Analysis of ciliary beating frequency under voltage clamp control of the membrane

Cell Motility ◽  
1982 ◽  
Vol 2 (S1) ◽  
pp. 205-210 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hans Machemer ◽  
Jacques E. de Peyer
Keyword(s):  
Voltage Clamp ◽  
Ciliary Beating ◽  
Beating Frequency

Spectral characterization of ciliary beating: variations of frequency with time

1985 ◽  
Vol 249 (1) ◽  
pp. C160-C165 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Eshel ◽  
Y. Grossman ◽  
Z. Priel
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Power Spectra ◽  
Ciliary Beating ◽  
Isolated Lung ◽  
Ciliary Cell ◽  
The Mathematical Model ◽  
Beating Frequency ◽  
Over Time ◽  
Dominant Frequencies

Ciliary beating frequency in tissue culture from frog palate and isolated lung was optically examined using instrumentation that was adjusted to measure a fraction of the surface area of a single ciliary cell. Consecutive 1-s segments of the analogue signal were fast Fourier transformed (FFT) to obtain a power spectrum. At room temperature, these power spectra changed over time from 1 s to the next. Each spectrum contained several dominant frequencies of similar intensities. Cooling the preparation resulted in a single-peak spectrum that was constant over time. A mathematical model is proposed to simulate these findings. The results and the mathematical model support the hypothesis that ciliary beating frequency fluctuates over short periods of time.

Effect of pH, Viscosity and Ionic-Strength Changes on Ciliary Beating Frequency of Human Bronchial Explants

1983 ◽  
Vol 64 (4) ◽  
pp. 449-451 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chun Ka Luk ◽  
Mauricio J. Dulfano
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Strength ◽  
Marked Reduction ◽  
Beat Frequency ◽  
Ciliary Beat Frequency ◽  
Ciliary Activity ◽  
Rapid Loss ◽  
Significant Drop ◽  
Ciliary Beating ◽  
Beating Frequency

1. Ciliary activity is significantly influenced by chemical and physical properties of the liquid medium in which the cilia beat. 2. We studied the effect of changes in pH, ionic strength and viscosity on the ciliary beat frequency (CBF) of explants of human respiratory mucosa. 3. Optimal CBF was elicited at pH 7.0-9.0, with a marked reduction of CBF outside these limits. The CBF was well preserved at NaCl concentrations between 5 g/l (80 mmol/l) and 12 g/l (200 mmol/l), but there was rapid loss at concentrations below 0.5 gA (10 mmol/l). The cilia beat best at viscosities below 1.0 centipoises (1 mN s m−2). Increase of the viscosity gradually decreases CBF with a significant drop at viscosities above 87 millipoises. 4. It is concluded that the above limits may fairly accurately indicate the actual physical characteristics of the periciliary environment (‘sol layer’) in vivo.

scholarly journals A Novel Approach for the Automatic Estimation of the Ciliated Cell Beating Frequency

Electronics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 1002
Author(s):  
Vito Renò ◽  
Mauro Sciancalepore ◽  
Giovanni Dimauro ◽  
Rosalia Maglietta ◽  
Michele Cassano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Structural Characteristics ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Severe Disease ◽  
Ciliated Cell ◽  
Estimation Method ◽  
Region Of Interest ◽  
Cell Region ◽  
Ciliary Beating ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Beating Frequency

The qualitative and quantitative evaluation of nasal epithelial cells is interesting in chronic infectious and inflammatory pathologies of the nose and sinuses. Among the cells of the population of the nasal mucosa, ciliated cells are particularly important. In fact, the observation of these cells is essential to investigate primary ciliary dyskinesia, a rare and severe disease associated with other serious diseases such as respiratory diseases, situs inversus, heart disease, and male infertility. Biopsy or brushing of the ciliary mucosa and assessment of ciliary function through measurements of the Ciliary Beating Frequency (CBF) are usually required to facilitate diagnosis. Therefore, low-cost and easy-to-use technologies devoted to measuring the ciliary beating frequency are desirable. We have considered related works in this field and noticed that up to date an actually usable system is not available to measure and monitor CBF. Moreover, performing this operation manually is practically unfeasible or demanding. For this reason, we designed BeatCilia, a low cost and easy-to-use system, based on image processing techniques, with the aim of automatically measuring CBF. This system performs cell Region of Interest (RoI) detection basing on dense optical flow computation of cell body masking, focusing on the cilia movement and taking advantage of the structural characteristics of the ciliated cell and CBF estimation by applying a fast Fourier transform to extract the frequency with the peak amplitude. The experimental results show that it offers a reliable and fast CBF estimation method and can efficiently run on a consumer-grade smartphone. It can support rhinocytologists during cell observation, significantly reducing their efforts.

