scholarly journals Surfactant‐Assisted Symmetry Breaking in Colloidal Gold Nanocrystal Growth

ChemNanoMat ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. 698-707 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guillermo González‐Rubio ◽  
Leonardo Scarabelli ◽  
Andrés Guerrero‐Martínez ◽  
Luis M. Liz‐Marzán
Keyword(s):  
Symmetry Breaking ◽  
Colloidal Gold ◽  
Nanocrystal Growth ◽  
Gold Nanocrystal ◽  
Surfactant Assisted

Symmetry breaking during nanocrystal growth

2017 ◽  
Vol 53 (33) ◽  
pp. 4530-4541 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyle D. Gilroy ◽  
Hsin-Chieh Peng ◽  
Xuan Yang ◽  
Aleksey Ruditskiy ◽  
Younan Xia
Keyword(s):  
Symmetry Breaking ◽  
Nanocrystal Growth ◽  
Wet Chemical

This article highlights the mechanisms that guide the growth of nanocrystals to asymmetric shapes based on rationally designed wet-chemical syntheses.

Chloroaurate ions below organic monolayers: Competitive accumulation and gold nanocrystal growth

2020 ◽  
Vol 754 ◽  
pp. 137774
Author(s):  
Suresh Kumar Soni ◽  
Kaushik Das ◽  
Ashim Chandra Bhowal ◽  
Raktim J. Sarmah ◽  
Philippe Fontaine ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Monolayers ◽  
Nanocrystal Growth ◽  
Gold Nanocrystal

Designing Strong Optical Absorbers via Continuous Tuning of Interparticle Interaction in Colloidal Gold Nanocrystal Assemblies

ACS Nano ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 7493-7501 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenxiang Chen ◽  
Jiacen Guo ◽  
Qinghua Zhao ◽  
Prashanth Gopalan ◽  
Aaron T. Fafarman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colloidal Gold ◽  
Interparticle Interaction ◽  
Continuous Tuning ◽  
Gold Nanocrystal

3-D organization of fibrinogen receptors using computer reconstruction and whole-mount microscopy

1988 ◽  
Vol 46 ◽  
pp. 30-31
Author(s):  
E. T. O'Toole ◽  
R. R. Hantgan ◽  
J. C. Lewis
Keyword(s):  
Whole Blood ◽  
Colloidal Gold ◽  
Blood Platelets ◽  
Cell Contact ◽  
Computer Assisted ◽  
Adherent Cells ◽  
Differential Centrifugation ◽  
Computer Reconstruction ◽  
Sds Page ◽  
Whole Mount

Thrombocytes (TC), the avian equivalent of blood platelets, support hemostasis by aggregating at sites of injury. Studies in our lab suggested that fibrinogen (fib) is a requisite cofactor for TC aggregation but operates by an undefined mechanism. To study the interaction of fib with TC and to identify fib receptors on cells, fib was purified from pigeon plasma, conjugated to colloidal gold and used both to facilitate aggregation and as a receptor probe. Described is the application of computer assisted reconstruction and stereo whole mount microscopy to visualize the 3-D organization of fib receptors at sites of cell contact in TC aggregates and on adherent cells.Pigeon TC were obtained from citrated whole blood by differential centrifugation, washed with Ca++ free Hank's balanced salts containing 0.3% EDTA (pH 6.5) and resuspended in Ca++ free Hank's. Pigeon fib was isolated by precipitation with PEG-1000 and the purity assessed by SDS-PAGE. Fib was conjugated to 25nm colloidal gold by vortexing and the conjugates used as the ligand to identify fib receptors.

