Nitrogen Removal From Municipal Wastewater Using a Two-Sludge Denitrification/Nitrification Batch Reactor: Performance and Mechanisms

2017 ◽  
Vol 45 (12) ◽  
pp. 1700513 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jialing Tang ◽  
Xiaochang C. Wang ◽  
Yisong Hu ◽  
Siqing Xia ◽  
Yuyou Li
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Batch Reactor ◽  
Reactor Performance

Advanced nitrogen removal via nitrite from municipal wastewater in a pilot-plant sequencing batch reactor

2009 ◽  
Vol 59 (12) ◽  
pp. 2371-2377 ◽  
Author(s):  
Q. Yang ◽  
X. H. Liu ◽  
Y. Z. Peng ◽  
S. Y. Wang ◽  
H. W. Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Source ◽  
Process Control ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Pilot Plant ◽  
Sequencing Batch Reactor ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Batch Reactor ◽  
Nitrite Accumulation ◽  
Advanced Nitrogen Removal

To obtain economically sustainable wastewater treatment, advanced nitrogen removal from municipal wastewater and the feasibility of achieving and stabilizing short-cut nitrification and denitrification were investigated in a pilot-plant sequencing batch reactor (SBR) with a working volume of 54 m3. Advanced nitrogen removal, from summer to winter, with effluent TN lower than 3 mg/L and nitrogen removal efficiency above 98% was successfully achieved in pulsed-feed SBR. Through long-term application of process control in pulsed-feed SBR, nitrite accumulation reached above 95% at normal temperature of 25°C. Even in winter, at the lowest temperature of 13°C, nitrite was still the end production of nitrification and nitrite accumulation was higher than 90%. On the basis of achieving advanced nitrogen removal, short-cut nitrification and denitrification was also successfully achieved. Compare to the pulse-feed SBR with fixed time control, the dosage of carbon source and energy consumption in pulsed-feed SBR with process control were saved about 30% and 15% respectively. In pulsed-feed SBR with process control, nitrogen removal efficiency was greatly improved. Moreover, consumption of power and carbon source was further saved.

Effect of heterotrophic growth on nitritation/anammox in a single sequencing batch reactor

2008 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 277-284 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kai M. Udert ◽  
Elija Kind ◽  
Mieke Teunissen ◽  
Sarina Jenni ◽  
Tove A. Larsen
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Sequencing Batch Reactor ◽  
Heterotrophic Bacteria ◽  
Batch Reactor ◽  
Organic Substrate ◽  
Anammox Bacteria ◽  
Heterotrophic Growth ◽  
Reactor Performance ◽  
Heterotrophic Denitrification

The combination of nitritation and autotrophic denitrification (anammox) in a single sequencing batch reactor (SBR) is an energy efficient process for nitrogen removal from high-strength ammonia wastewaters. So far, the process has been successfully applied to digester supernatant. However, the process could also be suitable to treat source-separated urine, which has very high ammonium and organic substrate concentrations (up to 8,200 gN/m3 and 10,000 gCOD/m3). In this study, reactor performance was tested for digester supernatant and diluted source-separated urine. Ammonium concentrations in both solutions were similar (between 611 and 642 gN/m3), thus reactor performance could be directly compared. Differences were mainly due to higher activity of heterotrophic bacteria in urine. Nitrogen removal was slightly higher for source-separated urine, because heterotrophic bacteria denitrified the nitrate that was produced by anammox bacteria. In spite of higher heterotrophic growth with source-separated urine, calculated sludge concentrations at steady state were higher with digester supernatant due to accumulation of inert particulate organic matter from the influent. Although the sludge concentrations are less problematic for source-separated urine, process instabilities are more likely, because lower pH values are reached and heterotrophic denitrification can cause sudden increases of nitrite concentrations and/or nitric oxide. Both compounds inhibit aerobic ammonium oxidizing bacteria, heterotrophic bacteria and, most importantly, anammox bacteria. Nitrite and nitric oxide production by heterotrophic denitrification must be better understood to optimize nitritation/anammox for source-separated urine.

scholarly journals Effect of temperature shifts and anammox biomass immobilization on sequencing batch reactor performance and bacterial genes abundance

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Banach-Wiśniewska ◽  
M. Ćwiertniewicz-Wojciechowska ◽  
A. Ziembińska-Buczyńska
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Batch Reactor ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Anammox Bacteria ◽  
Ammonia Oxidizing Bacteria ◽  
Ammonium Oxidation ◽  
Reactor Performance ◽  
Gene Abundance

