Hyperpolarization of the plasma membrane potential provokes reorganization of the actin cytoskeleton and increases the stability of adherens junctions in bovine corneal endothelial cells in culture

2009 ◽  
Vol 66 (12) ◽  
pp. 1087-1099 ◽  
Author(s):  
Verónica Nin ◽  
Julio A. Hernández ◽  
Silvia Chifflet
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Plasma Membrane ◽  
Membrane Potential ◽  
Actin Cytoskeleton ◽  
Adherens Junctions ◽  
Corneal Endothelial Cells ◽  
Plasma Membrane Potential ◽  
Cells In Culture ◽  
The Stability

scholarly journals The Plasma Membrane Potential and the Organization of the Actin Cytoskeleton of Epithelial Cells

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silvia Chifflet ◽  
Julio A. Hernández
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Membrane ◽  
Membrane Potential ◽  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Actin Cytoskeleton ◽  
Plasma Membrane Potential ◽  
Cytoskeletal Organization ◽  
Physiological Processes ◽  
Peripheral Proteins ◽  
Epithelial Wound Healing ◽  
Epithelial Phenotype

The establishment and maintenance of the polarized epithelial phenotype require a characteristic organization of the cytoskeletal components. There are many cellular effectors involved in the regulation of the cytoskeleton of epithelial cells. Recently, modifications in the plasma membrane potential (PMP) have been suggested to participate in the modulation of the cytoskeletal organization of epithelia. Here, we review evidence showing that changes in the PMP of diverse epithelial cells promote characteristic modifications in the cytoskeletal organization, with a focus on the actin cytoskeleton. The molecular paths mediating these effects may include voltage-sensitive integral membrane proteins and/or peripheral proteins sensitive to surface potentials. The voltage dependence of the cytoskeletal organization seems to have implications in several physiological processes, including epithelial wound healing and apoptosis.

scholarly journals TRPC6 regulates phenotypic switching of vascular smooth muscle cells through plasma membrane potential‐dependent coupling with PTEN

2019 ◽  
Vol 33 (9) ◽  
pp. 9785-9796 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takuro Numaga‐Tomita ◽  
Tsukasa Shimauchi ◽  
Sayaka Oda ◽  
Tomohiro Tanaka ◽  
Kazuhiro Nishiyama ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Plasma Membrane ◽  
Membrane Potential ◽  
Vascular Smooth Muscle ◽  
Smooth Muscle Cells ◽  
Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells ◽  
Muscle Cells ◽  
Phenotypic Switching ◽  
Plasma Membrane Potential

scholarly journals Spatial and temporal relationships between cadherins and PECAM-1 in cell-cell junctions of human endothelial cells.

1994 ◽  
Vol 126 (1) ◽  
pp. 247-258 ◽  
Author(s):  
O Ayalon ◽  
H Sabanai ◽  
M G Lampugnani ◽  
E Dejana ◽  
B Geiger
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Plasma Membrane ◽  
Vascular System ◽  
Adherens Junctions ◽  
Microscopic Analysis ◽  
Membrane Receptors ◽  
Temporal Organization ◽  
Cell Junctions ◽  
Short Treatment ◽  
Cell Cell

The integrity of the endothelial layer, which lines the entire cavity of the vascular system, depends on tight adhesion of the cells to the underlying basement membrane as well as to each other. It has been previously shown that such interactions occur via membrane receptors that determine the specificity, topology, and mechanical properties of the surface adhesion. Cell-cell junctions between endothelial cells, in culture and in situ, involve both Ca(2+)-dependent and -independent mechanisms that are mediated by distinct adhesion molecules. Ca(2+)-dependent cell-cell adhesion occurs mostly via members of the cadherin family, which locally anchor the microfilament system to the plasma membrane, in adherens junctions. Ca(2+)-independent adhesions were reported to mainly involve members of the Ig superfamily. In this study, we performed three-dimensional microscopic analysis of the relative subcellular distributions of these two endothelial intercellular adhesion systems. We show that cadherins are located at adjacent (usually more apical), yet clearly distinct domains of the lateral plasma membrane, compared to PECAM-1. Moreover, cadherins were first organized in adherens junctions within 2 h after seeding of endothelial cells, forming multiple lateral patches which developed into an extensive belt-like structure over a period of 24 h. PECAM-1 became associated with surface adhesions significantly later and became progressively associated with the cadherin-containing adhesions. Cadherins and PECAM-1 also differed in their detergent extractability, reflecting differences in their mode of association with the cytoskeleton. Moreover, the two adhesion systems could be differentially modulated since short treatment with the Ca2+ chelator EGTA, disrupted the cadherin junctions leaving PECAM-1 apparently intact. These results confirm that endothelial cells possess distinct intercellular contact mechanisms that differ in their spatial and temporal organization as well as in their functional properties.

scholarly journals Kinetic study of the plasma-membrane potential in procyclic and bloodstream forms of Trypanosoma brucei brucei using the fluorescent probe bisoxonol

1996 ◽  
Vol 314 (2) ◽  
pp. 595-601 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabienne DEFRISE-QUERTAIN ◽  
Chantal FRASER-L'HOSTIS ◽  
Danièle CORAL ◽  
Jacques DESHUSSES
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Membrane ◽  
Membrane Potential ◽  
Trypanosoma Brucei ◽  
Cultured Cells ◽  
Bloodstream Form ◽  
Metabolic Inhibitors ◽  
Trypanosoma Brucei Brucei ◽  
Plasma Membrane Potential ◽  
Regulation Mechanisms ◽  
K Concentration

The characteristics of the plasma-membrane potential of procyclic and bloodstream forms of Trypanosoma brucei brucei (cultured cells) were investigated using the fluorescent anionic probe bisoxonol. Observation of a stable and representative plasma-membrane potential in the resting state required careful washing, centrifugation and maintenance of the cells at room temperature before measurement. Bloodstream forms were more prone to depolarization during washing at 4 °C than procyclic cells. The higher fluorescence observed in the presence of long slender cells than in the presence of procyclic cells shows that the plasma-membrane potential is more negative in the insect form. Healthy dilute cells can sustain their plasma-membrane potential for hours in the presence of external glucose. The presence of a high K+ concentration in the medium did not promote by itself the depolarization of either type of cell. Study of bisoxonol fluorescence as a function of time allowed us to follow the kinetics of the action of metabolic inhibitors in the presence of various ions. o-Vanadate (1 mM) was found to depolarize bloodstream-form cells rapidly but only in a phosphate-free NaCl buffer. Omeprazole and strophanthidin also specifically depolarized bloodstream-form trypanosomes. However, NN´-dicyclohexylcarbodi-imide depolarized both types of cell, but more rapidly for bloodstream-form cells. Bloodstream-form trypanosomes appear to use mainly a vanadate-sensitive Na+ pump to maintain their Na+-diffusion gradient. However, most of the ATPase inhibitors tested had little or no effect on the plasma-membrane potential of procyclics suggesting that this form of trypanosome may rely on several regulation mechanisms.

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