Formation within sensory nucleus V of synaptic associations mediating cutaneous localization

1949 ◽  
Vol 90 (3) ◽  
pp. 403-423 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. W. Sperry ◽  
Nancy Miner
Keyword(s):  
Cutaneous Localization ◽  
Sensory Nucleus

Lingual Mechanoreceptive Information II

1982 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 357-363
Author(s):  
James P. Bowman
Keyword(s):  
Trigeminal Nerve ◽  
Somatosensory System ◽  
Single Pulse ◽  
Lingual Nerve ◽  
Medial Lemniscus ◽  
Trigeminal Nuclei ◽  
Sensorimotor Activity ◽  
Contralateral Projection ◽  
Sensory Nucleus ◽  
Ipsilateral Projection

The extent to which the known trigeminothalamic projections are related to afferents from specific peripheral branches of the trigeminal nerve is not clearly revealed by degeneration studies involving lesions of the various trigeminal nuclei. This study examines the ascending projections related to the lingual branch of the trigeminal nerve using the evoked-potential technique in pentobarbital anesthetized rhesus monkeys. The distribution of potentials within the medulla, pons, and midbrain was determined by recording with macroelectrodes following single-pulse stimulation of the lingual nerve. Results show that two pathways from the main sensory nucleus convey lingual nerve information to the thalamic ventral posteromedial nucleus: an ipsilateral projection which in position corresponds to the dorsal trigeminal tract, and a larger contralateral projection which in position corresponds to the crossed ventral trigeminal tract, or trigeminal lemniscus. Additionally, the spinal trigeminal nucleus contributes fibers of lingual nerve origin to the contralateral medial lemniscus. The role of low-threshold mechanoreceptive information in lingual sensorimotor activity is discussed in relation to current concepts of somatosensory system function.

Multiple Marker Studies on a Malignant Fibrous Histiocytoma with Primary Cutaneous Localization

1988 ◽  
Vol 74 (5) ◽  
pp. 609-615 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silvia Moretti ◽  
Marco Santucci ◽  
Laura Brogelli ◽  
Alessandro Palermo ◽  
Umberto Maria Reali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Malignant Fibrous Histiocytoma ◽  
Fibrous Histiocytoma ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Mononuclear Phagocyte ◽  
Neoplastic Cells ◽  
Phenotypic Profile ◽  
Cytoplasmic Proteins ◽  
Cutaneous Localization ◽  
Marker Studies ◽  
Alpha 1 Antitrypsin

Continuing controversy exists concerning a possible relation between neoplastic cells of malignant fibrous histiocytoma (MFH) and the mononuclear phagocyte system. The aim of this study was to investigate the membrane and cytoenzymatic phenotype of a primary cutaneous MFH, storiform pleomorphic type, and to compare these data with ultrastructural observations. Cytoplasmic proteins (acid phosphatase, non specific esterase, alpha-1 antitrypsin, and lysozyme) suggestive of a mononuclear phagocyte origin were demonstrated in varying amounts in neoplastic cells infiltrating the dermis. Consistent with these data, two (LeuM3 and OKM5) out of four (OKM1 and LeuM1) monoclonal antibodies directed against mononuclear phagocyte antigens stained most of the neoplastic cells. Class II MCH antigens (DR and DQ) were variably expressed on distinct groups of neoplastic cells, suggesting different activation/differentiation states. The results favor the view that the present case of primary cutaneous MFH was of mononuclear phagocyte origin. However, the observed phenotypic profile was expressed on neoplastic cells irrespective of their ultrastructural morphology (histiocytic or fibroblastic). Together with previous data in the literature, the latter finding corroborates the view that distinction between these two cell types in MFH is likely to reflect divergent growth and differentiation patterns rather than histogenesis.

scholarly journals Severe Headache with Eye Involvement from Herpes Zoster Ophthalmicus, Trigeminal Tract, and Brainstem Nuclei

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sasitorn Siritho ◽  
Wadchara Pumpradit ◽  
Wiboon Suriyajakryuththana ◽  
Krit Pongpirul
Keyword(s):  
Trigeminal Nerve ◽  
Maculopapular Rash ◽  
Cervical Cord ◽  
Gasserian Ganglion ◽  
Herpes Zoster Ophthalmicus ◽  
Trigeminal Nuclei ◽  
Upper Cervical ◽  
Sensory Nucleus ◽  
The Right ◽  
Orbital Imaging

