Cinnamamide Derivatives for Central and Peripheral Nervous System Disorders-A Review of Structure-Activity Relationships

ChemMedChem ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 1302-1325 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Gunia-Krzyżak ◽  
Katarzyna Pańczyk ◽  
Anna M. Waszkielewicz ◽  
Henryk Marona
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Peripheral Nervous System ◽  
Structure Activity Relationships ◽  
Structure Activity

ChemInform Abstract: Cinnamamide Derivatives for Central and Peripheral Nervous System Disorders - A Review of Structure-Activity Relationships

ChemInform ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 46 (36) ◽  
pp. no-no
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Gunia-Krzyzak ◽  
Katarzyna Panczyk ◽  
Anna M. Waszkielewicz ◽  
Henryk Marona
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Peripheral Nervous System ◽  
Structure Activity Relationships ◽  
Structure Activity

scholarly journals Novel, Unifying Mechanism for Mescaline in The Central Nervous System: Electrochemistry, Catechol Redox Metabolite, Receptor, Cell Signaling and Structure Activity Relationships

2009 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 181-190 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Kovacic ◽  
Ratnasamy Somanathan
Keyword(s):  
Electron Transfer ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Cell Signaling ◽  
Receptor Binding ◽  
Cortical Neurons ◽  
Biological Effects ◽  
Structure Activity Relationships ◽  
Structure Activity ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Abused Drugs

A unifying mechanism for abused drugs has been proposed previously from the standpoint of electron transfer. Mescaline can be accommodated within the theoretical framework based on redox cycling by the catechol metabolite with its quinone counterpart. Electron transfer may play a role in electrical effects involving the nervous system in the brain. This approach is in accord with structure activity relationships involving mescaline, abused drugs, catecholamines and etoposide. Inefficient demethylation is in keeping with the various drug properties, such as requirement for high dosage and slow acting.There is a discussion of receptor binding, electrical effects, cell signaling and other modes of action. Mescaline is a nonselective, seretonin receptor agonist. 5-HTP receptors are involved in the stimulus properties. Research addresses the aspect of stereochemical requirements. Receptor binding may involve the proposed quinone metabolite and/or the amino sidechain via protonation. Electroencephalographic studies were performed on the effects of mescaline on men. Spikes are elicited by stimulation of a cortical area. The potentials likely originate in nonsynaptic dendritic membranes. Receptor-mediated signaling pathways were examined which affect mescaline behavior. The hallucinogen belongs to the class of 2AR agonists which regulate pathways in cortical neurons. The research identifies neural and signaling mechanisms responsible for the biological effects. Recently, another hallucinogen, psilocybin, has been included within the unifying mechanistic framework. This mushroom constituent is hydrolyzed to the phenol psilocin, also active, which is subsequently oxidized to an ET o-quinone or iminoquinone.

Glucuronyl 3-sulfate occurs exclusively on distal unmyelinated terminals of selected sensory neurons in the peripheral nervous system

1995 ◽  
Vol 53 ◽  
pp. 958-959
Author(s):  
S.S. Spicer ◽  
B.A. Schulte
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Cerebral Cortex ◽  
Peripheral Nervous System ◽  
Sensory Neurons ◽  
Sensory Nerves ◽  
Tissue Antigens ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Leu 7

Generation of monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) against tissue antigens has yielded several (VC1.1, HNK- 1, L2, 4F4 and anti-leu 7) which recognize the unique sugar epitope, glucuronyl 3-sulfate (Glc A3- SO4). In the central nervous system, these MAbs have demonstrated Glc A3-SO4 at the surface of neurons in the cerebral cortex, the cerebellum, the retina and other widespread regions of the brain.Here we describe the distribution of Glc A3-SO4 in the peripheral nervous system as determined by immunostaining with a MAb (VC 1.1) developed against antigen in the cat visual cortex. Outside the central nervous system, immunoreactivity was observed only in peripheral terminals of selected sensory nerves conducting transduction signals for touch, hearing, balance and taste. On the glassy membrane of the sinus hair in murine nasal skin, just deep to the ringwurt, VC 1.1 delineated an intensely stained, plaque-like area (Fig. 1). This previously unrecognized structure of the nasal vibrissae presumably serves as a tactile end organ and to our knowledge is not demonstrable by means other than its selective immunopositivity with VC1.1 and its appearance as a densely fibrillar area in H&E stained sections.

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