The Application of Protein A-Gold Immunocytochemistry to Studies of Protein Secretion

1985 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
pp. 426-429
Author(s):  
George H. Herbener ◽  
Antonio Nanci ◽  
Moise Bendayan
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Section ◽  
Colloidal Gold ◽  
Unit Area ◽  
Protein A ◽  
Extracellular Proteins ◽  
Gold Complex ◽  
Second Step ◽  
Igg Antibodies ◽  
Tissue Sections ◽  
Antigenic Sites

Protein A-gold immunocytochemistry is a two-step, post-embedding labeling procedure which may be applied to tissue sections to localize intra- and extracellular proteins. The key requisite for immunocytochemistry is the availability of the appropriate antibody to react in an immune response with the antigenic sites on the protein of interest. During the second step, protein A-gold complex is reacted with the antibody. This is a non- specific reaction in that protein A will combine with most IgG antibodies. The ‘label’ visualized in the electron microscope is colloidal gold. Since labeling is restricted to the surface of the tissue section and since colloidal gold is particulate, labeling density, i.e., the number of gold particles per unit area of tissue section, may be quantitated with ease and accuracy.

Comparative strengths and weaknesses of peroxidase and colloidal gold in pre- and post-embedding immunolabeling techniques

1987 ◽  
Vol 45 ◽  
pp. 1002-1005
Author(s):  
D. R. Abrahamson ◽  
P. L. St.John ◽  
E. W. Perry
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Horseradish Peroxidase ◽  
Light Microscopy ◽  
Colloidal Gold ◽  
Light Microscope ◽  
Ultrastructural Localization ◽  
The Other ◽  
Quantitative Studies ◽  
Dense Suspension ◽  
Antigen Localization

Antibodies coupled to tracers for electron microscopy have been instrumental in the ultrastructural localization of antigens within cells and tissues. Among the most popular tracers are horseradish peroxidase (HRP), an enzyme that yields an osmiophilic reaction product, and colloidal gold, an electron dense suspension of particles. Some advantages of IgG-HRP conjugates are that they are readily synthesized, relatively small, and the immunolabeling obtained in a given experiment can be evaluated in the light microscope. In contrast, colloidal gold conjugates are available in different size ranges and multiple labeling as well as quantitative studies can therefore be undertaken through particle counting. On the other hand, gold conjugates are generally larger than those of HRP but usually can not be visualized with light microscopy. Concern has been raised, however, that HRP reaction product, which is exquisitely sensitive when generated properly, may in some cases distribute to sites distant from the original binding of the conjugate and therefore result in spurious antigen localization.

Intralysosomal Accumulation of Colloidal Gold-Low Density Lipoprotein Conjugates in Chloroquine-Treated Fibroblasts

1985 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
pp. 546-547 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dean A. Handley ◽  
Cynthia M. Arbeeny ◽  
Larry D. Witte
Keyword(s):  
Colloidal Gold ◽  
Cultured Cells ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Coated Vesicle ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Cholesterol Esters ◽  
Cultured Fibroblasts ◽  
Surface Receptors ◽  
Ldl Particles

Low density lipoproteins (LDL) are the major cholesterol carrying particles in the blood. Using cultured cells, it has been shown that LDL particles interact with specific surface receptors and are internalized via a coated pit-coated vesicle pathway for lysosomal catabolism. This (Pathway has been visualized using LDL labeled to ferritin or colloidal gold. It is now recognized that certain lysomotropic agents, such as chloroquine, inhibit lysosomal enzymes that degrade protein and cholesterol esters. By interrupting cholesterol ester hydrolysis, chloroquine treatment results in lysosomal accumulation of cholesterol esters from internalized LDL. Using LDL conjugated to colloidal gold, we have examined the ultrastructural effects of chloroquine on lipoprotein uptake by normal cultured fibroblasts.

Ultrastructural analysis of the spatial distribution of MRNA

1992 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 552-553
Author(s):  
Gary Bassell ◽  
Robert H. Singer
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
In Situ Hybridization ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Nucleic Acids ◽  
Colloidal Gold ◽  
Dna Probe ◽  
Nucleotide Analogs ◽  
Gold Particles

We have been investigating the spatial distribution of nucleic acids intracellularly using in situ hybridization. The use of non-isotopic nucleotide analogs incorporated into the DNA probe allows the detection of the probe at its site of hybridization within the cell. This approach therefore is compatible with the high resolution available by electron microscopy. Biotinated or digoxigenated probe can be detected by antibodies conjugated to colloidal gold. Because mRNA serves as a template for the probe fragments, the colloidal gold particles are detected as arrays which allow it to be unequivocally distinguished from background.

