scholarly journals Genetic parameters, prediction, and selection in a white Guinea yam early‐generation breeding population using pedigree information

Crop Science ◽  
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Asrat Asfaw ◽  
Dotun Samuel Aderonmu ◽  
Kwabena Darkwa ◽  
David De Koeyer ◽  
Paterne Agre ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Parameters ◽  
Breeding Population ◽  
Pedigree Information ◽  
Early Generation ◽  
Guinea Yam

scholarly journals Estimation of environmental effects and genetic parameters of carcass traits on Chikso (Korean brindle cattle)

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 525-530 ◽  
Author(s):  
Byoungho Park ◽  
Tae Jeong Choi ◽  
Mi Na Park ◽  
Sang-Hyon Oh
Keyword(s):  
Linear Model ◽  
Environmental Effects ◽  
Genetic Parameters ◽  
Coat Color ◽  
Carcass Traits ◽  
National Level ◽  
Pedigree Information ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Muscle Area ◽  
Eye Muscle

Objective: The purpose of this study was i) to identify the characteristics of carcass traits in Chikso by gender, region, age at slaughter, and coat color using the carcass data collected from the nationwide pedigree information and coat color investigation, and ii) to estimate genetic parameters for breed improvement.Methods: A linear model was used to analyze the environmental effects on the carcass traits and to estimate genetic parameters. Analysis of variance was performed using TYPE III sum of squares for the unbalanced data provided by the general linear model procedure. Variance components for genetic parameters was estimated using REMLF90 of the BLUPF90 family programs.Results: Phenotypic performance of carcass weight (CW), eye muscle area (EMA), and backfat thickness (BF) in Chikso were lower than those of Hanwoo. This is a natural outcome because Hanwoo have undergone significant efforts for improvement at the national level, a phenomenon not observed in Chikso. Another factor influencing the above outcome was the smaller population size of Chikso compared to that of Hanwoo’s. The heritabilities of CW, EMA, BF, and marbling score in Chikso were estimated as 0.50, 0.37, 0.35, and 0.53, respectively, which were was higher than those of Hanwoo.Conclusion: Based on the genetic parameters that were estimated in this study, it is expected that the carcass traits will improve when the livestock research institutes at each province conduct small-scale performance tests and the semen is provided to farmers after selecting proven bulls using the state-of-art selection technique such as genomic selection.

Estimation of genetic parameters and prediction of breeding values in an autotetraploid blueberry breeding population with extensive pedigree data

Euphytica ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 214 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Catherine Cellon ◽  
Rodrigo R. Amadeu ◽  
James W. Olmstead ◽  
Matthew R. Mattia ◽  
Luis Felipe V. Ferrao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Parameters ◽  
Breeding Population ◽  
Pedigree Data ◽  
Breeding Values ◽  
Estimation Of Genetic Parameters

scholarly journals Bayesian genetic parameters for body weight and survival of Nile tilapia farmed in Brazil

2011 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandra Inês Santos ◽  
Ricardo Pereira Ribeiro ◽  
Lauro Vargas ◽  
Freddy Mora ◽  
Luiz Alexandre Filho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Gain ◽  
Nile Tilapia ◽  
Genetic Parameters ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Genetic Correlations ◽  
Breeding Population ◽  
Linear Threshold ◽  
Nile Tilapia Oreochromis Niloticus ◽  
Impact On Survival ◽  
Credible Intervals

The objective of this study was to estimate genetic parameters for survival and weight of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus), farmed in cages and ponds in Brazil, and to predict genetic gain under different scenarios. Survival was recorded as a binary response (dead or alive), during harvest time in the 2008 grow-out period. Genetic parameters were estimated using a Bayesian mixed linear-threshold animal model via Gibbs sampling. The breeding population consisted of 2,912 individual fish, which were analyzed together with the pedigree of 5,394 fish. The heritabilities estimates, with 95% posterior credible intervals, for tagging weight, harvest weight and survival were 0.17 (0.09-0.27), 0.21 (0.12-0.32) and 0.32 (0.22-0.44), respectively. Credible intervals show a 95% probability that the true genetic correlations were in a favourable direction. The selection for weight has a positive impact on survival. Estimated genetic gain was high when selecting for harvest weight (5.07%), and indirect gain for tagging weight (2.17%) and survival (2.03%) were also considerable.

scholarly journals Phenomics-Assisted Selection for Herbage Accumulation in Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.)

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anju Biswas ◽  
Mario Henrique Murad Leite Andrade ◽  
Janam P. Acharya ◽  
Cleber Lopes de Souza ◽  
Yolanda Lopez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Analysis ◽  
Medicago Sativa ◽  
Missing Values ◽  
Genetic Parameters ◽  
Vegetation Indices ◽  
Breeding Population ◽  
Full Dataset ◽  
Bivariate Models ◽  
High Throughput Phenotyping ◽  
Predicted Values