Abstract Implementation of anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) below its optimal temperature, known as “cold anammox”, may lead to its common use in wastewater treatment plants, reducing the operational costs of wastewater treatment. Thus, we investigated the effects of immobilization in polyvinyl alcohol–sodium alginate gel beads on anammox performance at temperatures of 30 °C, 23 °C, and 15 °C in laboratory-scale sequencing batch reactors. We determined the relative gene abundance of the nitrogen removal bacterial groups, which are considered as the key functional microbes of nitrogen cycle in activated sludge: denitrifies, ammonia-oxidizing bacteria, nitrite-oxidizing bacteria, and anammox bacteria. Nitrogen removal efficiency was higher for immobilized anammox sludge in comparison with non-immobilized anammox biomass at each investigated temperature. At 30 °C, nitrogen removal efficiency was 83.7 ± 6.46% for immobilized reactor, and 79.4 ± 7.83% for the control reactor, while at 15 °C was remained at the level of 50 ± 2.5% for immobilized reactor, and fluctuated from 13.2 to 45.3% for the control one. During temperature shifts, the process was also more stable in the case of the reactor with immobilized biomass. A statistically significant correlation was found between nitrogen removal efficiency and hydrazine oxidoreductase gene abundance.

scholarly journals Nitrogen Removal by a Nitritation-Anammox Bioreactor at Low Temperature

2013 ◽  
Vol 79 (8) ◽  
pp. 2807-2812 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ziye Hu ◽  
Tommaso Lotti ◽  
Merle de Kreuk ◽  
Robbert Kleerebezem ◽  
Mark van Loosdrecht ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Batch Reactor ◽  
Cost Savings ◽  
Anammox Bacteria ◽  
Nitrite Accumulation ◽  
Ammonium Oxidation

ABSTRACTCurrently, nitritation-anammox (anaerobic ammonium oxidation) bioreactors are designed to treat wastewaters with high ammonium concentrations at mesophilic temperatures (25 to 40°C). The implementation of this technology at ambient temperatures for nitrogen removal from municipal wastewater following carbon removal may lead to more-sustainable technology with energy and cost savings. However, the application of nitritation-anammox bioreactors at low temperatures (characteristic of municipal wastewaters except in tropical and subtropical regions) has not yet been explored. To this end, a laboratory-scale (5-liter) nitritation-anammox sequencing batch reactor was adapted to 12°C in 10 days and operated for more than 300 days to investigate the feasibility of nitrogen removal from synthetic pretreated municipal wastewater by the combination of aerobic ammonium-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) and anammox. The activities of both anammox and AOB were high enough to remove more than 90% of the supplied nitrogen. Multiple aspects, including the presence and activity of anammox, AOB, and aerobic nitrite oxidizers (NOB) and nitrous oxide (N2O) emission, were monitored to evaluate the stability of the bioreactor at 12°C. There was no nitrite accumulation throughout the operational period, indicating that anammox bacteria were active at 12°C and that AOB and anammox bacteria outcompeted NOB. Moreover, our results showed that sludge from wastewater treatment plants designed for treating high-ammonium-load wastewaters can be used as seeding sludge for wastewater treatment plants aimed at treating municipal wastewater that has a low temperature and low ammonium concentrations.

Municipal wastewater treatment through an aerobic biofilm SBR integrated with a submerged filtration bed

2009 ◽  
Vol 59 (5) ◽  
pp. 917-926 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kai Yang ◽  
Jiajie He ◽  
Mark Dougherty ◽  
Xiaojun Yang ◽  
Lu Li
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Batch Reactor ◽  
Warm Season ◽  
Cold Season ◽  
Biofilm Reactor ◽  
Secondary Effluent ◽  
Municipal Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Anthracite Coal

A biofilm reactor and a gravitational filtration bed were integrated as a sequencing batch reactor (SBR) to aerobically treat a municipal wastewater. Polyacrylonitrile balls (50 mm diameter, 90% porosity) were filled into the upper part of the SBR as biofilm attaching materials and anthracite coal (particle size ∼1.17 mm) was placed into the lower part as filter media. The SBR was aerated during filling and reaction phases, followed by a 10 min discharge phase during which the wastewater went through the filtration bed without aeration. The SBR was tested with raw wastewater from a municipal WWTP in Wuhan, China from July 2006 to January 2007, during both a warm season and a cold season. The SBR showed a capability to accept COD and turbidity fluctuations in the receiving wastewater. Seasonal influence on COD and nitrogen removal by the biofilm reactor was significant. Nitrogen and phosphorus removals were limited by COD levels in the wastewater. The filtration process removed considerable COD, nitrogen, phosphorus, and turbidity. The overall SBR effluent quality consistently satisfied the national secondary effluent discharge standard of China, except for total phosphorus. An anaerobic phase before the aerobic reaction is proposed to improve phosphorus and nitrogen removal. The filter normally required a backwash every seven days and the water needed for backwash was less than 4% of the wastewater treated by the SBR. This experiment provides information needed for further investigation to improve performance of the SBR.

