Polyvinylidene Fluoride/Siloxane Nanofibrous Membranes for Long-Term Continuous CO2-Capture with Large Absorption-Flux Enhancement

ChemSusChem ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 604-609 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi-Feng Lin ◽  
Chi-Sen Wang ◽  
Chia-Chieh Ko ◽  
Chien-Hua Chen ◽  
Kai-Shiun Chang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Co2 Capture ◽  
Polyvinylidene Fluoride ◽  
Flux Enhancement ◽  
Nanofibrous Membranes

scholarly journals Electrospun Nanostructured Membrane Engineering Using Reverse Osmosis Recycled Modules: Membrane Distillation Application

Nanomaterials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 1601
Author(s):  
Jorge Contreras-Martínez ◽  
Carmen García-Payo ◽  
Mohamed Khayet
Keyword(s):  
Reverse Osmosis ◽  
Polyvinylidene Fluoride ◽  
Membrane Distillation ◽  
Permeate Flux ◽  
Electrospinning Technique ◽  
Salt Rejection ◽  
Rejection Factor ◽  
Nanofibrous Membranes ◽  
Membrane Engineering ◽  
Desalination Plants

As a consequence of the increase in reverse osmosis (RO) desalination plants, the number of discarded RO modules for 2020 was estimated to be 14.8 million annually. Currently, these discarded modules are disposed of in nearby landfills generating high volumes of waste. In order to extend their useful life, in this research study, we propose recycling and reusing the internal components of the discarded RO modules, membranes and spacers, in membrane engineering for membrane distillation (MD) technology. After passive cleaning with a sodium hypochlorite aqueous solution, these recycled components were reused as support for polyvinylidene fluoride nanofibrous membranes prepared by electrospinning technique. The prepared membranes were characterized by different techniques and, finally, tested in desalination of high saline solutions (brines) by direct contact membrane distillation (DCMD). The effect of the electrospinning time, which is the same as the thickness of the nanofibrous layer, was studied in order to optimize the permeate flux together with the salt rejection factor and to obtain robust membranes with stable DCMD desalination performance. When the recycled RO membrane or the permeate spacer were used as supports with 60 min electrospinning time, good permeate fluxes were achieved, 43.2 and 18.1 kg m−2 h−1, respectively; with very high salt rejection factors, greater than 99.99%. These results are reasonably competitive compared to other supported and unsupported MD nanofibrous membranes. In contrast, when using the feed spacer as support, inhomogeneous structures were observed on the electrospun nanofibrous layer due to the special characteristics of this spacer resulting in low salt rejection factors and mechanical properties of the electrospun nanofibrous membrane.

MXene-supported stable adsorbents for superior CO2 capture

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Faqian Liu ◽  
Xin Liu ◽  
Lishui Sun ◽  
Rong-Xun Li ◽  
Chunxiao Yin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Co2 Capture ◽  
Term Stability ◽  
Long Term Stability ◽  
Solid Adsorbents

Polyamine-based solid adsorbents are promising candidates for CO2 capture, but long-term stability under practical regeneration conditions (100% CO2 at 120 ℃) remains the biggest hurdle. In this paper, we prepared...

scholarly journals Data Compression Approach for Long-Term Monitoring of Pavement Structures

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Mario Manosalvas-Paredes ◽  
Nizar Lajnef ◽  
Karim Chatti ◽  
Kenji Aono ◽  
Juliette Blanc ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Data Compression ◽  
Polyvinylidene Fluoride ◽  
Piezoelectric Sensor ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Damage Tracking ◽  
Pavement Structures ◽  
Micro Deformation ◽  
Reference Measurements

Pavement structures are designed to withstand continuous damage during their design life. Damage starts as soon as the pavement is open to traffic and increases with time. If maintenance activities are not considered in the initial design or considered but not applied during the service life, damage will grow to a point where rehabilitation may be the only and most expensive option left. In order to monitor the evolution of damage and its severity in pavement structures, a novel data compression approach based on cumulative measurements from a piezoelectric sensor is presented in this paper. Specifically, the piezoelectric sensor uses a thin film of polyvinylidene fluoride to sense the energy produced by the micro deformation generated due to the application of traffic loads. Epoxy solution has been used to encapsulate the membrane providing hardness and flexibility to withstand the high-loads and the high-temperatures during construction of the asphalt layer. The piezoelectric sensors have been exposed to three months of loading (approximately 1.0 million loads of 65 kN) at the French Institute of Science and Technology for Transport, Development and Networks (IFSTTAR) fatigue carrousel. Notably, the sensors survived the construction and testing. Reference measurements were made with a commercial conventional strain gauge specifically designed for measurements in hot mix asphalt layers. Results from the carrousel successfully demonstrate that the novel approach can be considered as a good indicator of damage progression, thus alleviating the need to measure strains in pavement for the purpose of damage tracking.

