Differential expression of HNK-1 and p75NTR in adult canine Schwann cells and olfactory ensheathing cells in situ but not in vitro

2007 ◽  
Vol 505 (5) ◽  
pp. 572-585 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricia Bock ◽  
Andreas Beineke ◽  
Somporn Techangamsuwan ◽  
Wolfgang Baumgärtner ◽  
Konstantin Wewetzer
Keyword(s):  
Differential Expression ◽  
Schwann Cells ◽  
Olfactory Ensheathing Cells ◽  
Ensheathing Cells

Axonal signalling and the making of olfactory ensheathing cells: a hypothesis

2006 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 217-224 ◽  
Author(s):  
KONSTANTIN WEWETZER ◽  
GUDRUN BRANDES
Keyword(s):  
Schwann Cell ◽  
Schwann Cells ◽  
Specific Interaction ◽  
Neurotrophin Receptor ◽  
Olfactory Ensheathing Cells ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Neural Repair ◽  
Ensheathing Cells

Olfactory ensheathing cells (OECs) are Schwann cell-like glial cells of the olfactory system that promote neural repair under experimental conditions. It is a matter of debate in how far OECs resemble Schwann cells and whether they possess specific properties. Although OECs have been characterized mainly with respect to their regenerative effects after transplantation, both their cellular identity and the regulating factors involved have remained vague. The aim of this article is to define OEC and Schwann-cell identity in molecular terms, and to discuss crucial factors that are involved in determination in vitro and in vivo. Distinct OEC features such as the down-regulation of the low affinity neurotrophin receptor p75NTR by neuronal contact are apparent in vivo under physiological conditions, whereas OECs acquire a Schwann cell-like phenotype and up-regulate p75NTR expression in vitro and following transplantation into the lesioned spinal cord. This might indicate that establishment of the OEC phenotype depends on specific axonal stimuli. In this review we hypothesize that OECs and Schwann cells possess malleable cellular phenotypes that acquire distinct features only upon specific interaction with their natural neuronal partner. This concept is consistent with previous findings in vitro and in vivo, and might be relevant for studies that use OECs and Schwann cells for nervous system repair.

Distinct cell tropism of canine distemper virus strains to adult olfactory ensheathing cells and Schwann cells in vitro

2009 ◽  
Vol 144 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 195-201 ◽  
Author(s):  
Somporn Techangamsuwan ◽  
Ludwig Haas ◽  
Karl Rohn ◽  
Wolfgang Baumgärtner ◽  
Konstantin Wewetzer
Keyword(s):  
Schwann Cells ◽  
Canine Distemper Virus ◽  
Olfactory Ensheathing Cells ◽  
Cell Tropism ◽  
Canine Distemper ◽  
Distinct Cell ◽  
Ensheathing Cells ◽  
Virus Strains

Cell Type- and Isotype-Specific Expression and Regulation of β-Tubulins in Primary Olfactory Ensheathing Cells and Schwann Cells In Vitro

2013 ◽  
Vol 38 (5) ◽  
pp. 981-988 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed Omar ◽  
Florian Hansmann ◽  
Robert Kreutzer ◽  
Mihaela Kreutzer ◽  
Gudrun Brandes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Schwann Cells ◽  
Olfactory Ensheathing Cells ◽  
Cell Type ◽  
Specific Expression ◽  
Ensheathing Cells

Cell surface expression of 27C7 by neonatal rat olfactory ensheathing cells in situ and in vitro is independent of axonal contact

2011 ◽  
Vol 135 (4) ◽  
pp. 397-408 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gudrun Brandes ◽  
Massoud Khayami ◽  
Claas-Tido Peck ◽  
Wolfgang Baumgärtner ◽  
Hatice Bugday ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Surface ◽  
Surface Expression ◽  
Neonatal Rat ◽  
Olfactory Ensheathing Cells ◽  
Cell Surface Expression ◽  
Ensheathing Cells

Changes in lipophosphoglycan and gene expression associated with the development ofLeishmania majorinPhlebotomus papatasi

Parasitology ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 111 (3) ◽  
pp. 275-287 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. M. B. Saraiva ◽  
P. F. P. Pimenta ◽  
T. N. Brodin ◽  
E. Rowton ◽  
G. B. Modi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Differential Expression ◽  
Fold Increase ◽  
Surface Expression ◽  
Side Chain ◽  
Surface Coat ◽  
Natural Vector ◽  
Metacyclic Promastigotes ◽  
Kinetics Of

SUMMARYStage-specific molecular and morphogenic markers were used to follow the kinetics of appearance, number, and position of metacyclic promastigotes developing during the course ofL. majorinfection in a natural vector,Phlebotomus papatasi. Expression of surface lipophosphoglycan (LPG) on transformed promastigotes was delayed until the appearance of nectomonad forms on day 3, and continued to be abundantly expressed by all promastigotes thereafter. An epitope associate with arabinose substitution of LPG side-chain oligosaccharides, identified by its differential expression by metacyclics invitro, was detected on the surface of a low proportion of midgut promastigotes beginning on day 5, and on up to 60% of promatigotes on days 10 and 15. In contrast 100% of the parasites egested from the mouthparts during forced feeding of 15 day infected flies stained strongly for this epitope. At each time-point, the surface expression of the modified LPG was restricted to morphologically distinguished metacyclic forms. Ultrastructural study of the metacyclic surface revealed an approximate 2-fold increase in the thickness of the surface coat compared to nectomonad forms, suggesting elongation of LPG as occurs during metacyclogenesisin vitro. A metacyclic-associated transcript (MAT-1), another marker identified by its differential expression invitro, also showed selective expression by promastigotes in the fly, and was used inin situhybridization studies to demonstrate the positioning of metacyclics in the anterior gut.

scholarly journals Key differences between olfactory ensheathing cells and Schwann cells regarding phagocytosis of necrotic cells: implications for transplantation therapies

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Nazareth ◽  
T. B. Shelper ◽  
A. Chacko ◽  
S. Basu ◽  
A. Delbaz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Schwann Cells ◽  
Inflammatory Cytokine ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Olfactory Ensheathing Cells ◽  
Cytokine Responses ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Myelin Debris ◽  
Ensheathing Cells ◽  
Pro Inflammatory Cytokines

Abstract Transplantation of peripheral nervous system glia is being explored for treating neural injuries, in particular central nervous system injuries. These glia, olfactory ensheathing cells (OECs) and Schwann cells (SCs), are thought to aid regeneration by clearing necrotic cells, (necrotic bodies, NBs), as well as myelin debris. The mechanism by which the glia phagocytose and traffic NBs are not understood. Here, we show that OECs and SCs recognize phosphatidylserine on NBs, followed by engulfment and trafficking to endosomes and lysosomes. We also showed that both glia can phagocytose and process myelin debris. We compared the time-course of glial phagocytosis (of both NBs and myelin) to that of macrophages. Internalization and trafficking were considerably slower in glia than in macrophages, and OECs were more efficient phagocytes than SCs. The two glial types also differed regarding their cytokine responses after NB challenge. SCs produced low amounts of the pro-inflammatory cytokine TNF-α while OECs did not produce detectable TNF-α. Thus, OECs have a higher capacity than SCs for phagocytosis and trafficking, whilst producing lower amounts of pro-inflammatory cytokines. These findings suggest that OEC transplantation into the injured nervous system may lead to better outcomes than SC transplantation.

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