scholarly journals Novel aspects of live intestinal epithelial cell function revealed using a custom time‐lapse video microscopy apparatus

2018 ◽  
Vol 93 (4) ◽  
pp. 464-471
Author(s):  
Michael Papetti ◽  
Piotr Kozlowski
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial Cell ◽  
Intestinal Epithelial Cell ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
Time Lapse ◽  
Video Microscopy ◽  
Intestinal Epithelial ◽  
Time Lapse Video

scholarly journals Translocation of verotoxin-1 across T84 monolayers: mechanism of bacterial toxin penetration of epithelium

1997 ◽  
Vol 273 (6) ◽  
pp. G1349-G1358 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dana J. Philpott ◽  
Cameron A. Ackerley ◽  
Amanda J. Kiliaan ◽  
Mohamed A. Karmali ◽  
Mary H. Perdue ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial Cell ◽  
Barrier Function ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Intestinal Epithelial Cell ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
Bacterial Toxin ◽  
General Mechanism ◽  
Epithelial Cell Line ◽  
Intestinal Epithelial ◽  
T84 Cells

Verotoxin-producing Escherichia coli (VTEC) are pathogenic bacteria associated with diarrhea, hemorrhagic colitis, and hemolytic uremic syndrome. Verotoxins (VTs) elaborated by these organisms produce cytopathic effects on a restricted number of cell types, including endothelial cells lining the microvasculature of the bowel and the kidney. Because human intestinal epithelial cells lack the globotriaosylceramide receptor for VT binding, it is unclear how the toxin moves across the intestinal mucosa to the systemic circulation. The aims of this study were to determine the effects of VT-1 on intestinal epithelial cell function and to characterize VT-1 translocation across monolayers of T84 cells, an intestinal epithelial cell line. VT-1 at concentrations up to 1 μg/ml had no effect on the barrier function of T84 monolayers as assessed by measuring transmonolayer electrical resistance (102 ± 8% of control monolayers). In contrast, both VT-positive and VT-negative VTEC bacterial strains lowered T84 transmonolayer resistance (45 ± 7 and 38 ± 6% of controls, respectively). Comparable amounts of toxin moved across monolayers of T84 cells, exhibiting high-resistance values, as monolayers with VTEC-induced decreases in barrier function, suggesting a transcellular mode of transport. Translocation of VT-1 across T84 monolayers paralleled the movement of a comparably sized protein, horseradish peroxidase. Immunoelectron microscopy confirmed transcellular transport of VT-1, since the toxin was observed within endosomes and associated with specific intracellular targets, including the Golgi network and endoplasmic reticulum. These data present a mode of VT-1 uptake by toxin-insensitive cells and suggest a general mechanism by which bacterial toxins lacking specific intestinal receptors can penetrate the intestinal epithelial barrier.

Activin a modulates intestinal epithelial cell function in vitro

2000 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. A19
Author(s):  
S. Jung ◽  
K.M. Schulte ◽  
B. Wiedenmann ◽  
A.U. Dignass
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial Cell ◽  
Intestinal Epithelial Cell ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
Activin A ◽  
Intestinal Epithelial

Lysophosphatidic Acid Modulates Intestinal Epithelial Cell Function in Vitro

1998 ◽  
Vol 859 (1 INTESTINAL PL) ◽  
pp. 223-226 ◽  
Author(s):  
ANDREAS STURM ◽  
ANDREA BECKER ◽  
KLAUS-MARTIN SCHULTE ◽  
HARALD GOEBELL ◽  
AXEL U. DIGNASS
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial Cell ◽  
Lysophosphatidic Acid ◽  
Intestinal Epithelial Cell ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
Intestinal Epithelial

scholarly journals Role of STAT6 and Mast Cells in IL-4- and IL-13-Induced Alterations in Murine Intestinal Epithelial Cell Function

2002 ◽  
Vol 169 (8) ◽  
pp. 4417-4422 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathleen B. Madden ◽  
Lucia Whitman ◽  
Carolyn Sullivan ◽  
William C. Gause ◽  
Joseph F. Urban ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mast Cells ◽  
Epithelial Cell ◽  
Intestinal Epithelial Cell ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
Intestinal Epithelial

scholarly journals FOXA2 regulates a network of genes involved in critical functions of human intestinal epithelial cells

2015 ◽  
Vol 47 (7) ◽  
pp. 290-297 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nehal Gosalia ◽  
Rui Yang ◽  
Jenny L. Kerschner ◽  
Ann Harris
Keyword(s):  
Transcription Factors ◽  
Epithelial Cell ◽  
Binding Sites ◽  
Intestinal Epithelial Cell ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Intestinal Epithelial ◽  
Membrane Function ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Genome Wide

The forkhead box A (FOXA) family of pioneer transcription factors is critical for the development of many endoderm-derived tissues. Their importance in regulating biological processes in the lung and liver is extensively characterized, though much less is known about their role in intestine. Here we investigate the contribution of FOXA2 to coordinating intestinal epithelial cell function using postconfluent Caco2 cells, differentiated into an enterocyte-like model. FOXA2 binding sites genome-wide were determined by ChIP-seq and direct targets of the factor were validated by ChIP-qPCR and siRNA-mediated depletion of FOXA1/2 followed by RT-qPCR. Peaks of FOXA2 occupancy were frequent at loci contributing to gene ontology pathways of regulation of cell migration, cell motion, and plasma membrane function. Depletion of both FOXA1 and FOXA2 led to a significant reduction in the expression of multiple transmembrane proteins including ion channels and transporters, which form a network that is essential for maintaining normal ion and solute transport. One of the targets was the adenosine A2B receptor, and reduced receptor mRNA levels were associated with a functional decrease in intracellular cyclic AMP. We also observed that 30% of FOXA2 binding sites contained a GATA motif and that FOXA1/A2 depletion reduced GATA-4, but not GATA-6 protein levels. These data show that FOXA2 plays a pivotal role in regulating intestinal epithelial cell function. Moreover, that the FOXA and GATA families of transcription factors may work cooperatively to regulate gene expression genome-wide in the intestinal epithelium.

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