Background:
Waste biomass derived reusable heterogeneous acid based catalysts are more suitable to overcome
the problems associated with homogeneous catalysts. The use of agricultural biomass as catalyst for transesterification
process is more economical and it reduces the overall production cost of biodiesel. The identification of an appropriate
suitable catalyst for effective transesterification will be a landmark in biofuel sector
Objective:
In the present investigation, waste wood biomass was used to prepare a low cost sulfonated solid acid catalyst
for the production of biodiesel using waste cooking oil.
Methods:
The pretreated wood biomass was first calcined then sulfonated with H2SO4. The catalyst was characterized by
various analyses such as, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Energy
Dispersive X-Ray Spectroscopy (EDS) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The central composite design (CCD) based response
surface methodology (RSM) was applied to study the influence of individual process variables such as temperature, catalyst
load, methanol to oil molar ration and reaction time on biodiesel yield.
Results:
The obtained optimized conditions are as follows: temperature (165 ˚C), catalyst loading (1.625 wt%), methanol
to oil molar ratio (15:1) and reaction time (143 min) with a maximum biodiesel yield of 95 %. The Gas chromatographymass
spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis of biodiesel produced from waste cooking oil was showed that it has a mixture of
both monounsaturated and saturated methyl esters.
Conclusion:
Thus the waste wood biomass derived heterogeneous catalyst for the transesterification process of waste
cooking oil can be applied for sustainable biodiesel production by adding an additional value for the waste materials and
also eliminating the disposable problem of waste oils.
Production of cellulose nanofibrils and films from elephant grass using deep eutectic solvents and a solid acid catalyst