scholarly journals Co‐expression gene network (WGCNA) analysis of cold‐tolerant Solanum commersonii reveals new insights in response to low temperatures

Crop Science ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Salvatore Esposito ◽  
Riccardo Aversano ◽  
James Bradeen ◽  
Vincenzo D'Amelia ◽  
Clizia Villano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperatures ◽  
Gene Network ◽  
Solanum Commersonii ◽  
Cold Tolerant

scholarly journals Application of vigor indexes to evaluate the cold tolerance in rice seeds germination conditioned in plant extract

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sheila Bigolin Teixeira ◽  
Stefânia Nunes Pires ◽  
Gabriele Espinel Ávila ◽  
Bruna Evelyn Paschoal Silva ◽  
Victoria Novo Schmitz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperatures ◽  
Seed Priming ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Tolerance Index ◽  
Promising Tool ◽  
Germination Speed ◽  
Cold Tolerant ◽  
Rice Seeds ◽  
Carrot Extract

AbstractRice is a crop that presents sensitivity to cold, especially in the germination phase, which leads to high economic losses. Alternative management forms are essential to increase tolerance to low temperatures, and seed priming represents a promising tool. The objective of this study was to investigate the priming effect of the aqueous extract of carrot roots on rice seeds to increase tolerance to low temperatures during germination. Seeds from cultivars BRS Querência (cold-susceptible) and Brilhante (cold-tolerant) were soaked for 24 h in concentrations of 0, 25, 50, and 100% carrot extract, sown on germitest paper and conditioned in BOD for 21 days at 15 °C. As a control, the seeds soaked in water were also germinated at 25 °C. They were evaluated for germination, first germination count, and germination speed index to calculate the stress indices: tolerance index, susceptibility index, and harmonic mean. They were also evaluated for the length and dry mass of shoot and root. The results showed that the rice seeds conditioning in carrot extract effectively reduces the damage caused by cold, significantly increasing the germination speed and the percentage of final germination and the growth evaluations, more expressive at 100% concentration. The stress indexes are efficient in estimating the tolerance of the cultivars and the effect of the different conditions in low-temperature conditions, highlighting the superiority of the Brilhante cultivar.

scholarly journals Genes involved in stress signals: the CBLs-CIPKs network in cold tolerant Solanum commersonii

2019 ◽  
Vol 63 ◽  
pp. 699-709 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. ESPOSITO ◽  
V. D'AMELIA ◽  
D. CARPUTO ◽  
R. AVERSANO
Keyword(s):  
Solanum Commersonii ◽  
Cold Tolerant ◽  
Stress Signals

Cold Stress Tolerance during Early Growth Stages of Naturalized Helianthus petiolaris Populations

Helia ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 39 (64) ◽  
pp. 21-43
Author(s):  
Agustina Gutierrez ◽  
Miguel Cantamutto ◽  
Monica Poverene
Keyword(s):  
Cold Stress ◽  
Low Temperatures ◽  
Genetic Resource ◽  
Recovery Period ◽  
Early Growth ◽  
Physiological Traits ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Glucose Content ◽  
Cold Tolerant ◽  
Helianthus Petiolaris

AbstractIn the last 10 years the sunflower crop area of Argentina has shifted towards the Southwest as a result of the expansion of soybean cultivation. Early sowings require greater tolerance to low temperatures in order to optimize the use of water resources by the crop, especially in the seedling stage, when cold stress limits growth and productivity. Helianthus petiolaris is a wild genetic resource that has contributed to the production of sunflower cultivars. The goal of this study was to evaluate the tolerance to low temperatures in H. petiolaris plants. Morphological traits (plant height, leaf width and leaf length) and physiological traits (electrolyte leakage, chlorophyll content, and glucose content) were compared in eight accessions having an early germination in the field and one with normal life cycle. Acclimated and non-acclimated plants were subjected to cold stress followed by a recovery period. Physiological traits during early growth stages showed differences in cold tolerance and for acclimation ability between accessions, suggesting the existence of heritable components. Four accessions were the most cold-tolerant among the studied populations, suggesting a natural adaptation related to the geographical site. Results point out that H. petiolaris is a useful genetic resource to contribute to sunflower breeding in the search of cold tolerant cultivars.

