scholarly journals The Large Hadron Collider and the Super Proton Synchrotron at CERN as tools to Generate Warm Dense Matter and Non-Ideal Plasmas

2011 ◽  
Vol 51 (4) ◽  
pp. 299-308 ◽  
Author(s):  
N.A. Tahir ◽  
R. Schmidt ◽  
A. Shutov ◽  
I.V. Lomonosov ◽  
V. Gryaznov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Hadron Collider ◽  
Hadron Collider ◽  
Dense Matter ◽  
Proton Synchrotron ◽  
Warm Dense Matter ◽  
Super Proton Synchrotron

scholarly journals A Review onϕMeson Production in Heavy-Ion Collision

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md. Nasim ◽  
Vipul Bairathi ◽  
Mukesh Kumar Sharma ◽  
Bedangadas Mohanty ◽  
Anju Bhasin
Keyword(s):  
Hadron Collider ◽  
Center Of Mass ◽  
Meson Production ◽  
Dense Matter ◽  
Heavy Ion ◽  
Experimental Program ◽  
Proton Synchrotron ◽  
Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider ◽  
Super Proton Synchrotron ◽  
Strangeness Enhancement

The main aim of the relativistic heavy-ion experiment is to create extremely hot and dense matter and study the QCD phase structure. With this motivation, experimental program started in the early 1990s at the Brookhaven Alternating Gradient Synchrotron (AGS) and the CERN Super Proton Synchrotron (SPS) followed by Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) at Brookhaven and recently at Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at CERN. These experiments allowed us to study the QCD matter from center-of-mass energies (sNN) 4.75 GeV to 2.76 TeV. Theϕmeson, due to its unique properties, is considered as a good probe to study the QCD matter created in relativistic collisions. In this paper we present a review on the measurements ofϕmeson production in heavy-ion experiments. Mainly, we discuss the energy dependence ofϕmeson invariant yield and the production mechanism, strangeness enhancement, parton energy loss, and partonic collectivity in nucleus-nucleus collisions. Effect of later stage hadronic rescattering on elliptic flow (v2) of proton is also discussed relative to corresponding effect onϕmesonv2.

scholarly journals Generation of warm dense matter and strongly coupled plasmas using the High Radiation on Materials facility at the CERN Super Proton Synchrotron

2009 ◽  
Vol 16 (8) ◽  
pp. 082703 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naeem A. Tahir ◽  
Ruediger Schmidt ◽  
Markus Brugger ◽  
Ralph Assmann ◽  
Alexander Shutov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dense Matter ◽  
Proton Synchrotron ◽  
High Radiation ◽  
Warm Dense Matter ◽  
Super Proton Synchrotron ◽  
Strongly Coupled ◽  
Strongly Coupled Plasmas ◽  
Coupled Plasmas

scholarly journals Prospects of high energy density physics research using the CERN super proton synchrotron (SPS)

2007 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 639-647 ◽  
Author(s):  
N.A. Tahir ◽  
R. Schmidt ◽  
M. Brugger ◽  
I.V. Lomonosov ◽  
A. Shutov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Density ◽  
Large Hadron Collider ◽  
Hadron Collider ◽  
High Energy ◽  
High Energy Density ◽  
Proton Synchrotron ◽  
Fixed Target ◽  
Super Proton Synchrotron ◽  
Fixed Target Experiments ◽  
Hydrodynamic Response

AbstractThe Super Proton Synchrotron (SPS) will serve as an injector to the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at CERN as well as it is used to accelerate and extract proton beams for fixed target experiments. In either case, safety of operation is a very important issue that needs to be carefully addressed. This paper presents detailed numerical simulations of the thermodynamic and hydrodynamic response of solid targets made of copper and tungsten that experience impact of a full SPS beam comprized of 288 bunches of 450 GeV/c protons. These simulations have shown that the material will be seriously damaged if such an accident happens. An interesting outcome of this work is that the SPS can be used to carry out dedicated experiments to study High Energy Density (HED) states in matter.

scholarly journals Study of energy response and resolution of the ATLAS Tile Calorimeter to hadrons of energies from 16 to 30 GeV

2021 ◽  
Vol 81 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jalal Abdallah ◽  
Stylianos Angelidakis ◽  
Giorgi Arabidze ◽  
Nikolay Atanov ◽  
Johannes Bernhard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Hadron Collider ◽  
Hadron Collider ◽  
Simulated Data ◽  
Simulation Program ◽  
Proton Synchrotron ◽  
Energy Response ◽  
Super Proton Synchrotron ◽  
Proton Proton

AbstractThree spare modules of the ATLAS Tile Calorimeter were exposed to test beams from the Super Proton Synchrotron accelerator at CERN in 2017. The detector’s measurements of the energy response and resolution to positive pions and kaons, and protons with energies ranging from 16 to 30 GeV are reported. The results have uncertainties of a few percent. They were compared to the predictions of the Geant4-based simulation program used in ATLAS to estimate the response of the detector to proton-proton events at the Large Hadron Collider. The determinations obtained using experimental and simulated data agree within the uncertainties.

scholarly journals The `quasi-mosaic' effect in crystals and its applications in modern physics

2015 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 977-989 ◽  
Author(s):  
Riccardo Camattari ◽  
Vincenzo Guidi ◽  
Valerio Bellucci ◽  
Andrea Mazzolari
Keyword(s):  
Hadron Collider ◽  
Proton Synchrotron ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Super Proton Synchrotron ◽  
Charged Particle Beams ◽  
Modern Physics ◽  
Volume Reflection ◽  
Comprehensive Survey ◽  
Γ Rays ◽  
Crystallographic Planes

`Quasi-mosaicity' is an effect of anisotropy in crystals that permits one to obtain a curvature of internal crystallographic planes that would be flat otherwise. The term `quasi-mosaicity' was introduced by O. Sumbaev in 1957. The concept of `quasi-mosaicity' was then retrieved about ten years ago and was applied to steering of charged-particle beams at the Super Proton Synchrotron at CERN. Beams were deviated by exploiting channeling and volume reflection phenomena in curved crystals that show the `quasi-mosaic' effect. More recently, a crystal of this kind was installed in the Large Hadron Collider at CERN for beam collimation by the UA9 collaboration. Since 2011, another important application involving the `quasi-mosaic' effect has been the focalization of hard X-rays and soft γ-rays. In particular, the possibility of obtaining both high diffraction efficiency and the focalization of a diffracted beam has been proved, which cannot be obtained using traditional diffracting crystals. A comprehensive survey of the physical properties of `quasi-mosaicity' is reported here. Finally, experimental demonstrations for adjustable values of the `quasi-mosaic' curvature are provided.

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