Functional circuits mediating sensorimotor integration: Quantitative comparisons of projections from rodent barrel cortex to primary motor cortex, neostriatum, superior colliculus, and the pons

2005 ◽  
Vol 488 (1) ◽  
pp. 82-100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zachary S. Hoffer ◽  
Henry B. Arantes ◽  
Richard L. Roth ◽  
Kevin D. Alloway
Keyword(s):  
Motor Cortex ◽  
Superior Colliculus ◽  
Sensorimotor Integration ◽  
Primary Motor Cortex ◽  
Barrel Cortex

scholarly journals Role of cutaneous and proprioceptive inputs in sensorimotor integration and plasticity occurring in the facial primary motor cortex

2020 ◽  
Vol 598 (4) ◽  
pp. 839-851 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giovanna Pilurzi ◽  
Francesca Ginatempo ◽  
Beniamina Mercante ◽  
Luigi Cattaneo ◽  
Giovanni Pavesi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Motor Cortex ◽  
Sensorimotor Integration ◽  
Primary Motor Cortex ◽  
Proprioceptive Inputs

scholarly journals Protective role of mirtazapine in adult female Mecp2+/− mice and patients with Rett syndrome

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Javier Flores Gutiérrez ◽  
Claudio De Felice ◽  
Giulia Natali ◽  
Silvia Leoncini ◽  
Cinzia Signorini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Motor Cortex ◽  
Motor Learning ◽  
Disease Progression ◽  
Rett Syndrome ◽  
Adult Female ◽  
Primary Motor Cortex ◽  
Barrel Cortex ◽  
Motor Behavior ◽  
Clinical Severity ◽  
Long Term Treatment

Abstract Background Rett syndrome (RTT), an X-linked neurodevelopmental rare disease mainly caused by MECP2-gene mutations, is a prototypic intellectual disability disorder. Reversibility of RTT-like phenotypes in an adult mouse model lacking the Mecp2-gene has given hope of treating the disease at any age. However, adult RTT patients still urge for new treatments. Given the relationship between RTT and monoamine deficiency, we investigated mirtazapine (MTZ), a noradrenergic and specific-serotonergic antidepressant, as a potential treatment. Methods Adult heterozygous-Mecp2 (HET) female mice (6-months old) were treated for 30 days with 10 mg/kg MTZ and assessed for general health, motor skills, motor learning, and anxiety. Motor cortex, somatosensory cortex, and amygdala were analyzed for parvalbumin expression. Eighty RTT adult female patients harboring a pathogenic MECP2 mutation were randomly assigned to treatment to MTZ for insomnia and mood disorders (mean age = 23.1 ± 7.5 years, range = 16–47 years; mean MTZ-treatment duration = 1.64 ± 1.0 years, range = 0.08–5.0 years). Rett clinical severity scale (RCSS) and motor behavior assessment scale (MBAS) were retrospectively analyzed. Results In HET mice, MTZ preserved motor learning from deterioration and normalized parvalbumin levels in the primary motor cortex. Moreover, MTZ rescued the aberrant open-arm preference behavior observed in HET mice in the elevated plus-maze (EPM) and normalized parvalbumin expression in the barrel cortex. Since whisker clipping also abolished the EPM-related phenotype, we propose it is due to sensory hypersensitivity. In patients, MTZ slowed disease progression or induced significant improvements for 10/16 MBAS-items of the M1 social behavior area: 4/7 items of the M2 oro-facial/respiratory area and 8/14 items of the M3 motor/physical signs area. Conclusions This study provides the first evidence that long-term treatment of adult female heterozygous Mecp2tm1.1Bird mice and adult Rett patients with the antidepressant mirtazapine is well tolerated and that it protects from disease progression and improves motor, sensory, and behavioral symptoms.

scholarly journals Synapses from the high-order thalamic nucleus and motor cortex are co-clustered in the distal tuft dendrites of the mouse somatosensory cortex

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nari Kim ◽  
Sangkyu Bahn ◽  
Joon Ho Choi ◽  
Jinseop S. Kim ◽  
Jong-Cheol Rah
Keyword(s):  
Motor Cortex ◽  
Primary Motor Cortex ◽  
Pyramidal Neurons ◽  
Barrel Cortex ◽  
Essential Information ◽  
Medial Nucleus ◽  
Array Tomography ◽  
Posterior Medial Nucleus ◽  
Dendritic Branches ◽  
Insight Into

ABSTRACTThe posterior medial nucleus of the thalamus (POm) and vibrissal primary motor cortex (vM1) convey essential information to the barrel cortex (S1BF) regarding whisker position and movement. Therefore, understanding the relative spatial relationships of these two inputs is critical prerequisites to acquire insight into how S1 synthesizes information to interpret the location of an object. Using array tomography, we identified the locations of synapses from vM1 and POm on distal tuft dendrites of L5 pyramidal neurons. We found that synapses from vM1 and POm are spatially clustered on the same set of dendrites with unusually high density. Furthermore, the clusters of vM1 and POm synapses colocalize each other. These findings suggest that synaptic clusters, but not dendritic branches, act as functional units and cooperatively contribute to nonlinear dendritic responses.

Direct projections from the orofacial region of the primary motor cortex to the superior colliculus in the macaque monkey

1995 ◽  
Vol 703 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 217-222 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hironobu Tokuno ◽  
Masahiko Takada ◽  
Atsushi Nambu ◽  
Masahiko Inase
Keyword(s):  
Motor Cortex ◽  
Superior Colliculus ◽  
Primary Motor Cortex ◽  
Macaque Monkey ◽  
Orofacial Region

scholarly journals Sensorimotor integration within the primary motor cortex by selective nerve fascicle stimulation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Federico Ranieri ◽  
Giovanni Pellegrino ◽  
Anna Lisa Ciancio ◽  
Gabriella Musumeci ◽  
Emiliano Noce ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Motor Cortex ◽  
Sensorimotor Integration ◽  
Primary Motor Cortex ◽  
Nerve Fascicle

Location of Primary Motor Cortex Function in Cerebral Migration Disorder

1998 ◽  
Vol 38 (5) ◽  
pp. 769
Author(s):  
Ho Kyu Lee ◽  
Jin Suh Kim ◽  
Youn Mee Hwang ◽  
Myung Joon Lee ◽  
Soo Mee Lim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Motor Cortex ◽  
Primary Motor Cortex ◽  
Migration Disorder
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