COMPARATIVE SURVIVAL AND DECOMPOSING ABILITY OF FOUR FUNGI ISOLATED FROM LEAF LITTER AT LOW TEMPERATURES

1974 ◽  
Vol 54 (3) ◽  
pp. 245-253 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. C. IVARSON
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Litter ◽  
Low Temperatures ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Abundant Species ◽  
Decomposition Process ◽  
The Other ◽  
Natural Conditions ◽  
Cold Temperatures ◽  
Available Energy ◽  
Cold Tolerant

The survival and decomposing ability of the four dominant fungi found in low-temperature decomposing leaf litter was studied over a 46-mo period, at temperatures ranging from 1 C to room temperature. A Rhizoctonia sp. by itself and in association with the three other fungi disappeared. When alone it brought about no decomposition. Over the temperature range a Penicillium sp. that appeared to be a member of the Penicillium terrestre series showed strong survival properties in association with the other fungi, and by itself decomposed about the same amount of litter as the natural microbial flora of the unaltered litter, indicating that under natural conditions and at temperatures above 1 C this fungus is an important colonizer and decomposer of organic matter. Mucor spinescens alone and in association survived at room temperature and 10 C, but was absent at 4 and 1 C. By itself it decomposed a small amount of litter. The most abundant species, Chrysosporium pannorum (50% of all isolates at cold temperatures), a cellulolytic fungus, was not able to survive in litter in the absence of the other fungi. In their presence, it not only survived but increased in number as temperature decreased. The facts that pH changes and litter extract did not affect its growth suggest that C. pannorum does not possess the ability to be a pioneer colonist, and it is only after associated fungi begin the initial breakdown and perhaps supply easily available energy sources or growth factors that C. pannorum is able to take part in the decomposition process and survive. Thus, as temperature decreases, there is perhaps less competition for this cold-tolerant fungus, and its role in the decomposition process increases.

scholarly journals Isolation, Identification, and Biochemical Characteristics of a Cold-Tolerant Chlorella vulgaris KNUA007 Isolated from King George Island, Antarctica

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 935
Author(s):  
Seung-Woo Jo ◽  
Jeong-Mi Do ◽  
Nam Seon Kang ◽  
Jong Myong Park ◽  
Jae Hak Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chlorella Vulgaris ◽  
Low Temperatures ◽  
Temperature Tolerance ◽  
Mass Spectrometry Analysis ◽  
Cold Weather ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
King George Island ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Cold Tolerant

A cold-tolerant unicellular green alga was isolated from a meltwater stream on King George Island, Antarctica. Morphological, molecular, and biochemical analyses revealed that the isolate belonged to the species Chlorella vulgaris. We tentatively named this algal strain C.vulgaris KNUA007 and investigated its growth and lipid composition. We found that the strain was able to thrive in a wide range of temperatures, from 5 to 30 °C; however, it did not survive at 35 °C. Ultimate analysis confirmed high gross calorific values only at low temperatures (10 °C), with comparable values to land plants for biomass fuel. Gas chromatography/mass spectrometry analysis revealed that the isolate was rich in nutritionally important polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs). The major fatty acid components were hexadecatrienoic acid (C16:3 ω3, 17.31%), linoleic acid (C18:2 ω6, 8.52%), and α-linolenic acid (C18:3 ω3, 43.35%) at 10 °C. The microalga was tolerant to low temperatures, making it an attractive candidate for the production of biochemicals under cold weather conditions. Therefore, this Antarctic microalga may have potential as an alternative to fish and/or plant oils as a source of omega-3 PUFA. The temperature tolerance and composition of C.vulgaris KNUA007 also make the isolate desirable for commercial applications in the pharmaceutical industry.

