Childhood history of anxiety disorders among adults with social phobia: Rates, correlates, and comparisons with patients with panic disorder

2001 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 209-213 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael W. Otto ◽  
Mark H. Pollack ◽  
Kristin M. Maki ◽  
Robert A. Gould ◽  
John J. Worthington ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Panic Disorder ◽  
Anxiety Disorders ◽  
Social Phobia ◽  
History Of

Treatment of Anxiety Disorders in a Psychology Clinic

2015 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francisco J. Labrador ◽  
Francisco J. Estupiñá ◽  
Mónica Bernaldo-de-Quirós ◽  
Ignacio Fernández-Arias ◽  
Pablo Alonso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Panic Disorder ◽  
Anxiety Disorders ◽  
Social Phobia ◽  
Average Cost ◽  
Average Duration ◽  
College Education ◽  
Cost Of Treatment ◽  
Empirically Supported ◽  
Not Otherwise Specified

AbstractPeople with anxiety disorders demand psychological attention most often. Therefore, it seems important to identify both the characteristics of the patients who demand help and the clinical variables related to that demand and its treatment. A cohort of 292 patients who requested help at a university clinical facility was studied. The typical profile of the patient was: being female, young, unmarried, with some college education, and having previously received treatment, especially pharmacological one. The three most frequent diagnoses of anxiety, which include 50% of the cases, were: Anxiety Disorder not otherwise specified, Social Phobia, and Panic Disorder with Agoraphobia. Regarding the characteristics of the intervention, the average duration of the assessment was 3.5 sessions (SD = 1.2), and the duration of the treatment was 14 sessions (SD = 11.2). The percentage of discharges was 70.2%. The average cost of treatment was around €840. The results are discussed, underlining the value of empirically supported treatments for anxiety disorders.

Genetics of Fear and Anxiety Disorders

1986 ◽  
Vol 149 (4) ◽  
pp. 406-418 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. M. Marks
Keyword(s):  
Panic Disorder ◽  
Anxiety Disorders ◽  
Defensive Behaviour ◽  
Biological Functions ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Familial Influences ◽  
History Of ◽  
Normal Human ◽  
Fear And Anxiety ◽  
Genetically Determined

From protozoa to mammals, organisms have been selectively bred for genetic differences in defensive behaviour which are accompanied by differences in brain and other biological functions. Studies of twins indicate some genetic control of normal human fear from infancy onwards, of anxiety as a symptom and as a syndrome, and of phobic and obsessive- compulsive phenomena. Anxiety disorders are more common among the relatives of affected probands than of controls, especially among female and first-degree relatives; alcoholism and secondary depression may also be over-represented. Familial influences have been found for panic disorder, agoraphobia, and obsessive-compulsive problems. Panic disorder in depressed probands increases the risk to their relatives of phobia as well as of panic disorder, major depression, and alcoholism. The strongest family history of all anxiety disorders is seen in blood-injury phobia; even though it can be successfully treated by exposure, its roots may lie in a genetically determined specific autonomic susceptibility. Some genetic effects can be modified by environmental means.

Plasma neuropeptide Y in anxiety disorders: findings in panic disorder and social phobia

1996 ◽  
Vol 59 (3) ◽  
pp. 183-188 ◽  
Author(s):  
Murray B Stein ◽  
Richard L Hauger ◽  
Ken S Dhalla ◽  
Mariette J Chartier ◽  
Gordon J.G Asmundson
Keyword(s):  
Panic Disorder ◽  
Anxiety Disorders ◽  
Social Phobia ◽  
Neuropeptide Y

scholarly journals Relationship between adult social phobia and childhood anxiety

2003 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 96-99 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gisele Gus Manfro ◽  
Luciano Isolan ◽  
Carolina Blaya ◽  
Sandra Maltz ◽  
Elizeth Heldt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Family History ◽  
Anxiety Disorders ◽  
Social Phobia ◽  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Childhood Anxiety ◽  
Adult Patients ◽  
Childhood Anxiety Disorders ◽  
History Of

