Gonadal steroids regulate immunoreactive tachykinin in the ventromedial nucleus of the rat hypothalamus

1994 ◽  
Vol 341 (3) ◽  
pp. 351-356 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas R. Akesson
Keyword(s):  
Gonadal Steroids ◽  
Ventromedial Nucleus ◽  
Rat Hypothalamus

Spike electric activity in the ventromedial nucleus of the rat hypothalamus during aging

2021 ◽  
Vol 171 (2) ◽  
pp. 219-222
Author(s):  
K. Yu. Moiseev ◽  
◽  
A. A. Spirichev ◽  
L. G. Pankrasheva ◽  
A. S. Martyusheva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electric Activity ◽  
Ventromedial Nucleus ◽  
Rat Hypothalamus

Dose response to carbachol and norepinephrine in rat hypothalamus

1964 ◽  
Vol 206 (6) ◽  
pp. 1384-1388 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neal E. Miller ◽  
Kay S. Gottesman ◽  
Nona Emery
Keyword(s):  
Dose Response ◽  
Weak Solutions ◽  
Ventromedial Nucleus ◽  
Liquid Food ◽  
Rat Hypothalamus ◽  
Higher Doses

One microliter of various concentrations of carbachol or norepinephrine was injected via a chronic cannula into the "feeding-drinking" area of the hypothalamus of satiated rats. Doses of 2.7 through 24 x 10–10 m of carbachol elicited drinking of increasing amounts of water, but progressively higher doses elicited less drinking, some lethargy, and then convulsions. Similar, but probably less, responsiveness occurred to injections of the ventromedial nucleus. Control and weak solutions did not elicit drinking; no dose of carbachol elicited appreciable eating of solid, or drinking of a liquid food, namely, a Metrecal solution made slightly salty so that normally thirsty rats preferred water to it. Doses of from 24 through 216 x 10–10 m norepinephrine elicited drinking of salty Metrecal ( P < .10), while 648 x 10–10 m elicited reliable consumption of this food. Still higher doses elicited less "eating," some lethargy, and eventually a few convulsions. Control and weak injections did not elicit eating. No drinking of water was elicited at any level of norepinephrine. Histologically determined placement of cannulas correlated with amount of response for both substances.

Regulation by Gonadal Steroids of the mRNA Encoding for a Type I Receptor for TGF-β in the Female Rat Hypothalamus

2002 ◽  
Vol 76 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sébastien Bouret ◽  
Vincent Prevot ◽  
Toru Takumi ◽  
Jean-Claude Beauvillain ◽  
Valérie Mitchell
Keyword(s):  
Gonadal Steroids ◽  
Type I ◽  
Female Rat ◽  
Rat Hypothalamus

PEPTIDASE ACTIVITY IN DIFFERENT AREAS OF THE RAT HYPOTHALAMUS

1974 ◽  
Vol 77 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. C. Griffiths ◽  
K. C. Hooper
Keyword(s):  
Gonadal Steroids ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Supernatant Fraction ◽  
Normal Male ◽  
Peptidase Activity ◽  
Gonadal Steroid ◽  
Rat Hypothalamus ◽  
Selective Distribution ◽  
Male And Female Rats ◽  
Hypothalamic Level

ABSTRACT To provide further information on the function of peptidases present in the rat hypothalamus which are capable of inactivating oxytocin, these enzymes' activity was investigated in anterior, middle and posterior hypothalamic areas of normal male and female rats, gonadectomized rats and rats gonadectomized and injected with gonadal steroids (oestradiol in female animals, testosterone in males). Peptidase activity in the supernatant fraction was distributed unevenly through the hypothalamus with the majority of activity in the anterior and middle areas from both sexes; particulate peptidase activity occurred principally in the middle and posterior areas. Gonadectomy selectively decreased supernatant activity in the anterior and middle areas, whereas steroid treatment reversed this effect, but neither caused any change in particulate activity from female rats and only small changes in male animals. These results are interpreted as indicating a selective distribution of supernatant peptidase activity in those hypothalamic areas responsible for luteinizing hormone – releasing factor (LRF) synthesis and release, and confirming previous findings that this fraction may be involved in LRF metabolism. They may also suggest the sites of gonadal steroid feedback at the hypothalamic level.

Evoked release of [14C]norepinephrine from the rat hypothalamus during feeding

1975 ◽  
Vol 229 (6) ◽  
pp. 1547-1555 ◽  
Author(s):  
GE Martin ◽  
RD Myers
Keyword(s):  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Lateral Ventricle ◽  
Ventromedial Hypothalamus ◽  
Catecholamine Release ◽  
Ventromedial Nucleus ◽  
Rat Hypothalamus ◽  
Artificial Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Sensory Motor ◽  
Endogenous Catecholamines

The pattern of catecholamine release was studied at sites adjacent to the lateral ventricle or in the anterior, dorsomedial or ventromedial hypothalamus of the rat as it was feeding. Endogenous stores of norepinephrine (NE) were first labeled by the microinjection of [14C]NE into these circumscribed sites. Subsequently, [14C]NE release was examined by repeated perfusions of an artificial cerebrospinal fluid through a push-pull cannula at the rate of 23 mul/min for 5-10 min every 30 min. After successive control perfusates were collected, food or water was given to the animal. During an interval of feeding, a significant efflux of [14C]NE and its metabolites occurred reliably from midline structures of the hypothalamus at the level of the ventromedial nucleus. Although the feeding-related output of [14C]NE detected within the anterior hypothalamus was lower, [14C]NE was also released from this region when the rat pressed a lever to obtain food pellets. These results support the view that endogenous catecholamines underlie, at least partially, diencephalic mechanisms controlling food intake, including sensory, motor, or motivational components.

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