scholarly journals CO2 capture project phase 2 (CCP2) — storage program: Closing long-term CO2 geological storage gaps relevant to regulatory and policy development

2009 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-39
Author(s):  
Scott Imbus ◽  
Dan Kieke ◽  
Walter Crow ◽  
Marcos Briceno ◽  
Scott Rennie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Co2 Capture ◽  
Policy Development ◽  
Phase 2 ◽  
Geological Storage ◽  
Co2 Geological Storage

Sulfation behavior of CaO from long-term carbonation/calcination cycles for CO2 capture at FBC temperatures

2012 ◽  
Vol 111 (2) ◽  
pp. 1335-1343 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yingjie Li ◽  
Hongling Liu ◽  
Shuimu Wu ◽  
Rongyue Sun ◽  
Chunmei Lu
Keyword(s):  
Co2 Capture

Numerical Evaluation of Crack in Polyvinylidene Fluoride (PVDF)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ingrid Cristina S. Pereira ◽  
Celio A. da Costa Neto ◽  
José Renato M. Sousa ◽  
Erica G. Chaves ◽  
Sylvia Teixeira
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Model ◽  
Mechanical Behavior ◽  
Polyvinylidene Fluoride ◽  
Numerical Data ◽  
Tensile Tests ◽  
Plastic Behavior ◽  
Razor Blade ◽  
Material Parameters ◽  
High Degree

Abstract Polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) is an engineering thermoplastic having a high degree of sensibility to crack, which affects long-term mechanical behavior. This study evaluates the crack-sensitive of PVDF for one commercial-grade through the development of a numerical model. Firstly, tensile tests using DIC were performed on both uncrack and pre-crack specimens to get experimental tensile as DIC-displacement, displacement-control, and load data. For pre-crack specimens, it was proposed two values of depth: 1.0 and 1.5 mm, opened by razor blade. All specimens were uniaxial tests at 23°C under 5 mm/min. Secondly, tensile tests using extensometer were implemented for uncrack samples to determine material parameters for calibration of the numerical model and comparison with DIC-displacement. Finally, a numerical model based on the FE was implemented using ANSYS-student that inputs PVDF’s material properties, which considered the elastic-plastic behavior in simulation tests. The PVDF demonstrated significant crack sensitivity, as it can be seen in experimental and numerical data. And, the numerical model developed based on MKHP was successfully agreement against experimental data obtained by Blue Hill 3 software. Therefore, the results allowed us to observe that pre-crack acts as a stress concentration and the numerical model got well simulates this influence on the PVDF mechanical behavior.

scholarly journals CTA 102 in exceptionally high state during 2016–2017

2018 ◽  
Vol 617 ◽  
pp. A59 ◽  
Author(s):  
Navpreet Kaur ◽  
Kiran S. Baliyan
Keyword(s):  
High Energy ◽  
High Energy Particle ◽  
Electromagnetic Spectrum ◽  
Energy Bands ◽  
Spectral Behavior ◽  
Flux Enhancement ◽  
Central Engine ◽  
Long Timescales ◽  
Jet Structure

Blazars in outburst provide a unique opportunity to study their spectral behavior, correlated variations at different frequencies, and jet structure. An unprecedented flaring activity in FSRQ CTA 102, occuring from 2016 November to 2017 January, is used here for a detailed study to understand flaring mechanisms at short and long timescales, spectral behavior in different energy regimes, and to estimate sizes and location of the high-energy emitting region in the jet. Multiwavelength (MW) data for CTA 102 during its outburst period, were obtained from Fermi-LAT, Swift-XRT/UVOT, Steward Observatory, Mt Abu Infrared Observatory, and OVRO. These were analyzed to construct MW light curves, extract the spectral information, and to perform the correlated variability studies. Our study shows that CTA 102 attained the highest ever flux levels across the electromagnetic spectrum (EMS) while flaring and otherwise, with rapid and prolonged activities at all the frequencies. A number of short-term (three to eight days) and long-term (more than a month) variability events are noticed across the EMS. We infer a redder when brighter trend in faint state and a bluer when brighter trend during a few optical flares. Based on the flux doubling timescale, the size of γ-ray emitting region is estimated as ≈8.76 × 1015 cm, located at a distance of about 5.58 × 1016 cm from the central engine. CTA 102 was in extremely bright phase during 2016–2017, possibly due to, successive high energy particle injections into the jet, creating shocks traveling down the jet which lead to the overall flux enhancement across the EMS. Alternatively, a decreasing viewing angle could also lead to such flux enhancement. The study reveals correlated variations in all the energy bands, with lags within time bins, indicating co-spatial origin of the emissions. During the flaring event, a bluer-when-brighter color in the optical and harder when brighter trend in the X-ray and γ-ray spectra are noticed. During some flares softer γ-ray spectra are observed.

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