Immunohistochemical localization of DARPP-32 in the brain of the lizard,Gekko gecko: Co-occurrence with tyrosine hydroxylase

2001 ◽  
Vol 435 (2) ◽  
pp. 194-210 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wilhelmus J.A.J. Smeets ◽  
Jesus M. Lopez ◽  
Agustín González
Keyword(s):  
Tyrosine Hydroxylase ◽  
Immunohistochemical Localization ◽  
Gekko Gecko ◽  
The Brain

Long-term modulation of tyrosine hydroxylase activity and expression by endothelin-1 and -3 in the rat anterior and posterior hypothalamus

2008 ◽  
Vol 294 (3) ◽  
pp. R905-R914 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guadalupe Perfume ◽  
Sabrina L. Nabhen ◽  
Karla Riquelme Barrera ◽  
María G. Otero ◽  
Liliana G. Bianciotti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tyrosine Hydroxylase ◽  
Cardiovascular Effects ◽  
Receptor Activation ◽  
Catecholaminergic Neurons ◽  
Endothelin System ◽  
Catecholaminergic Transmission ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms ◽  
G Protein Coupled ◽  
The Brain

Brain catecholamines are involved in the regulation of biological functions, including cardiovascular activity. The hypothalamus presents areas with high density of catecholaminergic neurons and the endothelin system. Two hypothalamic regions intimately related with the cardiovascular control are distinguished: the anterior (AHR) and posterior (PHR) hypothalamus, considered to be sympathoinhibitory and sympathoexcitatory regions, respectively. We previously reported that endothelins (ETs) are involved in the short-term tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) regulation in both the AHR and PHR. TH is crucial for catecholaminergic transmission and is tightly regulated by well-characterized mechanisms. In the present study, we sought to establish the effects and underlying mechanisms of ET-1 and ET-3 on TH long-term modulation. Results showed that in the AHR, ETs decreased TH activity through ETB receptor activation coupled to the nitric oxide, phosphoinositide, and CaMK-II pathways. They also reduced total TH level and TH phosphorylated forms (Ser 19 and 40). Conversely, in the PHR, ETs increased TH activity through a G protein-coupled receptor, likely an atypical ET receptor or the ETC receptor, which stimulated the phosphoinositide and adenylyl cyclase pathways, as well as CaMK-II. ETs also increased total TH level and the Ser 19, 31, and 40 phosphorylated sites of the enzyme. These findings support that ETs are involved in the long-term regulation of TH activity, leading to reduced sympathoinhibition in the AHR and increased sympathoexcitation in the PHR. Present and previous studies may partially explain the cardiovascular effects produced by ETs when applied to the brain.

Immunohistochemical localization of orexin/hypocretin-like immunoreactive peptides and melanin-concentrating hormone in the brain and pituitary of medaka

2007 ◽  
Vol 427 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Noriko Amiya ◽  
Masafumi Amano ◽  
Yoshitaka Oka ◽  
Masayuki Iigo ◽  
Akiyoshi Takahashi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immunohistochemical Localization ◽  
Melanin Concentrating Hormone ◽  
The Brain

Localization of tyrosine hydroxylase and its messenger RNA in the brain of rainbow trout by immunocytochemistry and in situ hybridization

2002 ◽  
Vol 449 (4) ◽  
pp. 374-389 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angelique Vetillard ◽  
Sanae Benanni ◽  
Christian Saligaut ◽  
Patrick Jego ◽  
Thierry Bailhache
Keyword(s):  
In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Tyrosine Hydroxylase ◽  
Messenger Rna ◽  
The Brain
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