scholarly journals Comparative studies on the growth of the cerebral cortex. II. On the increase in the thickness of the cerebral cortex during the postnatal growth of the brain. Albino rat

1917 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 511-591 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naoki Sugita
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Cortex ◽  
Comparative Studies ◽  
Postnatal Growth ◽  
Albino Rat ◽  
The Brain

scholarly journals Mammalian Brains Are Made of These: A Dataset of the Numbers and Densities of Neuronal and Nonneuronal Cells in the Brain of Glires, Primates, Scandentia, Eulipotyphlans, Afrotherians and Artiodactyls, and Their Relationship with Body Mass

2015 ◽  
Vol 86 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 145-163 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suzana Herculano-Houzel ◽  
Kenneth Catania ◽  
Paul R. Manger ◽  
Jon H. Kaas
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Cortex ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Comparative Studies ◽  
Mammalian Species ◽  
Neuronal Cell ◽  
The Body ◽  
Area Of Interest ◽  
Extant Species ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Scaling Rule

Comparative studies amongst extant species are one of the pillars of evolutionary neurobiology. In the 20th century, most comparative studies remained restricted to analyses of brain structure volume and surface areas, besides estimates of neuronal density largely limited to the cerebral cortex. Over the last 10 years, we have amassed data on the numbers of neurons and other cells that compose the entirety of the brain (subdivided into cerebral cortex, cerebellum, and rest of brain) of 39 mammalian species spread over 6 clades, as well as their densities. Here we provide that entire dataset in a format that is readily useful to researchers of any area of interest in the hope that it will foster the advancement of evolutionary and comparative studies well beyond the scope of neuroscience itself. We also reexamine the relationship between numbers of neurons, neuronal densities and body mass, and find that in the rest of brain, but not in the cerebral cortex or cerebellum, there is a single scaling rule that applies to average neuronal cell size, which increases with the linear dimension of the body, even though there is no single scaling rule that relates the number of neurons in the rest of brain to body mass. Thus, larger bodies do not uniformly come with more neurons - but they do fairly uniformly come with larger neurons in the rest of brain, which contains a number of structures directly connected to sources or targets in the body.

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