Thalamocortical pathway specialization for sound frequency resolution

2010 ◽  
Vol 519 (2) ◽  
pp. spc1-spc1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Douglas A. Storace ◽  
Nathan C. Higgins ◽  
Heather L. Read
Keyword(s):  
Sound Frequency ◽  
Frequency Resolution ◽  
Thalamocortical Pathway

Thalamocortical pathway specialization for sound frequency resolution

2010 ◽  
Vol 519 (2) ◽  
pp. 177-193 ◽  
Author(s):  
Douglas A. Storace ◽  
Nathan C. Higgins ◽  
Heather L. Read
Keyword(s):  
Sound Frequency ◽  
Frequency Resolution ◽  
Thalamocortical Pathway

Sound frequency representation in primary auditory cortex is level tolerant for moderately loud, complex sounds

2011 ◽  
Vol 106 (2) ◽  
pp. 1016-1027 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Pienkowski ◽  
Jos J. Eggermont
Keyword(s):  
Auditory Cortex ◽  
Field Potential ◽  
Primary Auditory Cortex ◽  
Sound Level ◽  
Sound Frequency ◽  
Frequency Resolution ◽  
Neural Population ◽  
Complex Sounds ◽  
Individual Unit ◽  
Nonlinear Processing

The distribution of neuronal characteristic frequencies over the area of primary auditory cortex (AI) roughly reflects the tonotopic organization of the cochlea. However, because the area of AI activated by any given sound frequency increases erratically with sound level, it has generally been proposed that frequency is represented in AI not with a rate-place code but with some more complex, distributed code. Here, on the basis of both spike and local field potential (LFP) recordings in the anesthetized cat, we show that the tonotopic representation in AI is much more level tolerant when mapped with spectrotemporally dense tone pip ensembles rather than with individually presented tone pips. That is, we show that the tuning properties of individual unit and LFP responses are less variable with sound level under dense compared with sparse stimulation, and that the spatial frequency resolution achieved by the AI neural population at moderate stimulus levels (65 dB SPL) is better with densely than with sparsely presented sounds. This implies that nonlinear processing in the central auditory system can compensate (in part) for the level-dependent coding of sound frequency in the cochlea, and suggests that there may be a functional role for the cortical tonotopic map in the representation of complex sounds.

The effect of audible sound frequency on the growth and beta-carotene production of Dunaliella salina

2021 ◽  
Vol 141 ◽  
pp. 373-382
Author(s):  
Arezoo Keramati ◽  
Farshid Pajoum Shariati ◽  
Omid Tavakoli ◽  
Zahra Akbari ◽  
Mina Rezaei
Keyword(s):  
Dunaliella Salina ◽  
Beta Carotene ◽  
Sound Frequency ◽  
Audible Sound

scholarly journals Spectral Analysis of Stationary Signals Based on Two Simplified Arrangements of Chirp Transform Spectrometer

Electronics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 65
Author(s):  
Quan Zhao ◽  
Ling Tong ◽  
Bo Gao
Keyword(s):  
Spectral Analysis ◽  
Frequency Conversion ◽  
Frequency Resolution ◽  
Matching Problem ◽  
System Sensitivity ◽  
Deep Space Exploration ◽  
Spectrum Measurement ◽  
Stationary Signals ◽  
Simulation And Experiment ◽  
Remote Sensing Systems

The classical two-channel push-pull chirp transform spectrometer (CTS) has been widely applied in satellite-borne remote sensing systems for earth observation and deep space exploration. In this paper, we present two simplified structures with single M(l)-C(s) CTS arrangements for the spectral analysis of stationary signals. A simplified CTS system with a single M(l)-C(s) arrangement and a time delay line was firstly developed. Another simplified structure of CTS with a M(l)-C(s) arrangement and a frequency conversion channel was also developed for spectral analysis of stationary signals. Simulation and experiment results demonstrate that the two simplified arrangements can both realize spectrum measurement for the stationary signals and obtain the same frequency resolution, amplitude accuracy and system sensitivity as that of the classical two-channel push–pull CTS system. Compared to the classical CTS structure, the two simplified arrangements require fewer devices, save power consumption and have reduced mass. The matching problem between the two channels can be avoided in the two simplified arrangements. The simplified CTS arrangements may have potential application in the spectrum measurement of stationary signals in the field of aviation and spaceflight.

