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Organophosphorous compounds are of potential importance in diverse fields. They are often
used as intermediates for making functionalized phosphine ligands as well as find vast applications
in the areas of industrial, agricultural and biological chemistry. The microwave-assisted synthesis
of C-P bonds has become increasingly popular because of its various advantages over conventional
heating in the perspectives of green chemistry.
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This review article has primarily focused on the synthesis of various organophosphorous molecules
via microwave promoted C-P cross-coupling reactions under metal-catalyzed or metal–free conditions
over the last two decades. The synthesis of phosphine ligands on 4,4′-bisquinolone structural framework,
disubstituted phosphinic acid esters, vinyl phosphines, aryl- and vinylphosphonates, sugar and
nucleoside phosphonates, aminobisphosphonates, triphenyl phosphines, water-soluble tertiary phosphine
oxides and many other potentially useful organophosphorous compounds have been illustrated
critically. The Hirao reaction, Michaelis-Arbuzov reaction and Sandmeyer type of reactions are generally
involved in creating C-P bonds. The role of various metal catalysts, solvents, bases, additives
and temperature in different literatures are carefully discussed.