scholarly journals Exogenous EBR Ameliorates Endogenous Hormone Contents in Tomato Species under Low-Temperature Stress

Horticulturae ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 84
Author(s):  
Parviz Heidari ◽  
Mahdi Entazari ◽  
Amin Ebrahimi ◽  
Mostafa Ahmadizadeh ◽  
Alessandro Vannozzi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Temperature Stress ◽  
Low Temperatures ◽  
Low Temperature Stress ◽  
Sensitive Species ◽  
Tomato Species ◽  
Tolerant Species ◽  
Cold Tolerant ◽  
Cold Sensitive ◽  
Stress Dependent

Low-temperature stress is a type of abiotic stress that limits plant growth and production in both subtropical and tropical climate conditions. In the current study, the effects of 24-epi-brassinolide (EBR) as analogs of brassinosteroids (BRs) were investigated, in terms of hormone content, antioxidant enzyme activity, and transcription of several cold-responsive genes, under low-temperature stress (9 °C) in two different tomato species (cold-sensitive and cold-tolerant species). Results indicated that the treatment with exogenous EBR increases the content of gibberellic acid (GA3) and indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), whose accumulation is reduced by low temperatures in cold-sensitive species. Furthermore, the combination or contribution of BR and abscisic acid (ABA) as a synergetic interaction was recognized between BR and ABA in response to low temperatures. The content of malondialdehyde (MDA) and proline was significantly increased in both species, in response to low-temperature stress; however, EBR treatment did not affect the MDA and proline content. Moreover, in the present study, the effect of EBR application was different in the tomato species under low-temperature stress, which increased the catalase (CAT) activity in the cold-tolerant species and increased the glutathione peroxidase (GPX) activity in the cold-sensitive species. Furthermore, expression levels of cold-responsive genes were influenced by low-temperature stress and EBR treatment. Overall, our findings revealed that a low temperature causes oxidative stress while EBR treatment may decrease the reactive oxygen species (ROS) damage into increasing antioxidant enzymes, and improve the growth rate of the tomato by affecting auxin and gibberellin content. This study provides insight into the mechanism by which BRs regulate stress-dependent processes in tomatoes, and provides a theoretical basis for promoting cold resistance of the tomato.

scholarly journals Characterization of Cold-Tolerant Saccharomyces cerevisiae Cheongdo Using Phenotype Microarray

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 982
Author(s):  
Kyung-Mi Jung ◽  
Jongbeom Park ◽  
Jueun Jang ◽  
Seok-Hwa Jung ◽  
Sang Han Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Low Temperatures ◽  
Carbon Sources ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Wine Yeast ◽  
Phenotype Microarray ◽  
Fermentation Performance ◽  
Yeast Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Cold Tolerant

The cold-tolerant yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae is industrially useful for lager fermentation, high-quality wine, and frozen dough production. S. cerevisiae Cheongdo is a recent isolate from frozen peach samples which has a good fermentation performance at low temperatures and desirable flavor profiles. Here, phenotype microarray was used to investigate industrial potentials of S. cerevisiae Cheongdo using 192 carbon sources. Compared to commercial wine yeast S. cerevisiae EC1118, Cheongdo showed significantly different growth rates on 34 substrates. The principal component analysis of the results highlighted that the better growth of Cheongdo on galactose than on EC1118 was the most significant difference between the two strains. The intact GAL4 gene and the galactose fermentation performance at a low temperatures suggested that S. cerevisiae Cheongdo is a promising host for industrial fermentation rich in galactose, such as lactose and agarose.

