scholarly journals Composition of the migratory mass during development of the olfactory nerve

2010 ◽  
Vol 518 (24) ◽  
pp. spc1-spc1
Author(s):  
Alexandra M. Miller ◽  
Helen B. Treloar ◽  
Charles A. Greer
Keyword(s):  
Olfactory Nerve ◽  
Migratory Mass

scholarly journals Composition of the migratory mass during development of the olfactory nerve

2010 ◽  
Vol 518 (24) ◽  
pp. 4825-4841 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandra M. Miller ◽  
Helen B. Treloar ◽  
Charles A. Greer
Keyword(s):  
Olfactory Nerve ◽  
Migratory Mass

Olfactory mucosal and neural responses in the frog

1962 ◽  
Vol 203 (2) ◽  
pp. 353-358 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maxwell Mark Mozell
Keyword(s):  
Stimulus Intensity ◽  
Olfactory Epithelium ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Olfactory Nerve ◽  
Neural Responses ◽  
Criterion Measure ◽  
Repeated Stimulation ◽  
Two Measures ◽  
Electrophysiological Technique

A comparatively recent electrophysiological technique for studying peripheral olfactory events is to record sustained negative potentials from the olfactory epithelium. This method is rapidly replacing the older technique of recording multifiber discharges from the olfactory nerve or bulb. Therefore, the extent to which the results from the two methods correlate with each other was studied by simultaneously recording from the nerve and from the mucosa under several conditions. Although most often parallel, some differences between the two measures were found. Their response maxima did not always temporally coincide. Their amplitudes did not always correlate. Certain stimuli reduced subsequent mucosal responses but not the neural. Repeated stimulation sometimes produced similar differences. Finally, the two responses were not linearly related as a function of stimulus intensity or flow rate. However, for reasons discussed, it is difficult to conclude that these discrepancies necessarily reflect unfavorably upon the reliability of the mucosal potential as the criterion measure of peripheral olfactory activity. Nevertheless, the mucosal potential should not be accepted unequivocally as such a criterion measure until it is more thoroughly understood.

The Relationship of Particle Size to Olfactory Nerve Uptake of a Non-Soluble Form of Manganese Into Brain

2002 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 177-183 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laurence D. Fechter ◽  
David L. Johnson ◽  
Robert A. Lynch
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Olfactory Nerve ◽  
Soluble Form ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Homing performances of inexperienced and directionally trained pigeons subjected to olfactory nerve section

1973 ◽  
Vol 83 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Benvenuti ◽  
V. Fiaschi ◽  
L. Fiore ◽  
F. Papi
Keyword(s):  
Olfactory Nerve ◽  
Nerve Section

Height of aneurysm neck and estimated extent of brain retraction: powerful predictors of olfactory dysfunction after surgery for unruptured anterior communicating artery aneurysms

2016 ◽  
Vol 124 (3) ◽  
pp. 720-725 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaechan Park ◽  
Wonsoo Son ◽  
Duck-Ho Goh ◽  
Dong-Hun Kang ◽  
Joomi Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Office Visit ◽  
Olfactory Nerve ◽  
Olfactory Dysfunction ◽  
Maximum Diameter ◽  
Anterior Communicating Artery ◽  
Aneurysm Surgery ◽  
Aneurysm Neck ◽  
Brain Retraction

OBJECT The highest incidence of olfactory dysfunction following a pterional approach and its modifications for an intracranial aneurysm has been reported in cases of anterior communicating artery (ACoA) aneurysms. The radiological characteristics of unruptured ACoA aneurysms affecting the extent of retraction of the frontal lobe and olfactory nerve were investigated as risk factors for postoperative olfactory dysfunction. METHODS A total of 102 patients who underwent a pterional or superciliary keyhole approach to clip an unruptured ACoA aneurysm from 2006 to 2013 were included in this study. Those patients who complained of permanent olfactory dysfunction after their aneurysm surgery, during a postoperative office visit or a telephone interview, were invited to undergo an olfactory test, the Korean version of the Sniffin’ Sticks test. In addition, the angiographic characteristics of ACoA aneurysms, including the maximum diameter, the projecting direction of the aneurysm, and the height of the neck of the aneurysm, were all recorded based on digital subtraction angiography and sagittal brain images reconstructed using CT angiography. Furthermore, the extent of the brain retraction was estimated based on the height of the ACoA aneurysm neck. RESULTS Eleven patients (10.8%) exhibited objective olfactory dysfunction in the Sniffin’ Sticks test, among whom 9 were anosmic and 2 were hyposmic. Univariate and multivariate analyses revealed that the direction of the ACoA aneurysm, ACoA aneurysm neck height, and estimated extent of brain retraction were statistically significant risk factors for postoperative olfactory dysfunction. Based on a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis, an ACoA aneurysm neck height > 9 mm and estimated brain retraction > 12 mm were chosen as the optimal cutoff values for differentiating anosmic/hyposmic from normosmic patients. The values for the area under the ROC curves were 0.939 and 0.961, respectively. CONCLUSIONS In cases of unruptured ACoA aneurysm surgery, the height of the aneurysm neck and the estimated extent of brain retraction were both found to be powerful predictors of the occurrence of postoperative olfactory dysfunction.

