scholarly journals DNER and NFIA are expressed by developing and mature AII amacrine cells in the mouse retina

2017 ◽  
Vol 526 (3) ◽  
pp. 467-479 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick W. Keeley ◽  
Benjamin E. Reese
Keyword(s):  
Amacrine Cells ◽  
Mouse Retina ◽  
Aii Amacrine Cells ◽  
Aii Amacrine

scholarly journals Synaptic Transfer between Rod and Cone Pathways Mediated by AII Amacrine Cells in the Mouse Retina

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (17) ◽  
pp. 2739-2751.e3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cole W. Graydon ◽  
Evan E. Lieberman ◽  
Nao Rho ◽  
Kevin L. Briggman ◽  
Joshua H. Singer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amacrine Cells ◽  
Mouse Retina ◽  
Aii Amacrine Cells ◽  
Aii Amacrine

Ectopic localization of putative AII amacrine cells in the outer plexiform layer of the developing FVB/N mouse retina

2004 ◽  
Vol 315 (3) ◽  
pp. 407-412 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sung-Jin Park ◽  
Eun-Jin Lim ◽  
Su-Ja Oh ◽  
Jin-Woong Chung ◽  
Dennis W. Rickman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plexiform Layer ◽  
Amacrine Cells ◽  
Outer Plexiform Layer ◽  
Mouse Retina ◽  
Aii Amacrine Cells ◽  
Aii Amacrine

scholarly journals Dark-adapted response threshold of OFF ganglion cells is not set by OFF bipolar cells in the mouse retina

2012 ◽  
Vol 107 (10) ◽  
pp. 2649-2659 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Cyrus Arman ◽  
Alapakkam P. Sampath
Keyword(s):  
Ganglion Cells ◽  
Amacrine Cells ◽  
Bipolar Cells ◽  
Response Threshold ◽  
Mouse Retina ◽  
Signal Flow ◽  
Visual Threshold ◽  
Aii Amacrine Cells ◽  
Aii Amacrine ◽  
Cone Bipolar Cells

The nervous system frequently integrates parallel streams of information to encode a broad range of stimulus strengths. In mammalian retina it is generally believed that signals generated by rod and cone photoreceptors converge onto cone bipolar cells prior to reaching the retinal output, the ganglion cells. Near absolute visual threshold a specialized mammalian retinal circuit, the rod bipolar pathway, pools signals from many rods and converges on depolarizing (AII) amacrine cells. However, whether subsequent signal flow to OFF ganglion cells requires OFF cone bipolar cells near visual threshold remains unclear. Glycinergic synapses between AII amacrine cells and OFF cone bipolar cells are believed to relay subsequently rod-driven signals to OFF ganglion cells. However, AII amacrine cells also make glycinergic synapses directly with OFF ganglion cells. To determine the route for signal flow near visual threshold, we measured the effect of the glycine receptor antagonist strychnine on response threshold in fully dark-adapted retinal cells. As shown previously, we found that response threshold for OFF ganglion cells was elevated by strychnine. Surprisingly, strychnine did not elevate response threshold in any subclass of OFF cone bipolar cell. Instead, in every OFF cone bipolar subclass strychnine suppressed tonic glycinergic inhibition without altering response threshold. Consistent with this lack of influence of strychnine, we found that the dominant input to OFF cone bipolar cells in darkness was excitatory and the response threshold of the excitatory input varied by subclass. Thus, in the dark-adapted mouse retina, the high absolute sensitivity of OFF ganglion cells cannot be explained by signal transmission through OFF cone bipolar cells.

AII amacrine cells in the distal inner nuclear layer of the mouse retina

2005 ◽  
Vol 494 (4) ◽  
pp. 651-662 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eun-Jin Lee ◽  
Laura B. Mann ◽  
Dennis W. Rickman ◽  
Eun-Jin Lim ◽  
Myung-Hoon Chun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amacrine Cells ◽  
Inner Nuclear Layer ◽  
Mouse Retina ◽  
Aii Amacrine Cells ◽  
Aii Amacrine

Spontaneous oscillatory activity in rd1 mouse retina is transferred from ON pathway to OFF pathway via glycinergic synapse

2015 ◽  
Vol 113 (2) ◽  
pp. 420-425 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deepak Poria ◽  
Narender K. Dhingra
Keyword(s):  
Glycine Receptor ◽  
Plexiform Layer ◽  
Experimental Treatment ◽  
Amacrine Cells ◽  
Oscillatory Activity ◽  
Mouse Retina ◽  
Inner Plexiform Layer ◽  
Aii Amacrine Cells ◽  
Rd1 Mouse ◽  
Aii Amacrine

Retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) spike randomly in the dark and carry information about visual stimuli to the brain via specific spike patterns. However, following photoreceptor loss, both ON and OFF type of RGCs exhibit spontaneous oscillatory spike activity, which reduces the quality of information they can carry. Furthermore, it is not clear how the oscillatory activity would interact with the experimental treatment approaches designed to produce artificial vision. The oscillatory activity is considered to originate in ON-cone bipolar cells, AII amacrine cells, and/or their synaptic interactions. However, it is unknown how the oscillatory activity is generated in OFF RGCs. We tested the hypothesis that oscillatory activity is transferred from the ON pathway to the OFF pathway via the glycinergic AII amacrine cells. Using extracellular loose-patch and whole cell patch recordings, we recorded oscillatory activity in ON and OFF RGCs and studied their response to strychnine, a specific glycine receptor blocker. The cells were labeled with a fluorescent dye, and their dendritic stratification in inner plexiform layer was studied using confocal microscopy. Application of strychnine resulted in abolition of the oscillatory burst activity in OFF RGCs but not in ON RGCs, implying that oscillatory activity is generated in ON pathway and is transferred to OFF pathway, likely via the glycinergic AII amacrine cells. We found oscillatory activity in RGCs as early as postnatal day 12 in rd1 mouse, when rod degeneration has started but cones are still intact. This suggests that the oscillatory activity in rd1 mouse retina originates in rod pathway.

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