On water‐use efficiency, boundary functions, and yield gaps: French and Schultz insight and legacy

Crop Science ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 60 (5) ◽  
pp. 2187-2191
Author(s):  
Victor O. Sadras
Keyword(s):  
Water Use Efficiency ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Boundary Functions ◽  
Yield Gaps ◽  
Use Efficiency

scholarly journals Towards Sustainable Intensification of Crop Production—Yield Gaps and Water Use Efficiency in Farming Systems

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 710
Author(s):  
Anita Ierna
Keyword(s):  
Water Use Efficiency ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Cropping System ◽  
Farming Systems ◽  
Primary Objective ◽  
Sustainable Intensification ◽  
Production Yield ◽  
Yield Gaps ◽  
Use Efficiency

The primary objective of any cropping system continues to be increasing the productivity and profitability of crops [...]

YIELD GAPS AND RESOURCE USE ACROSS FARMING ZONES IN THE CENTRAL RIFT VALLEY OF ETHIOPIA

2015 ◽  
Vol 52 (4) ◽  
pp. 493-517 ◽  
Author(s):  
MEZEGEBU GETNET ◽  
MARTIN VAN ITTERSUM ◽  
HUIB HENGSDIJK ◽  
KATRIEN DESCHEEMAEKER
Keyword(s):  
Water Use Efficiency ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Resource Use ◽  
Rift Valley ◽  
Crop Management ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Variation ◽  
Large Set ◽  
Yield Gap ◽  
Yield Gaps ◽  
Use Efficiency

SUMMARYIn the Central Rift Valley (CRV) of Ethiopia, low productive cereal systems and a declining resource base call for options to increase crop productivity and improve resource use efficiency to meet the growing demand of food. We compiled and analysed a large amount of data from farmers’ fields (>10,000) and experimental data across the CRV from 2004–2009 to quantify yield gaps (Yg) between actual (average and best performing farmers) and experimental (water-limited potential (Yw)) yields of maize and wheat in homogenous farming zones (HFZs). Resource use efficiencies (nutrients and water) of maize and wheat were also analysed to assess spatial variation and scope for improvements. The average (2004–2009) yield gap of maize and wheat in the CRV ranged between 4.2 t ha−1 and 9.2 t ha−1, and 2.5 t ha−1 and 4.7 t ha−1, respectively, across farming zones. The yield gap was lowest in the Central lowlands, where Yw was also lowest, i.e. 6.5 t ha−1 for maize and 4.4 t ha−1 for wheat, compared with Yw in the Eastern highlands (11 t ha−1 for maize and 6.7 t ha−1 for wheat) and Western highlands (10.8 t ha−1 for maize and 5.7 t ha−1 for wheat). The actual nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) application in farmers’ fields was low, as about 46% of maize and 27% of wheat fields did not receive fertilizers, while the average applied mineral fertilizer rates across all farmers (2.6–16.5 kg N ha−1 and 2.2–17.3 kg P ha−1 across HFZs and crops) were far below the recommended rate. On average, the best performing farmers applied 8–20 kg N ha−1 and 5–21 kg P ha−1 ranging across HFZs and crops. Increasing N application to recommended rates had only a small effect on narrowing the yield gap under current farmers’ management. Therefore, the yield gap closure strongly depends on improving other aspects of crop management while paying attention to the interaction with nutrient management. Since rain water use efficiency (seasonal rainfall) of water-limited yields was 12–17.3 kg mm−1 for maize and 7.4–10.6 kg mm−1 for wheat and much higher than that of actual yields (2.7–4.3 kg mm−1 for maize and 2.3–3.5 kg mm−1 for wheat), improving the input use and crop management can increase water use efficiency. A large set of experimental and survey data enabled us to gain insight in the spatial and temporal variation in yield gaps and input rates and in differences between average and the best performing farmers.

Increasing intrinsic water-use efficiency over the past 160 years does not stimulate tree growth in southeastern China

2018 ◽  
Vol 76 (2) ◽  
pp. 115-130 ◽  
Author(s):  
G Guo ◽  
K Fang ◽  
J Li ◽  
HW Linderholm ◽  
D Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Use Efficiency ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Tree Growth ◽  
Southeastern China ◽  
The Past ◽  
Intrinsic Water Use Efficiency ◽  
Use Efficiency

A comparative appraisal of urea super granule application in raised bed and prilled urea application in conventional planting for transplanted boro rice (Oryza sativa)

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 822-832
Author(s):  
Halim Mahmud Bhuyan ◽  
Most. Razina Ferdousi ◽  
Mohammad Toufiq Iqbal ◽  
Ahmed Khairul Hasan
Keyword(s):  
Water Use Efficiency ◽  
Water Use ◽  
N Fertilizer ◽  
Deep Placement ◽  
Prilled Urea ◽  
Planting Methods ◽  
Weed Infestation ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Raised Bed ◽  
Boro Rice

Utilization of urea super granule (USG) with raised bed cultivation system for transplanted boro (winter, irrigated) rice production is a major concern now days. A field experiment was conducted in the chuadanga district of Bangladesh to compare the two cultivation methods: deep placement of USG on raised bed with boro rice, and prilled urea (PU) broadcasting in conventional planting. Results showed that USG in raised bed planting increased grain yields of transplanted boro rice by up to 18.18% over PU in conventional planting. Deep placement of USG in raised bed planting increased the number of panicle m-2, number of grains panicle-1 and 1000-grains weight of boro rice than the PU in conventional planting. Better plant growth was observed by deep placement of USG in raised bed planting compared to PU in conventional planting. Sterility percentage and weed infestation were lower on USG in raised bed planting compared to the PU in conventional planting methods. Forty seven percent irrigation water and application time could be saved by USG in raised bed planting than PU in conventional planting. Deep placement of USG in bed saved N fertilizer consumption over conventional planting. Water use efficiency for grain and biomass production was higher with deep placement of USG in bed planting than the PU broadcasting in conventional planting methods. Similarly, agronomic efficiency of N fertilizer by USG in bed planting was significantly higher than the PU broadcasting in conventional planting. This study concluded that deep placement of USG in raised bed planting for transplanted boro rice is a new approach to achieve fertilizer and water use efficiency as well as higher yield and less water input compared to existing agronomic practices in Bangladesh.

Effects of Irrigation Amount on Grain Starch Content, Starch Synthase Activity, and Water Use Efficiency in Wheat

2009 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 324-333 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peng-Fei CHU ◽  
Zhen-Wen YU ◽  
Xiao-Yan WANG ◽  
Tong-Hua WU ◽  
Xi-Zhi WANG
Keyword(s):  
Water Use Efficiency ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Starch Content ◽  
Starch Synthase ◽  
Irrigation Amount ◽  
Grain Starch ◽  
Use Efficiency

Effects of Drip Irrigation Patterns on Wheat Yield and Water Use Efficiency in Heilonggang Region

2013 ◽  
Vol 39 (9) ◽  
pp. 1687 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zi-Jin NIE ◽  
Yuan-Quan CHEN ◽  
Jian-Sheng ZHANG ◽  
Jiang-Tao SHI ◽  
Chao LI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Use Efficiency ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Wheat Yield ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Irrigation Patterns
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