Dopamine D2 Receptor–Mediated Presynaptic Inhibition of Olfactory Nerve Terminals

2001 ◽  
Vol 86 (6) ◽  
pp. 2986-2997 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew Ennis ◽  
Fu-Ming Zhou ◽  
Kelly J. Ciombor ◽  
Vassiliki Aroniadou-Anderjaska ◽  
Abdallah Hayar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Olfactory Bulb ◽  
Dopamine D2 Receptor ◽  
Signal Transmission ◽  
D2 Receptor ◽  
Field Potential ◽  
Olfactory Nerve ◽  
D2 Receptors ◽  
Receptor Subtype ◽  
Juxtaglomerular Cells ◽  
Synaptic Responses

Olfactory receptor neurons of the nasal epithelium project via the olfactory nerve (ON) to the glomeruli of the main olfactory bulb, where they form glutamatergic synapses with the apical dendrites of mitral and tufted cells, the output cells of the olfactory bulb, and with juxtaglomerular interneurons. The glomerular layer contains one of the largest population of dopamine (DA) neurons in the brain, and DA in the olfactory bulb is found exclusively in juxtaglomerular neurons. D2 receptors, the predominant DA receptor subtype in the olfactory bulb, are found in the ON and glomerular layers, and are present on ON terminals. In the present study, field potential and single-unit recordings, as well as whole cell patch-clamp techniques, were used to investigate the role of DA and D2 receptors in glomerular synaptic processing in rat and mouse olfactory bulb slices. DA and D2 receptor agonists reduced ON-evoked synaptic responses in mitral/tufted and juxtaglomerular cells. Spontaneous and ON-evoked spiking of mitral cells was also reduced by DA and D2 agonists, and enhanced by D2 antagonists. DA did not produce measurable postsynaptic changes in juxtaglomerular cells, nor did it alter their responses to mitral/tufted cell inputs. DA also reduced 1) paired-pulse depression of ON-evoked synaptic responses in mitral/tufted and juxtaglomerular cells and 2) the amplitude and frequency of spontaneous, but not miniature, excitatory postsynaptic currents in juxtaglomerular cells. Taken together, these findings are consistent with the hypothesis that activation of D2 receptors presynaptically inhibits ON terminals. DA and D2 agonists had no effect in D2 receptor knockout mice, suggesting that D2 receptors are the only type of DA receptors that affect signal transmission from the ON to the rodent olfactory bulb.

scholarly journals Olfactory Nerve Schwannoma: A Case Report and Review of the Literature

2018 ◽  
Vol 04 (03) ◽  
pp. e164-e166 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahmoud Taha ◽  
Amr AlBakry ◽  
Magdy ElSheikh ◽  
Tarek AbdelBary
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Peripheral Nerves ◽  
Traffic Accident ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Olfactory Nerve ◽  
Anterior Cranial Fossa ◽  
Benign Tumors ◽  
Rare Entity ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Cranial Fossa

AbstractSchwannomas are benign tumors, which arise from the Schwann cells of the central or peripheral nerves. They form 8% of all intracranial tumors and most of the cases arise from vestibular division of the 8th cranial nerve. Rare cases are shown to arise from the olfactory or optic nerve, being devoid of myelin sheath. Up to date and according to our best of knowledge, 66 cases have been reported till now. Here we present a review of the literature and a case report of a 56-year-old male with an accidently discovered anterior cranial fossa schwannoma, following a road traffic accident. Tumor was completely excised, using a right frontal approach. Histopathology revealed Antoni-A cellular pattern. Although rare, but olfactory nerve schwannomas should be included in the differential diagnosis in anterior cranial fossa space occupying lesions, and the approach should be designed taking into consideration, this rare entity.

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