scholarly journals Drought in Northeast Brazil: A review of agricultural and policy adaptation options for food security

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jose A. Marengo ◽  
Marcelo V. Galdos ◽  
Andrew Challinor ◽  
Ana Paula Cunha ◽  
Fabio R. Marin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Northeast Brazil ◽  
Policy Adaptation ◽  
Adaptation Options

Coastal Poverty, Resource-Dependent Livelihood, Climate Change, and Adaptation

2017 ◽  
pp. 797-812
Author(s):  
Jyotish Prakash Basu
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Food Security ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Fuel Wood ◽  
Self Help ◽  
Fishing Resources ◽  
And Migration ◽  
Self Help Groups ◽  
Livestock Rearing ◽  
Adaptation Options

Millions of people in Sunderbans generate their livelihood and sustenance through fishing, honey collection, fuel wood and timber. The paper attempts to examine the issues of coastal poverty, food security as well as livelihood insecurity and the adaptation options that help to the resilience of climate change. The paper is based on field survey conducted in the villages of Sunderans in 2011. The study revealed that fishing and crab collection, honey collection are the important sources of livelihood. The fishing resources have been declining which leads to the insecurity of livelihoods of the fishing communities. The study has identified the key adaptations like dependency of money lenders, fishing and crab collection, formation of Self Help Groups, livestock rearing and migration. This paper has important policy implications for poverty, livelihood vulnerability and migration.

scholarly journals Identification of the most appropriate adaptation for rice and wheat in the face of climate change in eastern India

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Madhuri Dubey ◽  
Ashok Mishra ◽  
Rajendra Singh
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Food Security ◽  
Crop Yield ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Wheat Yield ◽  
Sowing Date ◽  
Irrigation Scheduling ◽  
Fertilizer Management ◽  
Eastern India ◽  
Adaptation Options

Abstract The changing climate affects natural resources that impart a negative impact on crop yield and food security. It is thus imperative to identify agro-climate wise, area-specific adaptation options to ensure food security. This study, therefore, evaluated some feasible adaptation options for two staple food grain crops, rice and wheat, in different agro-climatic regions (ACRs) of Eastern India. Alteration in transplanting date, seedling age, and fertilizer management (rate and split of fertilizer) for rice; and sowing date, fertilizer management, and deficit irrigation scheduling for wheat, are assessed as adaptation options. Crop environment and resource synthesis (DSSAT) model is used to simulate the crop yield using different plausible adaptation options to projected climate scenarios. Findings show that shifting transplanting/sowing date, and nitrogen fertilizer application at 120% of recommended nitrogen dose with four splits could be an effective adaptation for rice and wheat crops. Results also emphasize that transplanting of 18 days older seedlings may be beneficial in rice cultivation. In contrast, irrigation at a 30–40% deficit of maximum available water would sustain the wheat yield under climate change conditions. This study suggests the best combination of adaptation options under climate change conditions in diverse ACRs, which may assist agriculturists in coping with climate change.

Coastal Poverty, Resource-Dependent Livelihood, Climate Change, and Adaptation

2016 ◽  
pp. 441-454
Author(s):  
Jyotish Prakash Basu
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Food Security ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Fuel Wood ◽  
Self Help ◽  
Fishing Resources ◽  
And Migration ◽  
Self Help Groups ◽  
Livestock Rearing ◽  
Adaptation Options

Millions of people in Sunderbans generate their livelihood and sustenance through fishing, honey collection, fuel wood and timber. The paper attempts to examine the issues of coastal poverty, food security as well as livelihood insecurity and the adaptation options that help to the resilience of climate change. The paper is based on field survey conducted in the villages of Sunderans in 2011. The study revealed that fishing and crab collection, honey collection are the important sources of livelihood. The fishing resources have been declining which leads to the insecurity of livelihoods of the fishing communities. The study has identified the key adaptations like dependency of money lenders, fishing and crab collection, formation of Self Help Groups, livestock rearing and migration. This paper has important policy implications for poverty, livelihood vulnerability and migration.

scholarly journals CLIMATE CHANGE IMPACTS ON HOUSEHOLD FOOD SECURITY AND ITS ADAPTATION OPTIONS IN RURAL ETHIOPIA: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW

2020 ◽  
pp. 283-298
Author(s):  
Metadel Fekad ◽  
Yihunie Bekalu
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Food Security ◽  
Climate Impacts ◽  
Qualitative Assessment ◽  
Systemic Review ◽  
Household Food Security ◽  
Recent Climate ◽  
Key Words Climate Change ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Adaptation Options

Food security is highly sensitive to climate risks in Ethiopia. More recent climate related events such as the 2016/2017 food security crises in the Horn of Africa specifically in Ethiopia have highlighted the impact of droughts and floods on food production, access to markets, and income from agricultural activities. However, assessing the ways in which livelihoods and specific vulnerabilities are linked to climate is a difficult task given the complex relationships between other environmental and socioeconomic factors in determining food security outcomes. The purpose of this review is to contribute to a quantitative and qualitative assessment of climate risk impacts (including climate variability, change, and extremes) on food security and livelihoods and adaptation options. The analytical method carried out for this review consists of two main components qualitative and quantitative approach and a dynamic analysis to evaluate the relationship between historic and current climatic variability and food security indicators, using long-term historical data; and a descriptive analysis to establish a baseline against which vulnerability to future risks can be assessed. The review reveals that Climate: In addition, some analysts suggest that there has been a shift in the timing of rainfall, leading to more erratic and unpredictable precipitation patterns.. Households depend heavily on markets and in-kind contributions during the agricultural lean seasons. If March-September precipitation continues to decline, food access could be affected in two inter-related ways. First, reduced crop production due to lower precipitation would force households to purchase more of their food. Second, climate-induced food price volatility could require households to spend more of their income on food. In addition, climate-related disasters limit physical access to markets. Climate impacts on livelihoods. The poorest farmers rely especially on food-based coping strategies and options such as reducing the quantity or quality of meals. Similarly, they rely on livestock sales or temporary labour migration. In recent years, however, there has been limited capacity of host areas to offer employment due to increasingly erratic rainfall which is reducing labour availability. KEY WORDS: climate change, food security, adaptation, systemic review

Food Security Surveillance in the Palestinian Territories

2002 ◽  
Vol 17 (S2) ◽  
pp. S20-S21
Author(s):  
Gregg Greenough ◽  
Ziad Abdeen ◽  
Bdour Dandies ◽  
Radwan Qasrawi
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Palestinian Territories ◽  
Security Surveillance

Averting robo-bees: why free-flying robotic bees are a bad idea

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (6) ◽  
pp. 723-729
Author(s):  
Roslyn Gleadow ◽  
Jim Hanan ◽  
Alan Dorin
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Computer Simulation ◽  
Food Security ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Plant Interactions ◽  
Plant Insect Interactions ◽  
Native Habitat ◽  
Insect Pollinators ◽  
Insect Interactions

Food security and the sustainability of native ecosystems depends on plant-insect interactions in countless ways. Recently reported rapid and immense declines in insect numbers due to climate change, the use of pesticides and herbicides, the introduction of agricultural monocultures, and the destruction of insect native habitat, are all potential contributors to this grave situation. Some researchers are working towards a future where natural insect pollinators might be replaced with free-flying robotic bees, an ecologically problematic proposal. We argue instead that creating environments that are friendly to bees and exploring the use of other species for pollination and bio-control, particularly in non-European countries, are more ecologically sound approaches. The computer simulation of insect-plant interactions is a far more measured application of technology that may assist in managing, or averting, ‘Insect Armageddon' from both practical and ethical viewpoints.

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