Modelling and optimization of hydrogen yield in membrane steam reforming reactors

2017 ◽  
Vol 95 (9) ◽  
pp. 1676-1682 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Anna Murmura ◽  
Stefano Cerbelli ◽  
Maria Cristina Annesini
Keyword(s):  
Steam Reforming ◽  
Hydrogen Yield ◽  
Modelling And Optimization

Ni-based bimetallic nano-catalysts anchored on BaZr0.4Ce0.4Y0.1Yb0.1O3−δ for internal steam reforming of methane in a low-temperature proton-conducting ceramic fuel cell

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyungpyo Hong ◽  
Stephanie Nadya Sutanto ◽  
Jeong A. Lee ◽  
Jongsup Hong
Keyword(s):  
Steam Reforming ◽  
Low Temperatures ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Hydrogen Yield ◽  
Carbon Formation ◽  
Long Term Stability ◽  
Ceramic Fuel Cell ◽  
Ceramic Fuel ◽  
Nano Catalysts

Ni–Rh and Ni–Co nano-scale alloys exhibit high methane conversion, hydrogen yield, resistance to carbon formation, and long-term stability at low temperatures, allowing them to cope with the various operating conditions of direct methane-fueled PCFCs.

scholarly journals A Phenomenological Study on the Synergistic Role of Precious Metals and the Support in the Steam Reforming of Logistic Fuels on Monometal Supported Catalysts

2010 ◽  
Vol 2010 ◽  
pp. 1-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdul-Majeed Azad ◽  
Desikan Sundararajan
Keyword(s):  
Steam Reforming ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Phenomenological Study ◽  
Supported Catalysts ◽  
Precious Metals ◽  
Sulfur Poisoning ◽  
Jet Fuels ◽  
Hydrogen Yield ◽  
High Hydrogen

Clean power source utilizing vast logistic fuel reserves (jet fuels, diesel, and coal) would be the main driver in the 21st century for high efficiency. Fuel processors are required to convert these fuels into hydrogen-rich reformate for extended periods in the presence of sulfur, and deliver hydrogen with little or no sulfur to the fuel cell stack. However, the jet and other logistic fuels are invariably sulfur-laden. Sulfur poisons and deactivates the reforming catalyst and therefore, to facilitate continuous uninterrupted operation of logistic fuel processors, robust sulfur-tolerant catalysts ought to be developed. New noble metal-supported ceria-based sulfur-tolerant nanocatalysts were developed and thoroughly characterized. In this paper, the performance of single metal-supported catalysts in the steam-reforming of kerosene, with 260 ppm sulfur is highlighted. It was found that ruthenium-based formulation provided an excellent balance between hydrogen production and stability towards sulfur, while palladium-based catalyst exhibited rapid and steady deactivation due to the highest propensity to sulfur poisoning. The rhodium supported system was found to be most attractive in terms of high hydrogen yield and long-term stability. A mechanistic correlation between the role of the nature of the precious metal and the support for generating clean desulfurized -rich reformate is discussed.

Influence of La2O3composition in MgO–La2O3mixed oxide-supported Co catalysts on the hydrogen yield in glycerol steam reforming

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 354-361 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Surendar ◽  
D. Padmakar ◽  
N. Lingaiah ◽  
K. S. Rama Rao ◽  
P. S. Sai Prasad
Keyword(s):  
Steam Reforming ◽  
Active Site ◽  
Hydrogen Yield ◽  
Co Catalysts ◽  
Cobalt Nanoparticle ◽  
Good Precursor

Partially Mg-substituted LaCoO3perovskite is a good precursor, for the generation of cobalt nanoparticle derived under the reduction atmosphere. The La2O2CO3phase formed is more efficient in removing the carbon from the cobalt active site.

scholarly journals Catalytic Steam Reforming of Glycerol Over Cerium and Palladium-Based Catalysts for Hydrogen Production

