Posttranslational Processing of Gut Peptides

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chris Dickinson ◽  
Tadataka Yamada
Keyword(s):  
Posttranslational Processing ◽  
Gut Peptides

The Role of Neuropeptide Y and Peptide YY in the Development of Obesity via Gut-brain Axis

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (7) ◽  
pp. 750-758 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi Wu ◽  
Hengxun He ◽  
Zhibin Cheng ◽  
Yueyu Bai ◽  
Xi Ma
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Neuropeptide Y ◽  
Metabolic Diseases ◽  
Peptide Yy ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Gut Peptides ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
The Central Nervous System

Obesity is one of the main challenges of public health in the 21st century. Obesity can induce a series of chronic metabolic diseases, such as diabetes, dyslipidemia, hypertension and nonalcoholic fatty liver, which seriously affect human health. Gut-brain axis, the two-direction pathway formed between enteric nervous system and central nervous system, plays a vital role in the occurrence and development of obesity. Gastrointestinal signals are projected through the gut-brain axis to nervous system, and respond to various gastrointestinal stimulation. The central nervous system regulates visceral activity through the gut-brain axis. Brain-gut peptides have important regulatory roles in the gut-brain axis. The brain-gut peptides of the gastrointestinal system and the nervous system regulate the gastrointestinal movement, feeling, secretion, absorption and other complex functions through endocrine, neurosecretion and paracrine to secrete peptides. Both neuropeptide Y and peptide YY belong to the pancreatic polypeptide family and are important brain-gut peptides. Neuropeptide Y and peptide YY have functions that are closely related to appetite regulation and obesity formation. This review describes the role of the gutbrain axis in regulating appetite and maintaining energy balance, and the functions of brain-gut peptides neuropeptide Y and peptide YY in obesity. The relationship between NPY and PYY and the interaction between the NPY-PYY signaling with the gut microbiota are also described in this review.

Posttranslational processing and identification of a neutralization domain of the GP4 protein encoded by ORF4 of Lelystad virus.

1997 ◽  
Vol 71 (8) ◽  
pp. 6061-6067 ◽  
Author(s):  
J J Meulenberg ◽  
A P van Nieuwstadt ◽  
A van Essen-Zandbergen ◽  
J P Langeveld
Keyword(s):  
Posttranslational Processing ◽  
Lelystad Virus

scholarly journals The Gut–Brain Axis and Its Role in Controlling Eating Behavior in Intestinal Inflammation

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 981
Author(s):  
Gordon William Moran ◽  
Gita Thapaliya
Keyword(s):  
Food Intake ◽  
Eating Behavior ◽  
Emotional Eating ◽  
Intestinal Inflammation ◽  
Cognitive Factors ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Gut Peptides ◽  
Future Health ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel ◽  
Inflammatory Burden

Malnutrition represents a major problem in the clinical management of the inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Presently, our understanding of the cross-link between eating behavior and intestinal inflammation is still in its infancy. Crohn’s disease patients with active disease exhibit strong hedonic desires for food and emotional eating patterns possibly to ameliorate feelings of low mood, anxiety, and depression. Impulsivity traits seen in IBD patients may predispose them to palatable food intake as an immediate reward rather than concerns for future health. The upregulation of enteroendocrine cells (EEC) peptide response to food intake has been described in ileal inflammation, which may lead to alterations in gut–brain signaling with implications for appetite and eating behavior. In summary, a complex interplay of gut peptides, psychological, cognitive factors, disease-related symptoms, and inflammatory burden may ultimately govern eating behavior in intestinal inflammation.

scholarly journals Weight Cycling in Women: Adaptation or Risk?

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katelyn J. Carey ◽  
Wendy Vitek
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Pregnancy Complications ◽  
Weight Regain ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Cardiometabolic Health ◽  
Surrogate Markers ◽  
Weight Cycling ◽  
Gut Peptides

AbstractObesity, dieting, and weight cycling are common among reproductive-age women. Weight cycling refers to intentional weight loss followed by unintentional weight regain. Weight loss is accompanied by changes in gut peptides, adipose hormones, and energy expenditure that promote weight regain to a tightly regulated set point. While weight loss can improve body composition and surrogate markers of cardiometabolic health, it is hypothesized that the weight regain can result in an overshoot effect, resulting in excess weight gain, altered body composition, and negative effects on surrogate markers of cardiometabolic health. Numerous observational studies have examined the association of weight cycling and health outcomes. There appears to be modest association between weight cycling with type 2 diabetes mellitus and dyslipidemia in women, but no association with hypertension, cardiovascular events, and overall cancer risk. Interestingly, mild weight cycling may be associated with a decreased risk of overall and cardiovascular mortality. Little is known about the effects of weight cycling in the preconception period. Although obesity and weight gain are associated with pregnancy complications, preconception weight loss does not appear to mitigate the risk of most pregnancy complications related to obesity. Research on preconception weight cycling may provide insight into this paradox.

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