scholarly journals A New Approach to Difficult Fischer Synthesis: The Use of Zinc Chloride Catalyst in Triethylene Glycol under Controlled Microwave Irradiation.

ChemInform ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 37 (24) ◽  
Author(s):  
Teodozja M. Lipinska ◽  
Stefan J. Czarnocki
Keyword(s):  
Microwave Irradiation ◽  
Zinc Chloride ◽  
Triethylene Glycol ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Fischer Synthesis ◽  
Chloride Catalyst

The Chemistry of the Zinc Oxide Cure of Halobutyl

1984 ◽  
Vol 57 (4) ◽  
pp. 813-825 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Kuntz ◽  
R. L. Zapp ◽  
R. J. Pancirov
Keyword(s):  
Zinc Oxide ◽  
Zinc Chloride ◽  
Reaction Pathway ◽  
Diels Alder ◽  
Crosslinking Reaction ◽  
Conjugated Diene ◽  
Carbon Carbon Bonds ◽  
Carbon Bonds ◽  
Chloride Catalyst ◽  
Major Reaction

Abstract The studies described in this papier lead to certain conclusions. The crosslinking reaction of halobutyl with zinc oxide does not give rise to ether crosslinks. All the evidence indicates that the chemistry involves the formation of carbon-carbon bonds by an alkylation type chemistry. The dehydrohalogenation of the halobutyl to form a zinc chloride catalyst is a key feature of the crosslinking chemistry. But conjugated diene butyl and Diels-Alder reactions are not the major reaction pathway for the zinc oxide crosslinking reaction. These conclusions have significance for the zinc oxide cure of CR which has an active allylic halide structure formed by 1,2-monomer enchainment.

Recovery of zinc chloride catalyst from coal hydrogenation char

1978 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 151-165 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.H. Hill ◽  
R.E. Wood ◽  
W.H. Wiser
Keyword(s):  
Zinc Chloride ◽  
Chloride Catalyst

THE MERCAPTOLYSIS OF GLUCOSE AND GALACTOSE PENTAACETATES

1951 ◽  
Vol 29 (12) ◽  
pp. 1079-1091 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. U. Lemieux
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Atom ◽  
Zinc Chloride ◽  
Intermediate Formation ◽  
Acetoxy Group ◽  
Carbonium Ion ◽  
Chloride Catalyst ◽  
Derivatives Of

The mercaptolysis of the α-and β-pentaacetyl derivatives of glucopyranose and galactopyranose at 0 °C. with zinc chloride catalyst was studied. The β-pentaacetates were rapidly transformed to the corresponding ethyl tetraacetyl-1-thio-β-D-glycosides in excellent yields; however, the α-anomers were highly resistant to the mercaptolytic conditions. The results are interpreted on the basis of a participation by the C2-acetoxy group in the replacements at the lactol carbon atom of the β-pentaacetates with the intermediate formation of a resonance stabilized cyclic carbonium ion.

Silica-supported ZnCl2 — A highly active and reusable heterogeneous catalyst for the one-pot synthesis of dihydropyrimidinones–thiones

2007 ◽  
Vol 85 (3) ◽  
pp. 197-201 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raman Gupta ◽  
Monika Gupta ◽  
Satya Paul ◽  
Rajive Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Zinc Chloride ◽  
Biginelli Reaction ◽  
Catalyst Loading ◽  
Reaction Conditions ◽  
One Pot ◽  
Highly Active ◽  
Chloride Catalyst ◽  
Biginelli Compounds ◽  
The One ◽  
Low Catalyst Loading

A novel silica-supported zinc chloride catalyst was prepared and investigated for the Biginelli reaction. The key features of the catalyst include rapid reaction with 100% conversion of aldehyde, good catalyst recyclability, and high stability under the reaction conditions (passes hot filtration test successfully). A low catalyst loading (12 mol% of ZnCl2) was required to achieve a quantitative reaction. Other catalysts such as SiO2–AlCl2, SiO2–AlCl2–ZnCl2 were also prepared and their activity was compared with SiO2–ZnCl2 for the Biginelli reaction.Key words: silica gel, zinc chloride, Biginelli compounds, heterogeneous catalysis, reusability.

scholarly journals Effect of Chemical Treatment on Production of Activated Carbon from Cocos nucifera L. (Coconut) Shell by Microwave Irradiation Method

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 112-116
Author(s):  
Nor Amiera Syahida Arsyad ◽  
Mohammad Khairul Azhar Abdul Razab ◽  
An’amt Mohamed Noor ◽  
Mohd Hazim Mohamad Amini ◽  
Nik Nurul Anis Nik Yusoff ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Microwave Irradiation ◽  
Phosphoric Acid ◽  
Sodium Hydroxide ◽  
Zinc Chloride ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Cocos Nucifera ◽  
Coconut Shell ◽  
High Porosity ◽  
Microwave Irradiation Method

In recent years, activated carbon has attracted attention among researchers due to its special properties such as high porosity, highly adsorption and low cost. In this research, activated carbon has been successfully produced from the coconut shell by using the microwave irradiation method where zinc chloride (ZnCl2), phosphoric acid (H3PO4) and sodium hydroxide (NaOH) were implemented as the activating agents. The results showed that phosphoric acid has the most significant effect on the synthesized activated carbon properties. The optimum parameter for the power of microwave irradiation used was 380 W, impregnation ratio of activating agent to char was 3:1 for phosphoric acid, 2:1 for sodium hydroxide, and for 1:1 zinc chloride while concentration of each activating agents was 0.5 M with 10 minutes of activation time. All samples then were characterized by using, Moisture meter, FTIR-ATR, XRD and TGA in order to determine the functional groups, composition and element and weight loss of the activated carbon. This research could benefit the environment by recycling the agriculture waste into a new useful material as well as to keep the environment safe from pollution.

Microwave selective effect: a new approach towards oxygen inhibition removal for highly-effective NO decomposition by microwave catalysis over BaMnxMg1−xO3 mixed oxides at low temperature under excess oxygen

2015 ◽  
Vol 51 (19) ◽  
pp. 4073-4076 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wentao Xu ◽  
Jicheng Zhou ◽  
Yingpiao Ou ◽  
Yushang Luo ◽  
Zhimin You
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Microwave Irradiation ◽  
Mixed Oxides ◽  
No Decomposition ◽  
Excess Oxygen ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Oxygen Inhibition ◽  
Selective Effect ◽  
Highly Effective

Oxygen inhibition removal by microwave selective effect under microwave irradiation.

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