Investigation of the role of diffusivity on spreading, rate, and merging of the bell-shaped waves in slow axonal transport

2010 ◽  
Vol 27 (7) ◽  
pp. 1040-1053 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. V. Kuznetsov ◽  
A. A. Avramenko ◽  
D. G. Blinov
Keyword(s):  
Axonal Transport ◽  
Spreading Rate ◽  
Slow Axonal Transport

scholarly journals The Role of Stretching in Slow Axonal Transport

2011 ◽  
Vol 100 (3) ◽  
pp. 443a
Author(s):  
Matthew R. O'Toole ◽  
Kyle E. Miller
Keyword(s):  
Axonal Transport ◽  
Slow Axonal Transport

scholarly journals The Role of Stretching in Slow Axonal Transport

2011 ◽  
Vol 100 (2) ◽  
pp. 351-360 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew O'Toole ◽  
Kyle E. Miller
Keyword(s):  
Axonal Transport ◽  
Slow Axonal Transport

Role of Vasavaleha in the management of Covid19

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (SPL1) ◽  
pp. 259-261
Author(s):  
Aamir Khan ◽  
Rajni K. Gurmule
Keyword(s):  
Immune System ◽  
Human Body ◽  
Respiratory Diseases ◽  
Spreading Rate ◽  
Host Immune System ◽  
Shortness Of Breath ◽  
Antitussive Effect ◽  
Corona Viruses ◽  
Very High

Vasavaleha is one of the best medicine given for respiratory diseases. Corona viruses typically affect the respiratory system, causing symptoms such as coughing, fever and shortness of breath. It also affects host immune system of human body. Spreading rate of this disease is very high. Whole world is seeking for the treatment which can uproots this diseases. There in no vaccine available till date against this pandemic disease. Ayurveda mainly focuses on prevention of diseases alongwith its total cure. Rajyakshma Vyadhi is MadhyamMarga Roga as per Ayurveda. It shows many symptoms such as Kasa, Shwasa etc. By overall view of Covid 19, shows its resemblance with Rajyakshma Vyadhi described in Ayurveda. Vasavaleha is a Kalpa which is described in Rogadhikara of Rajyakshma. It shows Kasahara, Shwashara properties. It consists of Vasa, Pipalli, Madhu and Goghrita. These components shows actions like bronchodilation, antitussive effect and many more other actions. Pipalli shows important Rasayana effect. So in present review, we have tried to focus on role of Vasavaleha in the management of Covid 19. This can be used as preventive as well as adjuvant medication in treating Covid 19. There is need of further clinical research to rule of exact action of Vasavaleha against Covid 19.

scholarly journals Kinesin Mutations Cause Motor Neuron Disease Phenotypes by Disrupting Fast Axonal Transport in Drosophila

Genetics ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 144 (3) ◽  
pp. 1075-1085 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daryl D Hurd ◽  
William M Saxton
Keyword(s):  
Motor Neuron ◽  
Axonal Transport ◽  
Action Potentials ◽  
Light And Electron Microscopy ◽  
Synaptic Membrane ◽  
Slow Axonal Transport ◽  
Fast Axonal Transport ◽  
Motor Neuron Diseases ◽  
Transmitter Secretion ◽  
Axon Terminals

Abstract Previous work has shown that mutation of the gene that encodes the microtubule motor subunit kinesin heavy chain (Khc) in Drosophila inhibits neuronal sodium channel activity, action potentials and neurotransmitter secretion. These physiological defects cause progressive distal paralysis in larvae. To identify the cellular defects that cause these phenotypes, larval nerves were studied by light and electron microscopy. The axons of Khc mutants develop dramatic focal swellings along their lengths. The swellings are packed with fast axonal transport cargoes including vesicles, synaptic membrane proteins, mitochondria and prelysosomal organelles, but not with slow axonal transport cargoes such as cytoskeletal elements. Khc mutations also impair the development of larval motor axon terminals, causing dystrophic morphology and marked reductions in synaptic bouton numbers. These observations suggest that as the concentration of maternally provided wild-type KHC decreases, axonal organelles transported by kinesin periodically stall. This causes organelle jams that disrupt retrograde as well as anterograde fast axonal transport, leading to defective action potentials, dystrophic terminals, reduced transmitter secretion and progressive distal paralysis. These phenotypes parallel the pathologies of some vertebrate motor neuron diseases, including some forms of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), and suggest that impaired fast axonal transport is a key element in those diseases.

scholarly journals Identification and developmental regulation of a neuron-specific subunit of cytoplasmic dynein.

1996 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 331-343 ◽  
Author(s):  
K K Pfister ◽  
M W Salata ◽  
J F Dillman ◽  
E Torre ◽  
R J Lye
Keyword(s):  
Axonal Transport ◽  
Developmental Regulation ◽  
Cytoplasmic Dynein ◽  
Retrograde Axonal Transport ◽  
Protein Isoforms ◽  
Cultured Neurons ◽  
Developmentally Regulated ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Intermediate Chains

Cytoplasmic dynein is the microtubule minus-end-directed motor for the retrograde axonal transport of membranous organelles. Because of its similarity to the intermediate chains of flagellar dynein, the 74-kDa intermediate chain (IC74) subunit of dynein is thought to be involved in binding dynein to its membranous organelle cargo. Previously, we identified six isoforms of the IC74 cytoplasmic dynein subunit in the brain. We further demonstrated that cultured glia and neurons expressed different dynein IC74 isoforms and phospho-isoforms. Two isoforms were observed when dynein from glia was analyzed. When dynein from cultured neurons was analyzed, six IC74 isoforms were observed, although the relative amounts of the dynein isoforms from cultured neurons differed from those found in dynein from brain. To better understand the role of the neuronal IC74 isoforms and identify neuron-specific IC74 dynein subunits, the expression of the IC74 protein isoforms and mRNAs of various tissues were compared. As a result of this comparison, the identity of each of the isoform spots observed on two-dimensional gels was correlated with the products of each of the IC74 mRNAs. We also found that between the fifteenth day of gestation (E15) and the fifth day after birth (P5), the relative expression of the IC74 protein isoforms changes, demonstrating that the expression of IC74 isoforms is developmentally regulated in brain. During this time period, there is relatively little change in the abundance of the various IC74 mRNAs. The E15 to P5 time period is one of rapid process extension and initial pattern formation in the rat brain. This result indicates that the changes in neuronal IC74 isoforms coincide with neuronal differentiation, in particular the extension of processes. This suggests a role for the neuronal IC74 isoforms in the establishment or regulation of retrograde axonal transport.

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