Using hiPSC‐CMs to Examine Mechanisms of Catecholaminergic Polymorphic Ventricular Tachycardia

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alia Arslanova ◽  
Sanam Shafaattalab ◽  
Kevin Ye ◽  
Parisa Asghari ◽  
Lisa Lin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ventricular Tachycardia ◽  
Catecholaminergic Polymorphic Ventricular Tachycardia ◽  
Polymorphic Ventricular Tachycardia

scholarly journals Catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia complicated by dilated cardiomyopathy: a case report

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Granitz Christina ◽  
Jirak Peter ◽  
Strohmer Bernhard ◽  
Pölzl Gerhard
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Ventricular Tachycardia ◽  
Dilated Cardiomyopathy ◽  
Sinus Bradycardia ◽  
Clinical Care ◽  
Structural Heart Disease ◽  
Catecholaminergic Polymorphic Ventricular Tachycardia ◽  
Polymorphic Ventricular Tachycardia ◽  
Myocardial Inflammation ◽  
As Stress

Abstract Background  Catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia (CPVT) is a severe genetic arrhythmogenic disorder characterized by adrenergically induced ventricular tachycardia manifesting as stress-induced syncope and sudden cardiac death. While CPVT is not associated with dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) in most cases, the combination of both disease entities poses a major diagnostic and therapeutic challenge. Case summary  We present the case of a young woman with CPVT. The clinical course since childhood was characterized by repetitive episodes of exercise-induced ventricular arrhythmias and a brady-tachy syndrome due to rapid paroxysmal atrial fibrillation and sinus bradycardia. Medical treatment included propranolol and flecainide until echocardiography showed a dilated left ventricle with severely depressed ejection fraction when the patient was 32 years old. Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging revealed non-specific late gadolinium enhancement. Myocardial inflammation, however, was excluded by subsequent endomyocardial biopsy. Genetic analysis confirmed a mutation in the cardiac ryanodine receptor but no pathogenetic variant associated with DCM. Guideline-directed medical therapy for HFrEF was limited due to symptomatic hypotension. Over the next months, the patient developed progressive heart failure symptoms that were finally managed by heart transplantation. Discussion  Management in patients with CPVT and DCM is challenging, as Class I antiarrhythmic drugs are not recommended in structural heart disease and prophylactic internal cardioverter-defibrillator implantation without adjuvant antiarrhythmic therapy can be detrimental. Regular echocardiographic screening for DCM is recommendable in patients with CPVT. A multidisciplinary team of heart failure specialists, electrophysiologists, geneticists, and imaging specialists is needed to collaborate in the delivery of clinical care.

scholarly journals Multiphoton Imaging of Ca2+ Instability in Acute Myocardial Slices from a RyR2R2474S Murine Model of Catecholaminergic Polymorphic Ventricular Tachycardia

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (13) ◽  
pp. 2821
Author(s):  
Giulia Borile ◽  
Tania Zaglia ◽  
Stephan E. Lehnart ◽  
Marco Mongillo
Keyword(s):  
Ventricular Tachycardia ◽  
Single Cells ◽  
Tissue Level ◽  
Catecholaminergic Polymorphic Ventricular Tachycardia ◽  
Polymorphic Ventricular Tachycardia ◽  
Adrenergic Stimulation ◽  
Release Channel ◽  
Multiphoton Imaging ◽  
Delayed Afterdepolarizations ◽  
Multiple Cells

Catecholaminergic Polymorphic Ventricular Tachycardia (CPVT) is a familial stress-induced arrhythmia syndrome, mostly caused by mutations in Ryanodine receptor 2 (RyR2), the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) Ca2+ release channel in cardiomyocytes. Pathogenetic mutations lead to gain of function in the channel, causing arrhythmias by promoting diastolic spontaneous Ca2+ release (SCR) from the SR and delayed afterdepolarizations. While the study of Ca2+ dynamics in single cells from murine CPVT models has increased our understanding of the disease pathogenesis, questions remain on the mechanisms triggering the lethal arrhythmias at tissue level. Here, we combined subcellular analysis of Ca2+ signals in isolated cardiomyocytes and in acute thick ventricular slices of RyR2R2474S knock-in mice, electrically paced at different rates (1–5 Hz), to identify arrhythmogenic Ca2+ dynamics, from the sub- to the multicellular perspective. In both models, RyR2R2474S cardiomyocytes had increased propensity to develop SCR upon adrenergic stimulation, which manifested, in the slices, with Ca2+ alternans and synchronous Ca2+ release events in neighboring cardiomyocytes. Analysis of Ca2+ dynamics in multiple cells in the tissue suggests that SCRs beget SCRs in contiguous cells, overcoming the protective electrotonic myocardial coupling, and potentially generating arrhythmia triggering foci. We suggest that intercellular interactions may underscore arrhythmic propensity in CPVT hearts with ‘leaky’ RyR2.

scholarly journals Catecholaminergic Polymorphic Ventricular Tachycardia in Children

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 633-642 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas M. Roston ◽  
Jeffrey M. Vinocur ◽  
Kathleen R. Maginot ◽  
Saira Mohammed ◽  
Jack C. Salerno ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ventricular Tachycardia ◽  
Catecholaminergic Polymorphic Ventricular Tachycardia ◽  
Polymorphic Ventricular Tachycardia
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