The application of remote sensing in plant breeding is becoming a routine method for fast and non-destructive high-throughput phenotyping (HTP) using unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) equipped with sensors. Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) is a perennial forage legume grown in more than 30 million hectares worldwide. Breeding alfalfa for herbage accumulation (HA) requires frequent and multiple phenotyping efforts, which is laborious and costly. The objective of this study was to assess the efficiency of UAV-based imagery and spatial analysis in the selection of alfalfa for HA. The alfalfa breeding population was composed of 145 full-sib and 34 half-sib families, and the experimental design was a row-column with augmented representation of controls. The experiment was established in November 2017, and HA was harvested four times between August 2018 and January 2019. A UAV equipped with a multispectral camera was used for HTP before each harvest. Four vegetation indices (VIs) were calculated from the UAV-based images: NDVI, NDRE, GNDVI, and GRVI. All VIs showed a high correlation with HA, and VIs predicted HA with moderate accuracy. HA and NDVI were used for further analyses to calculate the genetic parameters using linear mixed models. The spatial analysis had a significant effect in both dimensions (rows and columns) for HA and NDVI, resulting in improvements in the estimation of genetic parameters. Univariate models for NDVI and HA, and bivariate models, were fit to predict family performance for scenarios with various levels of HA data (simulated in silico by assigning missing values to full dataset). The bivariate models provided higher correlation among predicted values, higher coincidence for selection, and higher genetic gain even for scenarios with only 30% of HA data. Hence, HTP is a reliable and efficient method to aid alfalfa phenotyping to improve HA. Additionally, the use of spatial analysis can also improve the accuracy of selection in breeding trials.

scholarly journals Determining the Optimal Age For Selection by Modelling the Age-Related Trends in Genetic Parameters in Eucalyptus Hybrid Populations

2009 ◽  
Vol 58 (1-6) ◽  
pp. 102-112 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean-Marc Bouvet ◽  
P. Vigneron ◽  
E. Villar ◽  
A. Saya
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Gain ◽  
Genetic Parameters ◽  
Breeding Population ◽  
Nonlinear Functions ◽  
Pure Species ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Factorial Mating ◽  
Efficiency Of Selection ◽  
Individual Trees

Abstract Ten factorial mating designs using a combined total of 88 females, 107 males, 684 families and 37,206 individual trees were used to model the age-related trends in genetic parameters and genetic gain between four and 65 months in the Eucalyptus urophylla x grandis breeding population in Republic of Congo. Selection was either of pure species (as parents for continued breeding) or individual hybrids for commercial plantations based on clonal varieties. The variance components were significantly different from zero for female, male and female-by-male interaction effects for volume. The age-related trends in additive, dominance and environmental variances, modelled by nonlinear functions, showed three phases corresponding to different stages of competition and growth. Male and female narrow sense heritabilities were high (h2 Am= 0.70 and h2 Af = 0.90, respectively for highest estimates) compared with individual broad sense heritability (h2 ind= 0.45). They were modelled by polynomial functions that did not display specific trends with age. The age-age correlations, modelled by a response surface, were higher than 0.8 after 36 months. A similar trend with age was observed for additive and total genetic effects. Genetic gain was calculated by combining the different models. The genetic gain was higher for female than for male. Considerable gains can be achieved by clone selection. The efficiency of selection indicated an optimal age of 54 months for juvenile selection of males and females and a mature age for ortets. The trend in efficiency of selection per time unit showed that juvenile selection for volume is much more efficient than adult selection whatever the age.

scholarly journals Genetic diversity derived from pedigree information and estimation of genetic parameters for reproductive traits of Limousine and Charolais cattle raised in Italy

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 762-771 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcos Paulo Gonçalves de Rezende ◽  
Carlos Henrique Mendes Malhado ◽  
Stefano Biffani ◽  
Paulo Luis Souza Carneiro ◽  
Riccardo Bozzi
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Genetic Parameters ◽  
Reproductive Traits ◽  
Pedigree Information ◽  
Charolais Cattle ◽  
Estimation Of Genetic Parameters

scholarly journals Breeding Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) Adapted to Subtropical Agroecosystems

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 742
Author(s):  
Janam P. Acharya ◽  
Yolanda Lopez ◽  
Beatriz Tome Gouveia ◽  
Ivone de Bem Oliveira ◽  
Marcio F. R. Resende ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Genetic Parameters ◽  
Genetic Correlations ◽  
Breeding Population ◽  
Initial Screening ◽  
Forage Production ◽  
Narrow Sense Heritability ◽  
Sib Families ◽  
Medicago Sativa L ◽  
Column Design

Alfalfa is planted in more than 30 million hectares worldwide, but despite its popularity in temperate regions, it is not widely grown in subtropical agroecosystems. It is critical to improve alfalfa for such regions, considering current predictions of global warming and the increasing demands for animal-based products. In this study, we examined the diversity present in subtropical alfalfa germplasm and reported genetic parameters for forage production. An initial screening was performed from 2014 to 2016, evaluating 121 populations from different subtropical origins. Then, a breeding population was created by crossing selected plants, resulting in 145 full-sib and 36 half-sib families, which were planted in a row-column design with augmented representation of three controls (‘Bulldog805′, ‘FL99′ and ‘UF2015′). Dry matter yield (DMY), canopy height (AH), and percentage blooming (BLOOM) were measured across several harvests. Moderate narrow-sense heritability and high genetic correlations between consecutive harvests were estimated for all traits. The breeding line UF2015 produced higher DMY than FL99 and Bulldog805, and it could be a candidate cultivar release. Several families produced higher DMY than all checks, and they can be utilized to develop high yielding and adapted alfalfa cultivars for subtropical agroecosystems.

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