Ciliary Beating Frequency in Chronic Sinusitis

1993 ◽  
Vol 119 (6) ◽  
pp. 645-647 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Nuutinen ◽  
E. Rauch-Toskala ◽  
V. Saano ◽  
S. Joki
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Sinusitis ◽  
Ciliary Beating ◽  
Beating Frequency

scholarly journals Exposure of human fallopian tube epithelium to elevated testosterone results in alteration of cilia gene expression and beating

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (9) ◽  
pp. 2086-2096 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tia Jackson-Bey ◽  
José Colina ◽  
Brett C Isenberg ◽  
Jonathan Coppeta ◽  
Margrit Urbanek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Fallopian Tube ◽  
Microfluidic Devices ◽  
Gynecologic Surgery ◽  
Additional Contribution ◽  
Testosterone Concentration ◽  
Ciliary Beating ◽  
Human Fallopian Tube ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Beating Frequency

Abstract STUDY QUESTION How does exposure to a testosterone rich environment affect the function and gene expression of human fallopian tube epithelium (hFTE)? SUMMARY ANSWER Elevated testosterone level alters several gene transcripts that regulate cilia expression and negatively impacts the rate of cilia beating. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY The presence of estrogen in the follicular phase of the menstrual cycle increases the human fallopian tube ciliary beating frequency. The luteal phase, triggered by ovulation and increasing progesterone, is marked by a decrease in ciliary beating. Women with polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) may have twice the serum level of testosterone than ovulatory women. To date, the effect of elevated androgens on the function of the human fallopian tube is not well-understood. We chose to examine the impact of elevated testosterone on hFTE. STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION A prospective basic science study of human fallopian tube specimens from reproductive-aged women undergoing benign gynecologic surgery was performed. Fallopian tube removal at a large US academic center was collected and provided to us to continue with epithelium isolation and culturing. A total of 12 patients were analyzed in the study. PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS Fallopian tube epithelium was isolated and exposed to two different conditions: normal with low testosterone concentration of 0.8 nM and PCOS-like, with high testosterone concentration of 2 nM. The study was conducted in both static and dynamic conditions in microfluidic devices for a total of 14 days, after which the tissue was collected for processing including RNA extraction, quantitative PCR and immunohistochemistry. After the first 7 days of each experiment, a sample of tissue from each condition was imaged to quantify cilia beating frequency. MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE hFTE exposed to the 2 nM testosterone displayed slower cilia beating, inhibited estrogen signaling and decreased expression of the ciliary marker FOXJ1 when compared to stimulation with 0.8 nM testosterone. LARGE SCALE DATA N/A. LIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION The in vivo response to elevated testosterone may differ from in vitro studies. RNA amount was limited from tissue cultured in the microfluidic devices as compared to static culture. WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS Understanding elevated testosterone in tubal function may explain an additional contribution to subfertility in women with PCOS and other hyper-androgen disorders, aside from oligo-ovulation. Furthermore, this adds to the body of literature of fallopian tube function using a microfluidic device. STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTEREST(S) NIH grants: UH3 ES029073 and R01 CA240301. There are no competing interests.

Effects of perfluorooctane sulfonate on tracheal ciliary beating frequency in mice

Toxicology ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 236 (3) ◽  
pp. 190-198 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eriko Matsubara ◽  
Takashi Nakahari ◽  
Hideyo Yoshida ◽  
Toshihiko Kuroiwa ◽  
Kouji H. Harada ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Perfluorooctane Sulfonate ◽  
Ciliary Beating ◽  
Beating Frequency

scholarly journals Ependymoma associated protein Zfta is expressed in immature ependymal cells but is not essential for ependymal development in mice

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vicente Herranz-Pérez ◽  
Jin Nakatani ◽  
Masaki Ishii ◽  
Toshiaki Katada ◽  
Jose Manuel García-Verdugo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cultured Cells ◽  
Luciferase Activity ◽  
Ependymal Cells ◽  
Upstream Sequence ◽  
Embryonic Brain ◽  
Developmental Defects ◽  
Ciliary Beating ◽  
Supratentorial Ependymoma ◽  
Beating Frequency ◽  
Lateral Walls

Abstract The fusion protein of uncharacterised zinc finger translocation associated (ZFTA) and effector transcription factor of tumorigenic NF-kB signalling, RELA (ZFTA-RELA), is expressed in more than two-thirds of supratentorial ependymoma (ST-EPN-RELA), but ZFTA’s expression profile and functional analysis in multiciliated ependymal (E1) cells have not been examined. Here, we showed the mRNA expression of mouse Zfta peaks on embryonic day (E) 17.5 in the wholemount of the lateral walls of the lateral ventricle. Zfta was expressed in the nuclei of FoxJ1-positive immature E1 (pre-E1) cells in E18.5 mouse embryonic brain. Interestingly, the transcription factors promoting ciliogenesis (ciliary TFs) (e.g., multicilin) and ZFTA-RELA upregulated luciferase activity using a 5’ upstream sequence of ZFTA in cultured cells. Zftatm1/tm1 knock-in mice did not show developmental defects or abnormal fertility. In the Zftatm1/tm1 E1 cells, morphology, gene expression, ciliary beating frequency and ependymal flow were unaffected. These results suggest that Zfta is expressed in pre-E1 cells, possibly under the control of ciliary TFs, but is not essential for ependymal development or flow. This study sheds light on the mechanism of the ZFTA-RELA expression in the pathogenesis of ST-EPN-RELA: Ciliary TFs initiate ZFTA-RELA expression in pre-E1 cells, and ZFTA-RELA enhances its own expression using positive feedback.

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