The Allometry of Sound Frequency Bandwidth in Songbirds

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jakob Isager Friis ◽  
Joana Sabino ◽  
Pedro Santos ◽  
Torben Dabelsteen ◽  
Gonçalo C. Cardoso
Keyword(s):  
Sound Frequency ◽  
Frequency Bandwidth

scholarly journals Evaluation of working memory in relation to cochlear implant consonant speech discrimination

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mai M. El Ghazaly ◽  
Mona I. Mourad ◽  
Nesrine H. Hamouda ◽  
Mohamed A. Talaat
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Speech Perception ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Word List ◽  
Frequency Discrimination ◽  
Frequency Resolution ◽  
Speech Discrimination ◽  
Place Of Articulation ◽  
Strong Positive Relationship ◽  
Speech And Language Development

Abstract Background Speech perception in cochlear implants (CI) is affected by frequency resolution, exposure time, and working memory. Frequency discrimination is especially difficult in CI. Working memory is important for speech and language development and is expected to contribute to the vast variability in CI speech reception and expression outcome. The aim of this study is to evaluate CI patients’ consonants discrimination that varies in voicing, manner, and place of articulation imparting differences in pitch, time, and intensity, and also to evaluate working memory status and its possible effect on consonant discrimination. Results Fifty-five CI patients were included in this study. Their aided thresholds were less than 40 dBHL. Consonant speech discrimination was assessed using Arabic consonant discrimination words. Working memory was assessed using Test of Memory and Learning-2 (TOMAL-2). Subjects were divided according to the onset of hearing loss into prelingual children and postlingual adults and teenagers. Consonant classes studied were fricatives, stops, nasals, and laterals. Performance on the high frequency CVC words was 64.23% ± 17.41 for prelinguals and 61.70% ± 14.47 for postlinguals. These scores were significantly lower than scores on phonetically balanced word list (PBWL) of 79.94% ± 12.69 for prelinguals and 80.80% ± 11.36 for postlinguals. The lowest scores were for the fricatives. Working memory scores were strongly and positively correlated with speech discrimination scores. Conclusions Consonant discrimination using high frequency weighted words can provide a realistic tool for assessment of CI speech perception. Working memory skills showed a strong positive relationship with speech discrimination abilities in CI.

scholarly journals Estimation of the Noise Source Level of a Commercial Ship Using On-Board Pressure Sensors

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 1243
Author(s):  
Hongseok Jeong ◽  
Jeung-Hoon Lee ◽  
Yong-Hyun Kim ◽  
Hanshin Seol
Keyword(s):  
Noise Source ◽  
Pressure Sensors ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Frequency Resolution ◽  
Source Strength ◽  
Recording Time ◽  
Source Level ◽  
The One ◽  
Hydrophone Array ◽  
Good Agreement

The dominant underwater noise source of a ship is known to be propeller cavitation. Recently, attempts have been made to quantify the source strength using on-board pressure sensors near the propeller, as this has advantages over conventional noise measurement. In this study, a beamforming method was used to estimate the source strength of a cavitating propeller. The method was validated against a model-scale measurement in a cavitation tunnel, which showed good agreement between the measured and estimated source levels. The method was also applied to a full-scale measurement, in which the source level was measured using an external hydrophone array. The estimated source level using the hull pressure sensors showed good agreement with the measured one above 400 Hz, which shows potential for noise monitoring using on-board sensors. A parametric study was carried out to check the practicality of the method. From the results, it was shown that a sufficient recording time is required to obtain a consistent level at high frequencies. Changing the frequency resolution had little effect on the result, as long as enough data were provided for the one-third octave band conversion. The number of sensors affected the mid- to low-frequency data.

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