scholarly journals PROTOCOL: Effects of Drug Courts on Criminal Offending and Drug Use

2007 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
David B. Wilson ◽  
Ojmarrh Mitchel ◽  
Doris L. MacKenzie
Keyword(s):  
Drug Use ◽  
Drug Courts ◽  
Criminal Offending

Examining the Coevolution of Drug Use Variety and Different Types of Offending Frequency Among Justice-Involved Adolescents

2021 ◽  
pp. 002204262110022
Author(s):  
Benjamin T. Kuettel
Keyword(s):  
Drug Use ◽  
Criminal Behavior ◽  
General Pattern ◽  
Past Research ◽  
Criminal Offending ◽  
Developmental Patterns ◽  
Violent Offending ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Trajectory Models ◽  
Frequent Offenders

Past research demonstrates a strong link between drug use and crime among justice-involved adolescents, yet little is known about the joint development between drug use variety and various types of criminal offending frequencies from adolescence to young adulthood. Using a sample of male adolescent offenders ( N = 842), this article examines the coevolution of drug use variety and three separate types of offending frequencies. First, four group-based trajectory models identify unique group developmental patterns for drug use variety, drug sales offending, property offending, and violent offending. Next, three dual-trajectory models examine the coevolution between drug use variety and each type of criminal offending. Findings reveal a general pattern of desistance for both drug use and offending, while also illustrating notable variability in group trajectory patterns for drug use variety and criminal behavior. This article concludes that adolescents with elevated drug use variety make up a large proportion of frequent offenders.

scholarly journals “Recovery Came First”: Desistance versus Recovery in the Criminal Careers of Drug-Using Offenders

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charlotte Colman ◽  
Freya Vander Laenen
Keyword(s):  
Drug Use ◽  
Drug Users ◽  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
Criminal Careers ◽  
Criminal Offending ◽  
Transformation Theory ◽  
Cognitive Transformation

The aim of our paper is to gain insight in the desistance process of drug-using offenders. We explore the components of change in the desistance process of drug-using offenders by using the cognitive transformation theory of Giordano et al. as a theoretical framework. The desistance process of drug-using offenders entails a two-fold process: desistance of criminal offending and recovery. The results however indicate that desistance is subordinate to recovery because of the fact that drug-using offenders especially see themselves as drug users and not as “criminals.” Their first goal was to start recovery from drug use. They were convinced that recovery from drug use would lead them to a stop in their offending. In the discussion, we explore the implications of this result for further research.

The Drug Court Team and Discretionary Decision-Making: A Mixed-Methods Examination of Sanctioning Responses to Continued Participant Alcohol and Other Drug Use

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-48
Author(s):  
Benjamin R. Gibbs ◽  
Tusty ten Bensel ◽  
Madison K. Doyle ◽  
William Wakefield
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Mixed Methods ◽  
Drug Use ◽  
Performance Measures ◽  
Drug Court ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Drug Courts ◽  
Program Performance ◽  
Mixed Methods Approach ◽  
Participant Characteristics

Drug courts attempt to gain participant compliance and alcohol and other drug (AOD) use abstinence through a strategy of moderate and progressive sanctioning, but its discretionary application possesses the capacity for disparity across participants and behaviors. The purpose of this study was to examine the drug court team’s (DCT) discretionary use of sanctions in response to continued participant AOD use. A mixed-methods approach was used for analyzing agency data ( n = 1,032) and interviews of five members of the DCT. Data were collected from an adult felony drug court over a 6-year period (2008–2013) and use to answer the following research question: “What participant characteristics and program performance measures affected sanctioning outcomes?” We found that offender attributes did play a role in the sanctioning decision, but program performance measures were stronger predictors of sanction type.

