Actin filaments modulate electrical activity of brain microtubule protein two‐dimensional sheets

Cytoskeleton ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 77 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 167-177 ◽  
Author(s):  
María Cantero ◽  
Brenda C. Gutierrez ◽  
Horacio F. Cantiello
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Activity ◽  
Actin Filaments ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Microtubule Protein

Remote Optical Modulation of Cellular Electrical Activity Using Two-Dimensional Ti3C2 MXene

2021 ◽  
Vol MA2021-01 (10) ◽  
pp. 507-507
Author(s):  
Yingqiao Wang ◽  
Raghav Garg ◽  
Kyoungin Kang ◽  
Jane E. Hartung ◽  
Adam Goad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Activity ◽  
Optical Modulation ◽  
Two Dimensional

RE-ENTRANT ROTATING WAVES IN A BEELER–REUTER BASED MODEL OF TWO-DIMENSIONAL CARDIAC ELECTRICAL ACTIVITY

1991 ◽  
Vol 01 (02) ◽  
pp. 431-444 ◽  
Author(s):  
MARC COURTEMANCHE ◽  
ARTHUR T. WINFREE
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Activity ◽  
Sodium Channel ◽  
Conduction Block ◽  
Muscle Cells ◽  
Cable Equation ◽  
Ventricular Muscle ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Rotating Waves ◽  
Channel Dynamics ◽  
Cardiac Electrical Activity

Propagation of cardiac electrical activity is simulated in a two-dimensional sheet of cells using the cable equation and the Beeler–Reuter membrane model for ventricular muscle cells. Re-entrant patterns are produced using the original Beeler–Reuter equations and two modified versions involving changes in the calcium and sodium channel dynamics. Both stable rotating waves and irregular activity are observed. The model is shown to exhibit conduction block due to stationary repolarization fronts. The origin and properties of these fronts are described.

scholarly journals Progress in 3C-SiC Growth and Novel Applications

2012 ◽  
Vol 711 ◽  
pp. 3-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rositza Yakimova ◽  
Remigijus Vasiliauskas ◽  
Jens Eriksson ◽  
Mikael Syväjärvi
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Electrical Activity ◽  
Substrate Surface ◽  
Growth Conditions ◽  
Extended Defects ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Novel Applications ◽  
Sublimation Growth

Recent research efforts in growth of 3C-SiC are reviewed. Sublimation growth is addressed with an emphasis on the enhanced understanding of polytype stability in relation to growth conditions, such as supersaturation and Si/C ratio. It is shown that at low temperature/supersaturation spiral 6H-SiC growth is favored, which prepares the surface for 3C-SiC nucleation. Provided the supersaturation is high enough, 3C-SiC nucleates as two-dimensional islands on terraces of the homoepitaxial 6H-SiC. Effect of different substrate surface preparations is considered. Typical extended defects and their electrical activity is discussed. Finally, possible novel applications are outlined.

scholarly journals Computing on actin bundles network

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Adamatzky ◽  
Florian Huber ◽  
Jörg Schnauß
Keyword(s):  
Actin Filament ◽  
Actin Filaments ◽  
Ionic Currents ◽  
Computational Experiments ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Actin Bundle ◽  
Actin Bundles ◽  
Actin Networks

Abstract Actin filaments are conductive to ionic currents, mechanical and voltage solitons. These travelling localisations can be utilised to generate computing circuits from actin networks. The propagation of localisations on a single actin filament is experimentally unfeasible to control. Therefore, we consider excitation waves propagating on bundles of actin filaments. In computational experiments with a two-dimensional slice of an actin bundle network we show that by using an arbitrary arrangement of electrodes, it is possible to implement two-inputs-one-output circuits.

scholarly journals Two-dimensional generator function for the vector cardiogram for use in volume conduction models of the thorax

2006 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
T. A. Geldenhuys ◽  
M. Joubert ◽  
S. Viljoen ◽  
T. Hanekom
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Activity ◽  
Current Source ◽  
Frontal Plane ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Volume Conduction ◽  
Conduction Model ◽  
Element Technique ◽  
Cardiac Vector ◽  
Generator Function ◽  
Volume Conduction Model

An electrocardiogram (ECG) measures the electrical activity of the heart on the surface of the skin. Volume conduction models of the thorax can be designed to simulate such measurements. However, to drive such simulations a generator function is required to describe the electrical activity of the heart. Although such simulations, varying in complexity, are discussed in literature, there is a need for a simplified, though comprehensive approach that can be used as a concise introduction to this topic, or for cases where one is primarily interested in first-order approximations of this problem. In this article an overview of the vector interpretation of the ECG, also known as a vector cardiogram (VCG), is presented in the two-dimensional frontal plane of a human. The derivation of the equivalent electric dipole (i.e. the cardiac vector) from the VCG, which can be used as a current-source generator function for volume conduction model simulating the ECG, is discussed. A procedure for implementing such a volume conduction model with the finite element technique, using this simplified two-dimensional generator function, is discussed and the results are presented. The general features observed in recorded ECG leads agree with those predicted by this simple model.

scholarly journals Identification of the 32 kDa components of bovine lens EDTA-extractable protein as endonexins I and II

1990 ◽  
Vol 266 (2) ◽  
pp. 505-511 ◽  
Author(s):  
R Kobayashi ◽  
R Nakayama ◽  
A Ohta ◽  
F Sakai ◽  
S Sakuragi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Membrane Proteins ◽  
Phospholipase A2 ◽  
Human Placenta ◽  
Actin Filaments ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Bovine Lens ◽  
Extractable Protein ◽  
Molecular Masses ◽  
Phospholipase A2 Activity

EDTA-extractable protein (EEP) is a mixture of major lens membrane proteins with molecular masses ranging from 32 kDa to 40 kDa. These bind to the lens membrane in a Ca2(+)-dependent manner. In the present study we have identified and purified two distinct 32 kDa components of EEP (designated as EEP 32-1 and EEP 32-2) from bovine lens that inhibit phospholipase A2 activity. Both EEP 32-1 and EEP 32-2 bind to phospholipid-containing liposomes and actin filaments in a Ca2(+)-dependent fashion. Immunochemical studies and two-dimensional electrophoreses demonstrate that the two proteins are distinct from one another. Both EEP 32-1 and EEP 32-2 are clearly different from calpactin (lipocortin) or its proteolytic fragments because they did not react with anti-[human placenta calpactin (lipocortin)] antibody. Our results also indicate that EEP 32-1 is very similar to endonexin I and that EEP 32-2 corresponds to endonexin II.

scholarly journals Lamellar Phase of Stacked Two-Dimensional Rafts of Actin Filaments

2003 ◽  
Vol 91 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerard C. L. Wong ◽  
Alison Lin ◽  
Jay X. Tang ◽  
Youli Li ◽  
Paul A. Janmey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Actin Filaments ◽  
Lamellar Phase ◽  
Two Dimensional
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