2013 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Ebshish ◽  
Zahira Yaakob ◽  
Y. H. Taufiq-Yap ◽  
Ahmed Bshish ◽  
Abdulmajid Shaibani
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Hydrogen Production ◽  
Steam Reforming ◽  
Catalytic Reactions ◽  
Fixed Bed Reactor ◽  
Hydrogen Yield ◽  
Water Mixture ◽  
Impregnation Method ◽  
Catalytic Steam Reforming ◽  
Total Average

In this work, catalytic steam reforming of glycerol for hydrogen production was performed over Ce/Al2O3 and Pd/Al2O3 catalysts prepared via the impregnation method. The catalysts were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM-EDX), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), BET surface area, and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Two sets of catalytic reactions were conducted, one comparing 1% Pd/Al2O3 to 1% Ce/Al2O3 and the second comparing 1% Ce/Al2O3 loading to 10% Ce/Al2O3 loading. All catalytic reactions were performed using a fixed-bed reactor operated at 600 °C and atmospheric pressure. Aglycerol–water mixture at a molar ratio of 1:6 was fed to the reactor at 0.05 ml/min. In the first set of experiments, Pd/Al2O3 exhibited higher hydrogen productivity than Ce/Al2O3. A maximum hydrogen yield of 56% and a maximum selectivity of 78.7% were achieved over the Pd/Al2O3 catalyst. For the second set of experiments, the results show that the reaction conversion increased as the cerium loading increased from 1% to 10%. A total average hydrogen yield of 28.0% and a selectivity of 45.5% were obtained over 1% Ce/Al2O3, while the total average hydrogen yield and selectivity were 42.2% and 52.7%, respectively, for 10% Ce/Al2O3.

Simulation of Hydrogen Production From Biomass Pyrolysis Gas by Secondary Steam Reforming

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leteng Lin ◽  
Li Sun ◽  
Xiaodong Zhang ◽  
Xiaolu Yi ◽  
Min Xu
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cells ◽  
Hydrogen Production ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Steam Reforming ◽  
Water Gas Shift ◽  
Hydrogen Yield ◽  
Biomass Pyrolysis ◽  
Pyrolysis Gas ◽  
Secondary Steam ◽  
Water Gas

Hydrogen is currently being widely regarded as a futural energy carrier to reduce carbon emissions and other NOx and SOx pollutants. Many researchers have proved that hydrogen can be efficiently used in solid oxide fuel cells -gas turbine system (SOFC-GT) and molten carbonate fuel cells-gas turbine system (MCFC-GT). Hydrogen production from biomass resources offers the advantage of providing a renewable energy carrier for extensive reduction of the CO2 emission. A secondary steam reforming process which consists of steam reforming of methane and water gas shift was proposed to further convert CH4, CO and other hydrocarbons in biomass pyrolysis gas for promoting hydrogen yield. According to respective reaction mechanism, simulating calculations were carried out in two reforming processes separately. With the favor of PRO/II, the effects of reaction temperature and steam to carbon ratio on hydrogen yield were discussed in details in the steam reforming of methane. A reasonable calculation method was established for simulating the water gas shift process in which the effects of temperature and steam to CO ratio was investigated. The simulation made good results in optimizing reaction conditions for two reformers and predicting the volume rate of all gas components. It is proved by simulation that hydrogen-rich gas with >68 mol% H2 could be produced, and the hydrogen yield could reach 48.18 mol H2/(Kg Biomass) and 45.85 mol/(Kg Biomass) respectively when using corn straw and rice husk as feedstock. The experiment data from a related reference was adopted to prove the reasonability of the simulation results which could show the feasibility of secondary steam reforming process, as well as provide good references for practical process operation.

