scholarly journals Mammalian cilia function is independent of the polymeric state of tubulin glycylation

2007 ◽  
Vol 64 (11) ◽  
pp. 847-855 ◽  
Author(s):  
Starlette J. Y. Dossou ◽  
Marie-Hélène Bré ◽  
Richard Hallworth
Keyword(s):  
Polymeric State

Mechanical Properties of Pyrolytic "SiOCN" Thin Coatings

1993 ◽  
Vol 308 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandrine Bec ◽  
André Tonck ◽  
Jean-Luc Loubet
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Young’S Modulus ◽  
Young's Modulus ◽  
Ceramic Coatings ◽  
Optical Observation ◽  
Thin Coatings ◽  
Polymer Precursors ◽  
Polymeric State

ABSTRACTPyrolysis of polymer precursors (polysilazane) is a technologically and economically interesting way to produce thin ceramic coatings. However, many cracks appear and decohesion occurs during pyrolysis when the ceramic coatings (SiOCN) are thicker than 0.5 micrometers. In order to understand these cracking phenomena, the coatings are mechanically characterized by nanoindentation at different stages of the pyrolysis heat treatment.During pyrolysis, the cracking temperature is detected by in-situ optical observation. The thickness of the coatings varies during pyrolysis from 3 micrometers at the polymeric state to 1 micrometer at the ceramic state. The coatings' properties, hardness and Young's modulus are evaluated after heat treatment, taking into account the substrate's influence. A large variation of these properties occurs at the cracking temperature. Both the hardness and the Young's modulus are multiplied by a factor of 10. By analysing these results, we show that cracking is correlated with the evolution of the coatings' mechanical properties during the transformation.

Relation of Volume Change to the Mechanism of Rubber Vulcanization

1934 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 693-699
Author(s):  
Ira Williams
Keyword(s):  
Physical Properties ◽  
Volume Change ◽  
Physical State ◽  
Direct Relation ◽  
Polymeric State ◽  
Primary Valence

Abstract The present investigation shows that no direct relation exists between either combined sulfur or density and the degree of vulcanization. It is not probable that the various changes in physical properties of the rubber during vulcanization are due to changes in the polymeric state involving a change in primary valence forces. Neither is it apparent in what manner combination of sulfur has contributed directly to the change in physical properties of the rubber. It is probable that the change in physical state is due to a change in manner or degree of aggregation of the rubber molecules.

scholarly journals Idiotypic self binding of a dominant germline idiotype (T15). Autobody activity is affected by antibody valency.

1987 ◽  
Vol 165 (5) ◽  
pp. 1332-1343 ◽  
Author(s):  
C Y Kang ◽  
H L Cheng ◽  
S Rudikoff ◽  
H Kohler
Keyword(s):  
Sequence Analysis ◽  
Binding Activity ◽  
The Self ◽  
Antigen Binding ◽  
Simultaneous Presence ◽  
Cdna Sequencing ◽  
Antigen Binding Site ◽  
Binding Antibody ◽  
Polymeric State ◽  
Germline Sequence

We have previously described (1-3) an IgM antibody that binds to PC, expresses the T15 idiotype, and binds also to itself or T15 if insolubilized. Because of the simultaneous presence of complementary idiotopes and paratopes this type of antibody has been termed autobody. The self binding involves the antigen-binding site because the F(ab')2 fragment of T15, PC, and no other haptens inhibit the self binding. DNA sequence analysis of 11E7-1 using primer extension cDNA sequencing showed that the variable sequences of H and L chains of 11E7-1 are identical to the germline sequence of the prototype T15 idiotype. Furthermore, monomeric and dimeric T15 IgA were shown to bind to insolubilized T15 and other T15+ antibodies including 11E7-1. Thus, the self-binding activity is an inherent property of the T15 germline sequence. The self binding is highly dependent on the polymeric state of the binding antibody since the IgM pentamer of 11E7-1 is about three fold more effective than the T15 dimer and 50 times more than the T15 monomer. These data suggest that the self-binding activity of a germline-encoded idiotype may play an important role in the biology of its expression, and more specifically, may be responsible for the establishment of its dominant expression.

scholarly journals FcαRI/CD89 Circulates in Human Serum Covalently Linked to IgA in a Polymeric State

2002 ◽  
Vol 168 (3) ◽  
pp. 1252-1258 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul J. M. van der Boog ◽  
Ger van Zandbergen ◽  
Johan W. de Fijter ◽  
Ngaisah Klar-Mohamad ◽  
Anneke van Seggelen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Serum ◽  
Covalently Linked ◽  
Polymeric State

The Polymeric State of Actin in the Human Erythrocyte Cytoskeleton

1982 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 493-505 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark A.L. Atkinson ◽  
Jon S. Morrow ◽  
Vincent T. Marchesi
Keyword(s):  
Human Erythrocyte ◽  
Polymeric State ◽  
Erythrocyte Cytoskeleton

Synthesis of zeolite A nanocrystals by controlling the polymeric state of silicate precursors

2014 ◽  
Vol 124 ◽  
pp. 120-122
Author(s):  
Pu Bai ◽  
Yanna Liu ◽  
Song Xiao ◽  
Li Long ◽  
Yanlin Sun
Keyword(s):  
Zeolite A ◽  
Polymeric State

Origin of Informational Polymers and the Search for Non-Terran Life: Protection of the Polymeric State of DNA by Phosphate Minerals

Astrobiology ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 616-630 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabiana Ciciriello ◽  
Giovanna Costanzo ◽  
Claudia Crestini ◽  
Raffaele Saladino ◽  
Ernesto Di Mauro
Keyword(s):  
Polymeric State

scholarly journals Paraformaldehyde fixation of neutrophils for immunolabeling of granule antigens in cryoultrasections.

1995 ◽  
Vol 43 (10) ◽  
pp. 1019-1025 ◽  
Author(s):  
E Elliott ◽  
C Dennison ◽  
P H Fortgens ◽  
J Travis
Keyword(s):  
Cathepsin D ◽  
Cross Linking ◽  
Optimized Protocol ◽  
Optimal Protocol ◽  
Azurophil Granule ◽  
Multistep Process ◽  
Polymeric State

Paraformaldehyde (PFA) fixation was optimized to facilitate the immobilization and labeling of multiple granule antigens, using short fixation regimens and cryoultramicrotomy of unembedded neutrophils (PMNs). In the optimal protocol, extraction of azurophil granule antigens (especially of the abundant elastase) was obviated by manipulating the polymeric state of PFA, and hence its rate of cross-linking, by altering its concentration and pH in a multistep process. Primary fixation conditions used (4% PFA, pH 8.0, 5 min) favor fixative penetration and rapid cross-linking. Stable cross-linking of the antigen was achieved in a secondary fixation step using conditions that favor larger, more cross-linking polymeric forms of PFA (8% PFA, pH 7.2, 15 min). Immobilization of granule antigens was enhanced by flotation of cut sections on fixative (8% PFA, pH 8.0) before labeling and by using post-labeling fixation with 1% glutaraldehyde. The optimized protocol facilitated immobilization and immunolabeling of elastase, myeloperoxidase, lactoferrin, and cathepsin D in highly hydrated, unembedded PMNs.

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