A 43-year-old female presented with severe sharp stabbing right-sided periorbital and retroorbital area headache, dull-aching unilateral jaw pain, eyelid swelling, ptosis, and tearing of the right eye but no rash. The pain episodes lasted five minutes to one hour and occurred 10–15 times per day with unremitting milder pain between the attacks. She later developed an erythematous maculopapular rash over the right forehead and therefore was treated with antivirals. MRI performed one month after the onset revealed small hypersignal-T2 in the right dorsolateral mid-pons and from the right dorsolateral aspect of the pontomedullary region to the right dorsolateral aspect of the upper cervical cord, along the course of the principal sensory nucleus and spinal nucleus of the right trigeminal nerve. No definite contrast enhancement of the right brain stem/upper cervical cord was seen. Orbital imaging showed no abnormality of bilateral optic nerves/chiasm, extraocular muscles, and globes. Slight enhancement of the right V1, V2, and the cisterna right trigeminal nerve was detected. Our findings support the hypothesis of direct involvement by virus theory, reflecting rostral viral transmission along the gasserian ganglion to the trigeminal nuclei at brainstem and caudal spreading along the descending tract of CN V.

The central projections of lateral line and cutaneous sensory fibres (VII and X) in Xenopus laevis

1982 ◽  
Vol 216 (1204) ◽  
pp. 279-297 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Xenopus Laevis ◽  
Reticular Formation ◽  
Lateral Line ◽  
Functional Significance ◽  
Contralateral Side ◽  
Central Projections ◽  
Posterior Portion ◽  
Sensory Nucleus ◽  
Spinal Pathway ◽  
Central Terminal

The central terminal fields of anterior (VII) and posterior (X) lateral line nerves, as well as the somatosensory fibres of VII and X, have been studied in Xenopus laevis by CoCl 2 backfilling of appropriate nerves followed by Timms intensification of whole brains. Lateral line fibres terminate in a dorsomedial region of the medulla that extends from the auricular lobe of the cerebellum to the obex. There is great overlap in the terminal fields of lateral line fibres from nerves innervating different groups of stitches.The technique also reveals second order cells within the lateral line nucleus, just ventral and medial to the zone of fibre termination. Lateral line efferent cell bodies lie within the medullary motor areas and their ventrally descending dendrites ramify profusely within the reticular formation. Somatosensory fibres of VII and X project into a totally separate medullary-spinal pathway, the tractus descendens trigemini. Collaterals of these fibres innervate an area of neuropil considered to be the most posterior portion of the trigeminal sensory nucleus. At the region of the calamus scriptus further collaterals ramify within distinct transversely arranged plexi and may decussate to inner­vate similar plexi on the contralateral side. The functional significance of these anatomical findings is discussed.

scholarly journals Neuronal responses to tactile stimuli and tactile sensations evoked by microstimulation in the human thalamic principal somatic sensory nucleus (ventral caudal)

2016 ◽  
Vol 115 (5) ◽  
pp. 2421-2433 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne-Christine Schmid ◽  
Jui-Hong Chien ◽  
Joel D. Greenspan ◽  
Ira Garonzik ◽  
Nirit Weiss ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Chronic Pain ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Single Neuron ◽  
The Body ◽  
Neuronal Responses ◽  
Tactile Stimuli ◽  
Sensory Nucleus ◽  
Tactile Sensations ◽  
Sensory Abnormality

The normal organization and plasticity of the cutaneous core of the thalamic principal somatosensory nucleus (ventral caudal, Vc) have been studied by single-neuron recordings and microstimulation in patients undergoing awake stereotactic operations for essential tremor (ET) without apparent somatic sensory abnormality and in patients with dystonia or chronic pain secondary to major nervous system injury. In patients with ET, most Vc neurons responded to one of the four stimuli, each of which optimally activates one mechanoreceptor type. Sensations evoked by microstimulation were similar to those evoked by the optimal stimulus only among rapidly adapting neurons. In patients with ET, Vc was highly segmented somatotopically, and vibration, movement, pressure, and sharp sensations were usually evoked by microstimulation at separate sites in Vc. In patients with conditions including spinal cord transection, amputation, or dystonia, RFs were mismatched with projected fields more commonly than in patients with ET. The representation of the border of the anesthetic area (e.g., stump) or of the dystonic limb was much larger than that of the same part of the body in patients with ET. This review describes the organization and reorganization of human Vc neuronal activity in nervous system injury and dystonia and then proposes basic mechanisms.

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