Hydrogen Production from Ethanol Steam Reforming over Ni-Cu/ZnO Catalyst

2011 ◽  
Vol 236-238 ◽  
pp. 1067-1072
Author(s):  
Li Ping Liu ◽  
Xiao Jian Ma ◽  
Peng Zhang ◽  
Ya Nan Liu
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Production ◽  
Steam Reforming ◽  
Fixed Bed ◽  
Surface Characteristics ◽  
Catalytic Performance ◽  
Fixed Bed Reactor ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Ethanol Steam Reforming ◽  
Hydrogen Yield ◽  
Ethanol Steam

Hydrogen production by ethanol steam reforming over Ni-Cu/ZnO catalyst in the temperatures range of 250-550°C was studied on a fixed bed reactor. The effects of reaction temperature and water/ethanol molar ratio on hydrogen production were investigated. The structure and surface characteristics of the catalyst were measured by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and differential thermal analyzer (TG-DSC). The results show that the Ni-Cu/ZnO catalyst has good catalytic performance with higher hydrogen yield of 4.87molH2/molEtOH reacted. A comparison of hydrogen production from ethanol steam reforming over Ni-Cu/ZnO catalyst with over a commercial catalyst was made in this paper.

Hydrogen Yield from Low Temperature Steam Reforming of Ethanol

2008 ◽  
Vol 85 (1) ◽  
pp. 92-100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nikhil K. Das ◽  
Ajay K. Dalai ◽  
R. Ranganathan
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Steam Reforming ◽  
Hydrogen Yield ◽  
Steam Reforming Of Ethanol

scholarly journals Synthesis and characterization of Cu-X/γ-Al2O3 catalyst by intermittent microwave irradiation for hydrogen generation from dimethyl ether steam reforming

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 169-178
Author(s):  
Shilin Huang ◽  
Juan Li ◽  
Chang-Feng Yan ◽  
Zhida Wang ◽  
Changqing Guo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microwave Irradiation ◽  
Dimethyl Ether ◽  
Steam Reforming ◽  
Hydrogen Generation ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Hydrogen Yield ◽  
Methanol Reforming ◽  
Dimethyl Ether Conversion ◽  
Shift Reaction ◽  
Al2o3 Catalyst

A series of Cu-X/?-Al2O3 (X = Fe, Co, Ni) catalysts were synthesized by a rapid intermittent microwave irradiation method for hydrogen generation from dimethyl ether steam reforming. Different parameters, such as the promoters of X (X = Fe, Co, Ni), microwave irradiation procedure and the ratio of metal to ?-Al2O3, were investigated. The results show that 2Cu-Fe/72?-Al2O3 has the best performance, for which the agglomeration is prevented, CuO is well dispersed and the catalytic activity is improved. Promoter iron oxide in 2Cu-Fe/9?-Al2O3 facilitates the watergas shift reaction, which lead to an increase in the conversion of CO to CO2 and hydrogen yield. Particularly, the 2Cu-Fe/72?-Al2O3 catalyst, with the best molar ratio of metal to ?-Al2O3, shows a dimethyl ether conversion of >99% and a hydrogen yield of >98% and produces the lowest CO content of 1.4%, indicating that the synergism between dimethyl ether hydrolysis and methanol reforming requires an appropriate balance between the metallic Cu-Fe and the acid ?-Al2O3. The intermittent microwave irradiation technique provides a simple but effective method of the Cu-Fe/?-Al2O3 synthesis with a good catalyst performance for the dimethyl ether steam reforming.

The Preparation Conditions of Catalyst for Steam Reforming of Fast Pyrolysis Bio-Oil

2011 ◽  
Vol 347-353 ◽  
pp. 2231-2235 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ping Lan ◽  
Li Hong Lan ◽  
Tao Xie ◽  
An Ping Liao
Keyword(s):  
Calcination Temperature ◽  
Steam Reforming ◽  
Fixed Bed ◽  
Active Agent ◽  
Fixed Bed Reactor ◽  
Hydrogen Yield ◽  
Preparation Conditions ◽  
Bio Oil ◽  
Renewable Hydrogen ◽  
Catalytic Steam Reforming

Catalytic steam reforming of bio-oil is an economically feasible route producing renewable hydrogen. Ni/MgO-La2O3-Al2O3 catalyst was prepared with Ni as active agent, Al2O3 as support and MgO, La2O3 as promoters. The experiments were carried out in a fixed-bed reactor. The content of Ni, calcination temperature, and calcinations time, were investigated with hydrogen yield as index. The optimal preparation conditions were concluded as follows: the Ni content 18%, the calcination temperature 8500C and the calcinations time 6 h.

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