Rapid cold-hardening of Drosophila melanogaster (Diptera: Drosophiladae) during ecologically based thermoperiodic cycles

2001 ◽  
Vol 204 (9) ◽  
pp. 1659-1666 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.D. Kelty ◽  
R.E. Lee
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Low Temperatures ◽  
Cold Hardiness ◽  
Stress Protein ◽  
Cold Hardening ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Rapid Cold Hardening ◽  
Cold Tolerant ◽  
Acclimatory Response ◽  
Cooling Phase

In contrast to most studies of rapid cold-hardening, in which abrupt transfers to low temperatures are used to induce an acclimatory response, the primary objectives of this study were to determine (i) whether rapid cold-hardening was induced during the cooling phase of an ecologically based thermoperiod, (ii) whether the protection afforded was lost during warming or contributed to increased cold-tolerance during subsequent cycles and (iii) whether the major thermally inducible stress protein (Hsp70) or carbohydrate cryoprotectants contributed to the protection afforded by rapid cold-hardening. During the cooling phase of a single ecologically based thermoperiod, the tolerance of Drosophila melanogaster to 1 h at −7 degrees C increased from 5 +/− 5% survival to 62.5 +/− 7.3% (means +/− S.E.M., N=40-60), while their critical thermal minima (CTmin) decreased by 1.9 degrees C. Cold hardiness increased with the number of thermoperiods to which flies were exposed; i.e. flies exposed to six thermoperiods were more cold-tolerant than those exposed to two. Endogenous levels of Hsp70 and carbohydrate cryoprotectants were unchanged in rapidly cold-hardened adults compared with controls held at a constant 23 degrees C. In nature, rapid cold-hardening probably affords subtle benefits during short-term cooling, such as allowing D. melanogaster to remain active at lower temperatures than they otherwise could.

scholarly journals Changes in Morphology, Metabolism and Composition of Cuticular Wax in Zucchini Fruit During Postharvest Cold Storage

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fátima Carvajal ◽  
Alejandro Castro-Cegrí ◽  
Raquel Jiménez-Muñoz ◽  
Manuel Jamilena ◽  
Dolores Garrido ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cold Storage ◽  
Low Temperatures ◽  
Cuticular Wax ◽  
Postharvest Quality ◽  
Crystal Deposition ◽  
Tolerant Variety ◽  
Cold Tolerant ◽  
Wax Load

Cuticle composition is an important economic trait in agriculture, as it is the first protective barrier of the plant against environmental conditions. The main goal of this work was to study the role of the cuticular wax in maintaining the postharvest quality of zucchini fruit, by comparing two commercial varieties with contrasting behavior against low temperatures; the cold-tolerant variety ‘Natura’, and the cold-sensitive ‘Sinatra’, as well as ‘Sinatra’ fruit with induced-chilling tolerance through a preconditioning treatment (15°C for 48 h). The freshly-harvested ‘Natura’ fruit had a well-detectable cuticle with a significant lower permeability and a subset of 15 up-regulated cuticle-related genes. SEM showed that zucchini epicuticular waxes mainly consisted of round-shaped crystals and clusters of them, and areas with more dense crystal deposition were found in fruit of ‘Natura’ and of preconditioned ‘Sinatra’. The cuticular wax load per surface was higher in ‘Natura’ than in ‘Sinatra’ fruit at harvest and after 14 days at 4°C. In addition, total cuticular wax load only increased in ‘Natura’ and preconditioned ‘Sinatra’ fruit with cold storage. With respect to the chemical composition of the waxes, the most abundant components were alkanes, in both ‘Natura’ and ‘Sinatra’, with similar values at harvest. The total alkane content only increased in ‘Natura’ fruit and in the preconditioned ‘Sinatra’ fruit after cold storage, whereas the amount of total acids decreased, with the lowest values observed in the fruit that showed less chilling injury (CI) and weight loss. Two esters were detected, and their content also decreased with the storage in both varieties, with a greater reduction observed in the cold-tolerant variety in response to low temperature. Gene expression analysis showed significant differences between varieties, especially in CpCER1-like and CpCER3-like genes, involved in alkane production, as well as in the transcription factors CpWIN1-like and CpFUL1-like, associated with cuticle development and epidermal wax accumulation in other species. These results suggest an important role of the alkane biosynthetic pathway and cuticle morphology in maintaining the postharvest quality of zucchini fruit during the storage at low temperatures.

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