Biological phosphate and nitrogen removal in a biofilm sequencing batch reactor

1996 ◽  
Vol 34 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 293-301 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco A. Garzón-Zúñiga ◽  
Simón González-Martínez
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Sequencing Batch Reactor ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Batch Reactor ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Ammonia Nitrogen ◽  
Optimal Operation ◽  
Nitrifying Bacteria ◽  
Phase Duration ◽  
Operation Conditions

The possibility of joining biological phosphorus and nitrogen removal in a biofilm sequencing batch reactor was studied using an operation strategy with four reaction phases: Anaerobic/Aerobic/Anoxic/Aerobic. A 1,000 liter pilot scale reactor, filled with Pall-Rings as biofilm support was fed with municipal wastewater. After operating the system for 615 days, optimal operation conditions were establish to obtain highest removal rates with a well established microbial community. Adequate cycle and phase duration were established and organic loading values were obtained for different treatment purposes. The system worked successfully obtaining removals of COD, phosphates and ammonia nitrogen of 89 ± 1%, 75 ± 15%, and 87 ± 10%, respectively. The high removal efficiencies of P and N were obtained thanks to the establishing relationship between nitrifying bacteria and phosphate accumulating bacteria.

Experimental and numerical results of a single submerged attached growth bioreactor for simultaneous oxidation of organics and nitrogen removal

2005 ◽  
Vol 52 (7) ◽  
pp. 97-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
P.B. Pedros ◽  
J.Y. Wang ◽  
W.K. Dobie ◽  
H. Metghalchi
Keyword(s):  
Total Nitrogen ◽  
Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Reactor Performance ◽  
Attached Growth ◽  
Microbial Kinetics ◽  
Multispecies Biofilm ◽  
Simultaneous Oxidation ◽  
Biofilm Process

Two primary advantages of a submerged attached growth bioreactor (SAGB) are the small volume requirement and the elimination of downstream clarification. While different configurations of SAGBs have been developed for various applications, the use of a single SAGB for achieving the combined removal of organics and nitrogen has not been extensively studied. This research studied the microbial kinetics of a multispecies biofilm within a single-unit, single-zone SAGB designed to achieve the combined removal of both carbonaceous organics and nitrogen. A pilot-scale SAGB plant was developed and operated to treat a municipal wastewater to an effluent BOD5≤30 mg/l, TSS≤30 mg/l, and total nitrogen≤10 mg/l. At a total organic loading of 4.0 kg/m3-day adequate nitrogen removal, resulting in an effluent total nitrogen of 8.5 mg/l, was achieved. The numerical simulation of reactor performance using AQUASIM showed good agreement in overall trends. This research demonstrated an expanded and improved application of a multispecies biofilm process for wastewater nutrient removal.

The effect of urban landfill leachate characteristics on the coexistence of anammox bacteria and heterotrophic denitrifiers

2010 ◽  
Vol 61 (4) ◽  
pp. 1065-1071 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Ruscalleda ◽  
S. Puig ◽  
X. Mora ◽  
H. López ◽  
R. Ganigué ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Landfill Leachate ◽  
Batch Reactor ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Anammox Bacteria ◽  
Nitrite Accumulation ◽  
Reactor Performance ◽  
N Removal ◽  
Anammox Activity ◽  
Leachate Characteristics

Heterotrophic denitrification coexists with the anammox process contributing to N removal owing to the biodegradable organic matter supply from urban landfill leachate and the decay of microorganisms. Both biomasses consumed nitrite increasing the nitrite requirements of the system. The aim of this paper is the study of the causes which induce the system to decrease nitrogen removal efficiency. In this study, urban landfill leachate has been treated in an anammox Sequencing Batch Reactor (SBR) for 360 days. The anammox reactor treated on average 0.24 kgN m−3 d−1 obtaining nitrogen removal efficiencies up to 89%. The results demonstrated that i) a suitable influent nitrite to ammonium molar ratio is a crucial factor to avoid troubles in the anammox reactor performance; ii) an excess of nitrite implied nitrite accumulation in the reactor; iii) a lower nitrite supply than the necessary for the system could force a loss of specific anammox activity due to nitrite competition with denitrifiers. These results pointed out the importance of the previous partial-nitritation process control in order to obtain a correct influent nitrite to ammonium molar ratio for the anammox reactor. In addition, sudden variation of the leachate characteristics must be avoided.

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