One-pot synthesis of (2-furanylmethylene)malononitrile, a Knoevenagel product of furfural with malononitrile, from xylose efficiently proceeded by combined use of acid Amberlyst-15 and acid-base Cr/hydrotalcites in 44% yield.
Hafnium-based metal–organic frameworks are promising catalysts for upgrading biomass derivatives via an aldol condensation reaction.