scholarly journals Exosome/microvesicle content is altered in leucine‐rich repeat kinase 2 mutant induced pluripotent stem cell‐derived neural cells

2019 ◽  
Vol 528 (7) ◽  
pp. 1203-1215
Author(s):  
Kate M. Candelario ◽  
Leonora Balaj ◽  
Tong Zheng ◽  
Johan Skog ◽  
Bjorn Scheffler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cell ◽  
Pluripotent Stem Cell ◽  
Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell ◽  
Neural Cells ◽  
Leucine Rich Repeat ◽  
Induced Pluripotent

Lithium chloride improves the efficiency of induced pluripotent stem cell-derived neurospheres

2015 ◽  
Vol 396 (8) ◽  
pp. 923-928 ◽  
Author(s):  
Azita Parvaneh Tafreshi ◽  
Aude Sylvain ◽  
Guizhi Sun ◽  
Daniella Herszfeld ◽  
Keith Schulze ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cell ◽  
Lithium Chloride ◽  
Pluripotent Stem Cell ◽  
Lithium Treatment ◽  
Formation Rate ◽  
Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell ◽  
Neural Progenitors ◽  
Neural Cells ◽  
Proliferating Cells ◽  
Induced Pluripotent

Abstract Induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived neurospheres, which consist mainly of neural progenitors, are considered to be a good source of neural cells for transplantation in regenerative medicine. In this study, we have used lithium chloride, which is known to be a neuroprotective agent, in an iPSC-derived neurosphere model, and examined both the formation rate and size of the neurospheres as well as the proliferative and apoptotic status of their contents. Our results showed that lithium enhanced the formation and the sizes of the iPSC-derived neurospheres, increased the number of Ki67-positive proliferating cells, but reduced the number of the TUNEL-positive apoptotic cells. This increased number of Ki67 proliferating cells was secondary to the decreased apoptosis and not to the stimulation of cell cycle entry, as the expression of the proliferation marker cyclin D1 mRNA did not change after lithium treatment. Altogether, we suggest that lithium enhances the survival of neural progenitors and thus the quality of the iPSC-derived neurospheres, which may strengthen the prospect of using lithium-treated pluripotent cells and their derivatives in a clinical setting.

scholarly journals Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Models to Investigate Human Cytomegalovirus Infection in Neural Cells

PLoS ONE ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (11) ◽  
pp. e49700 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leonardo D'Aiuto ◽  
Roberto Di Maio ◽  
Brianna Heath ◽  
Giorgio Raimondi ◽  
Jadranka Milosevic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cell ◽  
Human Cytomegalovirus ◽  
Cytomegalovirus Infection ◽  
Pluripotent Stem Cell ◽  
Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell ◽  
Neural Cells ◽  
Human Cytomegalovirus Infection ◽  
Induced Pluripotent

scholarly journals Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Neural Cells Survive and Mature in the Nonhuman Primate Brain

Cell Reports ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 646-650 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marina E. Emborg ◽  
Yan Liu ◽  
Jiajie Xi ◽  
Xiaoqing Zhang ◽  
Yingnan Yin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cell ◽  
Nonhuman Primate ◽  
Pluripotent Stem Cell ◽  
Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell ◽  
Neural Cells ◽  
Primate Brain ◽  
Induced Pluripotent

scholarly journals Human Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Neural Cells and Brain Organoids Reveal SARS-CoV-2 Neurotropism

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fadi Jacob ◽  
Sarshan R. Pather ◽  
Wei-Kai Huang ◽  
Samuel Zheng Hao Wong ◽  
Haowen Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cell ◽  
Choroid Plexus ◽  
Pluripotent Stem Cell ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell ◽  
Neurological Complications ◽  
Experimental Models ◽  
Brain Cells ◽  
Neural Cells ◽  
Induced Pluripotent

SUMMARYNeurological complications are common in patients with COVID-19. While SARS-CoV-2, the causal pathogen of COVID-19, has been detected in some patient brains, its ability to infect brain cells and impact their function are not well understood, and experimental models using human brain cells are urgently needed. Here we investigated the susceptibility of human induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC)-derived monolayer brain cells and region-specific brain organoids to SARS-CoV-2 infection. We found modest numbers of infected neurons and astrocytes, but greater infection of choroid plexus epithelial cells. We optimized a protocol to generate choroid plexus organoids from hiPSCs, which revealed productive SARS-CoV-2 infection that leads to increased cell death and transcriptional dysregulation indicative of an inflammatory response and cellular function deficits. Together, our results provide evidence for SARS-CoV-2 neurotropism and support use of hiPSC-derived brain organoids as a platform to investigate the cellular susceptibility, disease mechanisms, and treatment strategies for SARS-CoV-2 infection.

scholarly journals Molecular correlates of topiramate and GRIK1 rs2832407 genotype in pluripotent stem cell-derived neural cultures

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Lieberman ◽  
Kevin P. Jensen ◽  
Kaitlin Clinton ◽  
Eric S. Levine ◽  
Henry R. Kranzler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cell ◽  
Pluripotent Stem Cell ◽  
Heavy Drinking ◽  
Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell ◽  
Synaptic Activity ◽  
Neural Cells ◽  
Event Frequency ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Neural Cultures ◽  
Induced Pluripotent

AbstractThere is growing evidence that the anticonvulsant topiramate is efficacious in reducing alcohol consumption. Further, an intronic single nucleotide polymorphism (rs2832407, C ➔ A) in the GRIK1 gene, which encodes the GluK1 subunit of the excitatory kainate receptor, predicted topiramate’s effectiveness in reducing heavy drinking in a clinical trial. In the current study, we differentiated a total of 22 induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSCs) lines characterized by GRIK1 rs2832407 genotype (10 A/A and 12 C/C) into forebrain-lineage neural cultures to explore molecular correlates of GRIK1 genotype that may relate to topiramate’s ability to reduce drinking. Our differentiation protocol yielded mixed neural cultures enriched for glutamatergic neurons. Characterization of the GRIK1 locus revealed no effect of rs2832407 genotype on GRIK1 isoform mRNA expression, however a significant difference was observed on GRIK1 antisense-2, with higher expression in C/C neural cultures. Differential effects of acute exposure to 5 μM topiramate were observed on the frequency of spontaneous synaptic activity in A/A vs. C/C neurons, with a smaller reduction in excitatory event frequency and a greater reduction in inhibitory event frequency observed in C/C donor neurons. This work highlights the use of iPSC technologies to study pharmacogenetic treatment effects in psychiatric disorders and furthers our understanding of the molecular effects of topiramate exposure in human neural cells.

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