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of traumas and the presence of childhood anxiety disorders in adult patients with social phobia and investigate their influence on the presentation of the disorder. METHODS: Twenty-four adult patients with social phobia were asked about the presence of trauma before the age of 16. The K-SADS-E and the DICA-P interviews were used to assess these patients regarding childhood anxiety disorders. RESULTS: Twelve (50%) patients reported a history of trauma before the age of 16. The presence of trauma did not influence the presentation of the disorder. Seventy-five percent of patients had a history of anxiety disorders in childhood. Patients with a history of at least 2 childhood anxiety disorders had an increased lifetime prevalence of major depression (10 vs. 3; p=.04) and family history of psychiatric disorders (13 vs. 6; p=.02). CONCLUSION: Anxiety disorder in childhood is associated with family history of psychiatric disorders. The presence of more than one diagnosis of anxiety disorder in childhood can be considered a risk factor for the development of depression in adult patients with social phobia.

HISTORY OF CHILDHOOD ABUSE IN PANIC DISORDER, SOCIAL PHOBIA, AND GENERALIZED ANXIETY DISORDER

2002 ◽  
Vol 190 (7) ◽  
pp. 453-456 ◽  
Author(s):  
STEVEN A. SAFREN ◽  
BETH S. GERSHUNY ◽  
PATRICIA MARZOL ◽  
MICHAEL W. OTTO ◽  
MARK H. POLLACK
Keyword(s):  
Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Panic Disorder ◽  
Social Phobia ◽  
Childhood Abuse ◽  
Generalized Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Generalized Anxiety ◽  
History Of Childhood ◽  
History Of

Improving the Recognition of Anxiety Disorders in Depressed Patients

CNS Spectrums ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 11 (S1) ◽  
pp. 2-4
Author(s):  
Iwona Chelminski
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care ◽  
Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Panic Disorder ◽  
Anxiety Disorders ◽  
Panic Attacks ◽  
Depressed Patients ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
History Of ◽  
Primary Care Patients

There is considerable symptom overlap and high levels of comorbidity between anxiety disorders and depression. The recognition of this comorbidity has both academic interest and clinical significance. Epidemiological studies have demonstrated that depressed individuals with a history of anxiety disorders are at increased risk for hospitalization, suicide attempt, and greater impairment from the depression. These individuals also tend to have a more chronic course of depression, as observed in psychiatric patients, primary care patients, and epidemiological samples. Van Valkenberg and colleagues reported that depressed patients with anxiety had poorer outcome and greater psychosocial impairment than those without an anxiety disorder. In the National Institute of Mental Health Collaborative Depression Study, the presence of panic attacks predicted a lower rate of recovery during the first 2 years of the follow-up interval. Similarly, Grunhaus found poorer outcome in depressed patients with comorbid panic disorder than in depressed patients without panic. In an 8-month follow-up study, depressed primary care patients with a history of generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) or panic disorder were less likely to have recovered from their depressive episode.Gaynes and colleagues prospectively followed primary care patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) every 3 months for 1 year after their initial diagnostic evaluation. At baseline, half of the original 85 patients had a coexisting anxiety disorder, the most frequent being social phobia (n=38). Twelve months after intake, 68 of the patients were available for the final interview. Those with a comorbid anxiety disorder were significantly more likely to still be in an episode of depression (82% vs 57%; risk ratio=1.44; 95% CI 1.02-2.04), and they experienced more disability days during the course of the 12 months than the depressed patients without an anxiety disorder (67.1 days vs 27.5 days).

Lifetime prevalence of depression and family history of patients with panic disorder and social phobia

1993 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 147-152 ◽  
Author(s):  
L Bellodi ◽  
M Battaglia ◽  
G Diaferia ◽  
A Draisci ◽  
G Sciuto
Keyword(s):  
Family History ◽  
Major Depression ◽  
Panic Disorder ◽  
Social Phobia ◽  
Lifetime Prevalence ◽  
Prevalence Of Depression ◽  
History Of ◽  
Lifetime Diagnosis ◽  
A Current

SummaryWe assessed the lifetime prevalence of major depression in a sample of 145 patients with a current diagnosis of panic disorder and/or social phobia. The prevalenee tended to be higher in patients with both diagnoses. Patients with panic disorder and social phobia had an earlier onset of the former condition. Familial rates of panic were higher in patients with pure panic disorder, and the rate of depression was increased in relatives of probands who had a lifetime diagnosis of depression.