Segregation of cell adhesion molecules into membrane microdomains facilitates leukocyte-endothelial interactions

1995 ◽  
Vol 53 ◽  
pp. 780-781
Author(s):  
S.L. Erlandsen
Keyword(s):  
Cell Surface ◽  
Adhesion Molecules ◽  
Colloidal Gold ◽  
High Spatial Resolution ◽  
Low Voltage ◽  
Cellular Adhesion ◽  
Membrane Microdomains ◽  
Immunogold Label ◽  
Cellular Adhesion Molecules ◽  
Electron Detection

Cells interact with their extracellular environments by means of a variety of cellular adhesion molecules (CAM) and surface ligands. In many instances, CAMs interact in a sequential temporal fashion which suggests that these adhesion molecules may occupy or be polarized to various membrane microdomains on the cell surface. Detection of CAMs can be accomplished by a variety of methods including immunofluorescent microscopy and flow cytometry, and by the use of immunocytochemical markers (i.e. colloidal gold) in electron microscopy. The development of high resolution field emission SEM in the mid 1980's and the Autrata modification of the YAG detector for backscatter electron detection at low voltage has greatly facilitated the recognition of colloidal gold probes for detection of surface CAMs. Low voltage FESEM with Bse imaging provides increased resolution of cell surface topography (~3nm at 3-4 keV) which can be observed in 3-dimensions, and simultaneously permits detection/high spatial resolution of immunogold label by atomic number contrast.

Ultrastructural Localization of Antigens by Capillary Action Immunocytochemistry

1996 ◽  
Vol 54 ◽  
pp. 40-41
Author(s):  
László G. Kömüves
Keyword(s):  
San Francisco ◽  
Colloidal Gold ◽  
Specific Binding ◽  
Ultrastructural Localization ◽  
Ultrastructural Level ◽  
Uranyl Acetate ◽  
Adhesive Tape ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Capillary Action ◽  
Rabbit Igg

Light microscopic immunohistochemistry based on the principle of capillary action staining is a widely used method to localize antigens. Capillary action immunostaining, however, has not been tested or applied to detect antigens at the ultrastructural level. The aim of this work was to establish a capillary action staining method for localization of intracellular antigens, using colloidal gold probes.Post-embedding capillary action immunocytochemistry was used to detect maternal IgG in the small intestine of newborn suckling piglets. Pieces of the jejunum of newborn piglets suckled for 12 h were fixed and embedded into LR White resin. Sections on nickel grids were secured on a capillary action glass slide (100 μm wide capillary gap, Bio-Tek Solutions, Santa Barbara CA, distributed by CMS, Houston, TX) by double sided adhesive tape. Immunolabeling was performed by applying reagents over the grids using capillary action and removing reagents by blotting on filter paper. Reagents for capillary action staining were from Biomeda (Foster City, CA). The following steps were performed: 1) wet the surface of the sections with automation buffer twice, 5 min each; 2) block non-specific binding sites with tissue conditioner, 10 min; 3) apply first antibody (affinity-purified rabbit anti-porcine IgG, Sigma Chem. Co., St. Louis, MO), diluted in probe diluent, 1 hour; 4) wash with automation buffer three times, 5 min each; 5) apply gold probe (goat anti-rabbit IgG conjugated to 10 nm colloidal gold, Zymed Laboratories, South San Francisco, CA) diluted in probe diluent, 30 min; 6) wash with automation buffer three times, 5 min each; 7) post-fix with 5% glutaraldehyde in PBS for 10 min; 8) wash with PBS twice, 5 min each; 9) contrast with 1% OSO4 in PBS for 15 min; 10) wash with PBS followed by distilled water for5 min each; 11) stain with 2% uranyl acetate for 10 min; 12) stain with lead citrate for 2 min; 13) wash with distilled water three times, 1 min each. The glass slides were separated, and the grids were air-dried, then removed from the adhesive tape. The following controls were used to ensure the specificity of labeling: i) omission of the first antibody; ii) normal rabbit IgG in lieu of first antibody; iii) rabbit anti-porcine IgG absorbed with porcine IgG.

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