A Randomized Controlled Trial of a Forgiveness Intervention Program with Female Acid Attack Survivors in Pakistan

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zaineb Haroon ◽  
Rabia Iftikhar ◽  
Jichan J. Kim ◽  
Fred Volk ◽  
Robert D. Enright
Keyword(s):  
Randomized Controlled Trial ◽  
Intervention Program ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Acid Attack ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Forgiveness Intervention

scholarly journals Early intervention for children at risk of visual processing dysfunctions from 1 year of age: a randomized controlled trial protocol

Trials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marlou J. G. Kooiker ◽  
Yoni van der Linden ◽  
Jenneke van Dijk ◽  
Ymie J. van der Zee ◽  
Renate M. C. Swarte ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Randomized Controlled Trial ◽  
Visual Processing ◽  
Intervention Program ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Clinical Care ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Extremely Preterm ◽  
Intervention Protocol

Abstract Background An increasing number of children are suffering from brain damage-related visual processing dysfunctions (VPD). There is currently a lack of evidence-based intervention methods that can be used early in development. We developed a visual intervention protocol suitable from 1 year of age. The protocol is structured, comprehensive and individually adaptive, and is paired with quantitative outcome assessments. Our aim is to investigate the effectiveness of this first visual intervention program for young children with (a risk of) VPD. Methods This is a single-blind, placebo-controlled trial that is embedded within standard clinical care. The study population consists of 100 children born very or extremely preterm (< 30 weeks) at 1 year of corrected age (CA), of whom 50% are expected to have VPD. First, children undergo a visual screening at 1 year CA. If they are classified as being at risk of VPD, they are referred to standard care, which involves an ophthalmic and visual function assessment and a (newly developed) visual intervention program. This program consists of a general protocol (standardized and similar for all children) and a supplement protocol (adapted to the specific needs of the child). Children are randomly allocated to an intervention group (starting upon inclusion at 1 year CA) or a control group (postponed: starting at 2 years CA). The control group will receive a placebo treatment. The effectiveness of early visual intervention will be examined with follow-up visual and neurocognitive assessments after 1 year (upon completion of the direct intervention) and after 2 years (upon completion of the postponed intervention). Discussion Through this randomized controlled trial we will establish the effectiveness of a new and early visual intervention program. Combining a general and supplement protocol enables both structured comparisons between participants and groups, and custom habilitation that is tailored to a child’s specific needs. The design ensures that all included children will benefit from participation by advancing the age at which they start receiving an intervention. We expect results to be applicable to the overall population of children with (a risk of) VPD early in life. Trial registration Netherlands Trial Register: NTR6952. Registered 19 January 2018.

scholarly journals A Non-Randomized Controlled Trial for the Effectiveness of the ‘Aibo’ Intervention Program for Distraction in Childhood Vaccination

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyoko Tanaka ◽  
Maoko Hayakawa ◽  
Chihiro Noda ◽  
Moemi Nakamura ◽  
Akio Nakamura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Randomized Controlled Trial ◽  
Intervention Program ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Behavioral Observation ◽  
Childhood Vaccination ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Face Scale

Abstract Procedures and actions such as injections and immobilization cause pain and distress to children. In the pediatric field, there is a need for interventions and support to alleviate the pain and distress caused by such medical procedures. In recent years, the introduction of robots as a means of distraction has begun to be attempted. In this study, we conducted a non-randomized controlled trial to examine the effect of intervention using ‘aibo’, a dog-like robot which has artificial intelligence (AI), to promote distraction in children after vaccination. As a result, 57 children (32 in the intervention group) participated in the study. Results of a t-test with the control group showed that the intervention group using aibo had significantly less pain following the post-vaccination intervention than the control group using stuffed dog (Face Scale, t(55) = 2.582, p = .0125; Behavioral Observation Scale, t(55) = 2.772, p = .00759). The results support the hypothesis that the aibo intervention group will be less distressed and able to calm down more quickly after vaccination than the control group. Conclusion : AI-powered aibo interventions that allow for interactive interaction can be an effective distraction method during painful procedures such as vaccinations.

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