36 (6) ◽  
pp. 789-795 ◽  
Author(s):  
JOHN M. HETTEMA ◽  
JONATHAN W. KUHN ◽  
CAROL A. PRESCOTT ◽  
KENNETH S. KENDLER
Keyword(s):  
Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Life Events ◽  
Generalized Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Stressful Life Events ◽  
Stressful Life ◽  
Generalized Anxiety ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Major Depressive Episodes ◽  
Depressive Episodes ◽  
The Impact

Background. Both generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) and stressful life events (SLEs) are established risk factors for major depressive disorder, but no studies exist that examine the interrelationship of their impact on depressive onsets. In this study, we sought to analyze the joint effects of prior history of GAD and recent SLEs on risk for major depressive episodes, comparing these in men and women.Method. In a population-based sample of 8068 adult twins, Cox proportional hazard models were used to predict onsets of major depression from reported prior GAD and last-year SLEs rated on long-term contextual threat.Results. For all levels of threat, prior GAD increases risk for depression, with a monotonic relationship between threat level and risk. While females without prior GAD consistently show higher depressive risk than males, this is no longer the case in subjects with prior GAD who have experienced SLEs. Rather, males appear to be more vulnerable to the depressogenic effects of both prior GAD and SLEs.Conclusion. The effects of prior GAD and SLEs jointly increase the risk of depression in both sexes, but disproportionately so in males.

Fatigue in a community sample of twins

2003 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 263-281 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. F. SULLIVAN ◽  
P. KOVALENKO ◽  
T. P. YORK ◽  
C. A. PRESCOTT ◽  
K. S. KENDLER
Keyword(s):  
Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Major Depression ◽  
Life Events ◽  
Generalized Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Latent Class ◽  
Stressful Life Events ◽  
Community Sample ◽  
Stressful Life ◽  
Generalized Anxiety ◽  
Addictive Disorders

Background. Fatigue is a complex symptom associated with many physiological, psychological and pathological processes. Its correlates and typology remain inadequately understood.Method. These data were from two large, longitudinal twin studies. Trained interviewers enquired as to the presence of a [ges ]5 day period in the previous year of fatigue or tiredness that interfered with daily activities. A range of potential correlates was assessed in a structured interview: demography; health beliefs; the presence of nine physical disorders; mood, anxiety and addictive disorders; neuroticism and extraversion; recollections of parental rearing; and nine stressful life events. Statistical analyses included logistic regression, CART, MARS, latent class analysis and univariate twin modelling.Results. Data were available for interfering fatigue (IF) on 7740 individual twins (prevalence 9·9% in the previous year). IF was significantly associated with 42 of 52 correlates (most strongly with major depression, generalized anxiety disorder, reported major health problems and neuroticism). Multivariate analyses demonstrated that IF is a highly complex construct with different sets of correlates in its subtypes. There were two broad clusters of correlates of IF: (a) major depression, generalized anxiety disorder and neuroticism; and (b) beliefs of ill health coexisting with alcoholism and stressful life events. Twin analyses were consistent with aetiological heterogeneity – genetic effects may be particularly important in women and shared environmental effects in men.Conclusions. IF is a complex and common human symptom that is highly heterogeneous. More precise understanding of the determinants of IF may lead to a fuller understanding of more extreme conditions like chronic fatigue syndrome.

scholarly journals Rumination predicts heightened responding to stressful life events in major depressive disorder and generalized anxiety disorder.

2015 ◽  
Vol 124 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayelet Meron Ruscio ◽  
Emily L. Gentes ◽  
Jason D. Jones ◽  
Lauren S. Hallion ◽  
Elizabeth S. Coleman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Major Depressive Disorder ◽  
Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Life Events ◽  
Generalized Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Stressful Life Events ◽  
Stressful Life ◽  
Generalized Anxiety ◽  
Major Depressive

scholarly journals Longitudinal investigation of the role of temperament and stressful life events in childhood anxiety

2014 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 437-449 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suzanne Broeren ◽  
Carol Newall ◽  
Helen F. Dodd ◽  
Ruth Locker ◽  
Jennifer L. Hudson
Keyword(s):  
Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Life Events ◽  
Stressful Life Events ◽  
Negative Life Events ◽  
Childhood Anxiety ◽  
Diagnostic Interview ◽  
Anxiety Symptoms ◽  
Positive Behavior ◽  
Stressful Life ◽  
The Impact

