Structure and function of gustatory neurons in the nucleus of the solitary tract. I. A classification of neurons based on morphological features

1994 ◽  
Vol 347 (4) ◽  
pp. 531-544 ◽  
Author(s):  
William E. Renehan ◽  
Zhigao Jin ◽  
Xueguo Zhang ◽  
Laura Schweitzer
Keyword(s):  
Structure And Function ◽  
Morphological Features ◽  
Solitary Tract ◽  
And Function ◽  
Gustatory Neurons

scholarly journals IX. On the structure and development of the liver

1849 ◽  
Vol 139 ◽  
pp. 109-137 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Royal Society ◽  
A Priori ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Structure And Function ◽  
Conclusive Evidence ◽  
Interesting Paper ◽  
Biliary Ducts ◽  
And Function ◽  
Do So

In venturing to offer a second communication to the Royal Society respecting the structure of the liver, I feel the rather anxious to do so, that I may have an opportunity of correcting an error and supplying a deficiency which existed in my previous paper. In the following observations I purpose to present some account of the structure of the liver examined in the ascending series of animals, and also to describe the several stages of its evolution in the embryo; in this way I trust I may be able to exhibit the characteristic structural features of the organ as it exists in Man and the higher animals, and also to determine the true place which ought to be assigned to it in a classification of the various glandular organs occurring in the same. I am not aware that any detailed account of the structure of the liver has been recently published, except that by M. Natalis Guillot, which however, so far as I comprehend it, does not seem to be one that can be readily accepted; the idea that the minute biliary ducts and lymphatics originate together in a common net-work, is à priori improbable, and entirely opposed to conclusive evidence (as I think), which will be subsequently adduced. A very interesting paper on the structure and function of the liver has also appeared in the 4th volume of the Guy’s Hospital Reports, from the pen of Dr. Williams; to his labours I shall several times have occasion to refer, but it will be seen that I differ from him in several particulars, especially respecting the importance of the basement or limitary membrane.

The heart as a functional unit

ESC CardioMed ◽  
2018 ◽  
pp. 76-81
Author(s):  
Philip J. Kilner ◽  
Sonya V. Babu-Narayan
Keyword(s):  
Functional Unit ◽  
Structure And Function ◽  
Morphological Features ◽  
Metabolic Rates ◽  
Evolutionary Origins ◽  
And Function

This chapter and Chapter 3.6 address the interrelatedness of heart form, structure, and function. The principle of reciprocation between the alternate contractions of atrial and ventricular cavities is outlined, and it is explained how it is enhanced with the increased output of exercise by virtue of the directions of the forces associated with changes of momentum through the looped curvatures of the heart. The human heart’s sinuous paths of flow and its fully septated, four-chamber arrangement are features shared by the hearts of other mammals and the birds, which are also warm-blooded with relatively high cardiac outputs for high metabolic rates. These morphological features are not found among the hearts of the exothermic invertebrate phyla such as worms, arthropods, or molluscs. The possible evolutionary origins and potential functional advantages of cardiac septation for mammalian life are considered. This chapter addresses the interrelatedness of macroscopic structural morphodynamics with the fluid morphodynamics of passing blood streams while Chapter 3.6 considers the smaller-scale morphodynamics of myocardium in an attempt to convey a multiscale morphodynamic interpretation of the heart form, structure, and function.

scholarly journals Comprehensive in silico Analysis of IKBKAP gene that could potentially cause Familial dysautonomia

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mujahed I. Mustafa ◽  
Enas A. Osman ◽  
Abdelrahman H. Abdelmoneiom ◽  
Dania M. Hassn ◽  
Hadeel M. Yousif ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
In Silico ◽  
Genetic Disorder ◽  
In Silico Analysis ◽  
Familial Dysautonomia ◽  
Structural Effect ◽  
Structure And Function ◽  
Genetic Studies ◽  
And Function ◽  
Silico Analysis

AbstractBackgroundFamilial dysautonomia (FD) is a rare neurodevelopmental genetic disorder within the larger classification of hereditary sensory and autonomic neuropathies. We aimed to identify the pathogenic SNPs in IKBKAP gene by computational analysis software’s, and to determine the structure, function and regulation of their respective proteins.Materials and MethodsWe carried out in silico analysis of structural effect of each SNP using different bioinformatics tools to predict SNPs influence on protein structure and function.Result41 novel mutations out of 973 nsSNPs that are found be deleterious effect on the IKBKAP structure and function.ConclusionThis is the first in silico analysis in IKBKAP gene to prioritize SNPs for further genetic studies.

scholarly journals Structure-Function Relationship of the Disintegrin Family: Sequence Signature and Integrin Interaction

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ariana A. Vasconcelos ◽  
Jorge C. Estrada ◽  
Victor David ◽  
Luciana S. Wermelinger ◽  
Fabio C. L. Almeida ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Snake Venom ◽  
Disulfide Bonds ◽  
Structure And Function ◽  
Matrix Interaction ◽  
Cell Matrix ◽  
Snake Venom Metalloproteinase ◽  
Function Relationship ◽  
And Function ◽  
Relationship Of

Disintegrins are small cysteine-rich proteins found in a variety of snake venom. These proteins selectively modulate integrin function, heterodimeric receptors involved in cell-cell and cell-matrix interaction that are widely studied as therapeutic targets. Snake venom disintegrins emerged from the snake venom metalloproteinase and are classified according to the sequence size and number of disulfide bonds. Evolutive structure and function diversification of disintegrin family involves a stepwise decrease in the polypeptide chain, loss of cysteine residues, and selectivity. Since the structure elucidation of echistatin, the description of the structural properties of disintegrins has allowed the investigation of the mechanisms involved in integrin-cell-extracellular matrix interaction. This review provides an analysis of the structures of all family groups enabling the description of an expanded classification of the disintegrin family in seven groups. Each group presents a particular disulfide pattern and sequence signatures, facilitating the identification of new disintegrins. The classification was based on the disintegrin-like domain of the human metalloproteinase (ADAM-10). We also present the sequence and structural signatures important for disintegrin-integrin interaction, unveiling the relationship between the structure and function of these proteins.

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