The Drug–Crime Connection in Adolescent and Adult Respondents

2016 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 205-216 ◽  
Author(s):  
Glenn D. Walters
Keyword(s):  
Drug Use ◽  
Linear Regression ◽  
Early Adulthood ◽  
Multivariate Linear Regression ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Criminal Offending ◽  
England And Wales ◽  
Drug Crime ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Practical Implications

The aim of this study was to determine whether the nature of the drug–crime relationship differs as a function of participant age (adolescent vs. adult). It was hypothesized that the Drug × Crime interaction would predict subsequent drug use and serious offending in 924 early- to mid-adolescents but not in 722 adults. All participants came from the Offending, Crime, and Justice Survey conducted in England and Wales between 2003 and 2006. The hypothesis was supported by the results of two separate two-equation multivariate linear regression analyses. These findings indicate that the relationship between drug use and criminal offending varies as a function of participant age, such that the relationship is interactive during its formative years but becomes cumulative or additive during early adulthood. The research, theoretical, and practical implications of these results are discussed.

Drug Courts' Effects on Criminal Offending

2014 ◽  
pp. 1170-1178 ◽  
Author(s):  
David B. Wilson ◽  
Ojmarrh Mitchell ◽  
Doris Layton MacKenzie
Keyword(s):  
Drug Courts ◽  
Criminal Offending

Using drug courts for drug postmarketing surveillance

2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 165-175 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. Hayden Griffin, III ◽  
Vanessa H. Woodward
Keyword(s):  
Drug Use ◽  
Drug Court ◽  
Church Attendance ◽  
Data Management System ◽  
Drug Courts ◽  
Postmarketing Surveillance ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Cost Efficient ◽  
Using Data

Purpose – One of the greatest challenges for drug regulation is valid, comprehensive surveillance of drugs after they reach the pharmaceutical market. The purpose of this paper is to propose a new method of individual and aggregate-level postmarket surveillance using data previously (and continuously) collected by drug courts, which are in operation in nearly every geographic corner of the USA. Design/methodology/approach – To determine the feasibility of such an undertaking, data were obtained from an urban, southern county drug court. Intake data included all participants from September 2012 to November 2013. The final sample included 532 drug court participants. Findings – Intake data were found to include various demographic variables, measures of drug use, and various sociological/criminological variables such as familial and social support, church attendance, and other pertinent variables for studying drug use and crime trends generally. Practical implications – By using intake data from drug courts in a manner similar to Uniform Crime Report or National Incident-Based Reporting System, this could add greatly to the understanding of crime and drug use. Social implications – The authors purport that a data management system of drug court intake data could provide a cost-efficient and generalizable representation of drug use of those within the criminal justice system. Originality/value – Many efforts have been employed in an attempt to better ascertain where high rates of drug use occur. By using drug courts as more than just a system of treatment, postmarketing surveillance could be improved.

Drug Court Recidivism in the Rural Midwest: A 3-Year Post-Separation Analysis

2021 ◽  
pp. 002204262199307
Author(s):  
Theresa Wadkins ◽  
Julie Campbell
Keyword(s):  
Substance Abuse ◽  
Drug Court ◽  
The United States ◽  
Drug Courts ◽  
Criminal Offending ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Recidivism Rates ◽  
United States Today ◽  
Substance Abuse Rehabilitation ◽  
Specialized Courts

Substance abuse continues to be a pressing social problem in the United States today. As the country battles an opioid epidemic, many jurisdictions have adopted the problem-solving court model in response. These specialized courts, known as drug courts, offer a rehabilitative approach to offender management. Drug courts balance substance abuse rehabilitation with community-based supervision and operate with the philosophy that addressing the addiction will result in a decrease in criminal offending. The current study examines the recidivism rates for 50 participants who have been separated (i.e., completed or terminated) from one rural drug court program in the Midwest for at least 3 years. Findings indicate that successful completion of drug court is associated with decreases in misdemeanor offending, and more importantly, decreases in felony offending. While preliminary, the findings of this research provide support for the drug court model in the rural Midwest. Further research in this area is highly recommended.

scholarly journals Drug Courts' Effects on Criminal Offending for Juveniles and Adults

2012 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ojmarrh Mitchell ◽  
David B. Wilson ◽  
Amy Eggers ◽  
Doris L. MacKenzie
Keyword(s):  
Drug Courts ◽  
Criminal Offending
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