Safety-Seeking Behaviours: Fact or Function? How Can We Clinically Differentiate Between Safety Behaviours and Adaptive Coping Strategies Across Anxiety Disorders?

2005 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 177-188 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Thwaites ◽  
Mark H. Freeston
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Panic Disorder ◽  
Anxiety Disorders ◽  
Social Phobia ◽  
Coping Strategies ◽  
Adaptive Coping ◽  
Specific Context ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Difficult Issue

Safety-seeking behaviours are seen as playing a key role in the maintenance of various anxiety disorders. This article examines their role in panic disorder and social phobia and suggests that, whilst there are clear theoretical differences between safety-seeking behaviours and adaptive coping strategies, the difficult issue in clinical practice is being able to distinguish between the two. It builds on previous work by Salkovskis and colleagues and provides a detailed discussion of the problems in distinguishing between safety-seeking behaviours (direct avoidance, escape and subtle avoidance) and adaptive coping strategies in clinical practice. The suggestion is made that topology can only be a guide to categorizing the two types of responses and they can only be fully distinguished by taking into account the intention of the individual and their perceived function to that individual in the specific context. It is suggested that further analysis of the use of safety-seeking behaviours aimed at avoiding a variety of outcomes at differing levels of catastrophe may provide useful information that would clarify our understanding of the role of such behaviours in maintaining anxiety disorders.

Self-Schemas in Social Phobia and Panic Disorder

1999 ◽  
Vol 84 (3) ◽  
pp. 843-854 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan K. van Niekerk ◽  
André T. Möller ◽  
Charl Nortje
Keyword(s):  
Panic Disorder ◽  
Anxiety Disorders ◽  
Social Phobia ◽  
Cognitive Theory ◽  
Naming Task ◽  
Color Naming ◽  
The Self ◽  
Modified Stroop ◽  
Physical Threat ◽  
Naming Latencies

A modified Stroop color-naming task was used to investigate whether social phobia and panic disorder are associated with a hypervigilance to social and physical threat-related cues, respectively, as predicted by Beck's cognitive theory of anxiety disorders. Color-naming latencies of 13 individuals with social phobia and 15 with panic disorder for words representing social and physical threats, respectively, were compared to matched neutral control words. The results did not support the hypothesis that the self-schemas of individuals with panic disorder are hypersensitive to information association with physical threat and that persons with social phobia are overly concerned with social threat.

Impact of Childhood Trauma on the Course of Panic Disorder

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. S69-S69
Author(s):  
M. De Venter ◽  
F. Van Den Eede ◽  
T. Pattyn ◽  
K. Wouters ◽  
D. Veltman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Panic Disorder ◽  
Anxiety Disorders ◽  
Social Phobia ◽  
Childhood Trauma ◽  
Clinical Course ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Diagnostic Interview ◽  
Anxiety Symptoms ◽  
The Impact

ObjectiveTo investigate the impact of childhood trauma on the clinical course of panic disorder.MethodLongitudinal data of 539 participants with a current panic disorder were collected from the Netherlands Study of Depression and Anxiety (NESDA). Childhood trauma was assessed with a structured interview and clinical course after two years with a DSM-IV-based diagnostic interview and the Life Chart Interview.ResultsAt baseline, 56.3% reported childhood trauma, but this was not predictive of persistence of panic disorder. Emotional neglect and psychological abuse were associated with higher occurrence of anxiety disorders other than panic disorder (social phobia) and with higher chronicity of general anxiety symptoms (anxiety attacks or episodes and avoidance). Baseline clinical features (duration and severity of anxiety and depressive symptoms) and personality traits (neuroticism and extraversion) accounted for roughly 30 to 60% of the total effect of childhood trauma on chronicity of anxiety symptoms and on occurrence of other anxiety disorders.ConclusionAfter two years, childhood trauma is associated with chronicity of anxiety symptoms and occurrence of social phobia, rather than persistence of panic disorder. These relationships are partially accounted for by duration and severity of anxiety and depressive symptoms, and neuroticism and extraversion.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

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