AbstractThe current study investigated the longitudinal relationships among behavioral inhibition (BI), life events, and anxiety in a sample of 102 BI children and 100 behaviorally uninhibited (BUI) children aged 3 to 4 years. Children's parents completed questionnaires on BI, stressful life events, and anxiety symptoms, and were administered a diagnostic interview three times in a 5-year period. In line with our hypotheses, negative life events, particularly negative behavior-dependent life events (i.e., life events that are related to the children's own behaviors), and the impact of negative life events were predictive of increases in subsequent anxiety symptoms, the likelihood of having an anxiety disorder, and increased number of anxiety diagnoses over the 5-year follow-up period. Experiencing more positive, behavior-independent life events decreased the risk of being diagnosed with an anxiety disorder. Furthermore, differences were found in life events between BI and BUI children. That is, BI children experienced fewer positive and specifically positive behavior-dependent life events, and the impact of these positive life events was also lower in BI children than in BUI children. However, BI did not interact with life events in the prediction of anxiety problems as hypothesized. Therefore, this study seems to indicate that BI and life events act as additive risk factors in the development of anxiety problems.

The Impact of Stressful Life Events and Social Support on Drinking among Older Adults: A General Population Survey

1992 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 99-123 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karen M. Jennison
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Life Events ◽  
Stressful Life Events ◽  
Prolonged Exposure ◽  
Drinking Behavior ◽  
National Sample ◽  
Stressful Life ◽  
Stress Buffering ◽  
The Impact

This article is an analysis of stressful life events, the buffering hypothesis, and alcohol use in a national sample of 1,418 respondents 60 years of age and over. The results indicate that older adults who experience stressful losses are significantly more likely to drink excessively than those who have not experienced such losses or who have experienced them to a lesser extent. Increased drinking among older adults may therefore be a reaction to life circumstances in which alcohol represents an attempt to cope with traumatic loss, personal as well as within the kinship network. Supportive resources of spouse, family, friends, and church appear to have a stress-buffering effects that reduces the excessive-drinking response to life crisis. Data suggest, however, that older persons are vulnerable to the magnitude of losses experienced as they grow older and lose more of their family, friends, and peers. These stressors appear to seriously impact their drinking behavior and are not effectively buffered. Respondents report that drinking may increase during periods of prolonged exposure to emotionally depleting life change and loss, when supportive needs may exceed the capacities of personal and social support resources.

scholarly journals Cognitive functions in young adults with generalized anxiety disorder

2018 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kiara Leonard ◽  
Amitai Abramovitch
Keyword(s):  
Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Cognitive Load ◽  
Generalized Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Cognitive Functions ◽  
Theoretical Models ◽  
Generalized Anxiety ◽  
Neuropsychological Battery ◽  
Compensatory Mechanisms ◽  
Neuropsychological Profile ◽  
The Impact

AbstractBackground:Anxiety and worry are central symptoms of Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD) that have been theorized to negatively impact cognitive functions. However, most of the research has focused on threat-related or emotionally-charged stimuli, and a surprisingly small number of investigations examined ‘cold’ cognitive functions using classic neuropsychological tests. Such investigations are particularly important given that some theoretical models suggest compensatory mechanisms associated with anxiety that in certain circumstances may result in intact performance. The aim of the present study is to assess the neuropsychological profile associated with GAD, using a comprehensive neuropsychological battery.Methods:A sample of 23 college students meeting criteria for DSM-5 GAD and 20 control participants completed a psychometrically valid comprehensive computerized neuropsychological battery and clinical questionnaires.Results:The GAD sample presented with significantly elevated symptomatic rates of anxiety, worry, depression and stress. However, no significant differences were found on any neuropsychological outcome measures or domain indexes. Effect sizes were small, some of which favored the GAD sample.Conclusion:Despite substantial psychopathological burden, GAD exhibited intact cognitive functioning. These results support the Cognitive Control Theory of Anxiety, suggesting that elevated primary anxiety may not impact ‘cold’ cognitive functions in the absence of threat or substantial cognitive load. Given that this is one of the only studies employing a comprehensive neuropsychological battery in GAD, more research is needed in this population to replicate these results and to examine the impact of anxiety on cognitive functions at varying degrees of cognitive load in this population.

scholarly journals The Impact of Stressful Life Events on Excessive Alcohol Consumption in the French Population: Findings from the GAZEL Cohort Study

PLoS ONE ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. e87653 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara L. Tamers ◽  
Cassandra Okechukwu ◽  
Alex A. Bohl ◽  
Alice Guéguen ◽  
Marcel Goldberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Life Events ◽  
Stressful Life Events ◽  
Stressful Life ◽  
French Population ◽  
Excessive Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Excessive Alcohol ◽  
The Impact
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